IRakhi eKhethekileyo eNxibele kabini: Isisombululo esiSizingileyo soGcino olunoXinano oluPhezulu

Kwimeko yemizi-mveliso ekhawulezayo yanamhlanje, imfuno yokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kogcino ayizange ibe nkulu. Iindawo zokugcina iimpahla kunye namaziko osasazo aqhubeka efuna izisombululo ezitsha zokugcina iimveliso ezininzi kwiindawo ezinyiniweyo ngelixa kugcinwa ukufikeleleka kunye nokusebenza ngokulula. Enye yezona mpendulo zisebenzayo kulo mngeni ilele kwinkqubo yogcino ekhethekileyo eyilelwe ukwandisa umthamo wogcino ngaphandle kokuncama ukusebenza. Eli nqaku liphonononga indlela esebenza kakhulu yokugcina ethe yafumana ingqwalasela ebalulekileyo kumalungiselelo kunye neengcali zolawulo lwempahla kwihlabathi jikelele.

Njengoko amashishini ekhula kwaye iintlobo zemveliso zisanda, uxinzelelo lokubonelela ngoluhlu lweempahla ezinkulu kwiindawo ezincinci zeenyawo luyakhula. Le nkqubo yokugcina ibalasele kungekuphela nje kubuchule bayo bokugcina indawo obunomtsalane kodwa kwanangokuguquguquka kwayo kunye nokulula kokudityaniswa nezakhelo ezikhoyo zogcino. Ukuqonda iimpawu zayo, izibonelelo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo kunokuchaphazela kakhulu indlela iinkampani ezijongana ngayo nezicwangciso zazo zokugcina, ekugqibeleni ziphucule i-output, ukunciphisa iindleko zabasebenzi, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwendawo yokugcina impahla.

Ukuqonda iNgqaliselo kunye noYilo lweRacking eNzululwazi eNxibeleleyo

Irakhi ekhethiweyo kabini enzulu iyahluka kwirakhi yesiqhelo ekhethiweyo ngobunzulu ngokuphinda kabini ubunzulu beendlela zokugcina. Olu luyilo luthetha ukuba iipallets zinokugcinwa imiqolo emibini ubunzulu, umva ukuya ngasemva, okuvumela iindawo zokugcina ukuba ziphinde kabini umthamo wogcino ngaphakathi komgangatho ofanayo. Into ephambili yesakhiwo yale nkqubo ibandakanya izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ze-forklift ezikwazi ukufikelela kumqolo wesibini wee-racks, ngaloo ndlela ukufikelela okungenamthungo kugcinwa nangona ubunzulu obuninzi.

Ukusuka kwimbono yolwakhiwo, iiyunithi zokurhangqa ezinzulu eziphindwe kabini zibandakanya imiqadi emide yebhayi kunye nemiqobo eqinileyo eyomeleziweyo evumela iimfuno zomthwalo onzima ezinxulumene nogcino olunzulu. Ii-racks zenzelwe ukuxhasa amandla obunzima obuphezulu kunye nokugcina uzinzo, ngakumbi kuba umqolo wesibini weepallets ude ukusuka kwinqanaba, ukongeza ubunzima obuthile kwimisebenzi yokubuyisela. Uyilo lufuna iindlela ezichanekileyo zokwenziwa kunye nofakelo ukuqinisekisa ulungelelwaniso kunye nokuthotyelwa kokhuseleko.

Uqwalaselo olucokisekileyo luyafuneka xa kucwangciswa inkqubo yeracking enzulu ephindwe kabini, njengoko imfuno yezixhobo zokuphatha ezikhethekileyo ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukufikelela kwiilori okanye iifolokhwe ezineefolokhwe zetelescopic zidla ngokuqeshwa ukukhangela ukubekwa kwepallet enzulu ngokufanelekileyo. Ngaphandle kwemfuneko yoomatshini abanjalo, izibonelelo zibandakanya ukuxinana kogcino oluphuculweyo kunye nokuncipha kwexesha lokuhamba ecaleni kwendlela, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwiindawo zokugcina iimpahla ezinobalo oluphezulu lwe-SKU kodwa indawo encinci yeendlela.

Ukuphumeza i-racking ekhethiweyo ephindwe kabini ihlala ibandakanya urhwebo phakathi kokhetho kunye noxinaniso. Nangona kunciphisa ukufikeleleka okukhawulezileyo xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo ezinzulu, ukukwazi ukubamba kabini inani leepallets kububanzi obufanayo be-aisle negalelo elikhulu ekusebenzeni kokusebenza xa kulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kuyenza ilungele iindawo zokugcina ezijongene nezixa ezikhulu ze-inventri ehamba kancinci, apho urhwebo phakathi kokufikeleleka lula kunye nomthamo wokugcina wamkelekile.

Izibonelelo zeZisombululo zokuGcinwa koXiniso oluPhezulu kwiSitora sanamhlanje

Olunye lolona ncedo lubalulekileyo lwale nkqubo yokurhaxa lusekukwazini kwayo ukukhulisa ubuninzi bogcino. Njengoko indawo yokugcina impahla ibiza kakhulu kwaye inqabile, ukukhulisa ukusetyenziswa komthamo othe nkqo kunye othe tye kubalulekile. Irakhi ephindwe kabini enzulu ixhobisa abaphathi ukuba bacinezele uluhlu oluthe kratya kunyawo olufanayo, kupheliswe imfuno yokwandiswa kwendawo yokugcina okanye indawo eyongezelelweyo eqeshisayo. Oku kusebenza kakuhle kuguqulela ukongiwa kweendleko ezinkulu kwi-real estate kwaye kuphucula imbuyekezo epheleleyo kutyalo-mali.

Olunye uncedo olunyanzelisayo kukuphuculwa kokuhamba komsebenzi kwindawo yokugcina iimpahla kunye nemveliso. Ngokuhlanganisa ugcino kwiipaseji ezimbalwa, abasebenzi bovimba bachitha ixesha elincinane behamba phakathi kweendawo, benciphisa imigama yokuhamba kunye nexesha lokuhamba. Oku kuncitshiswa kunokukhawulezisa ukuchongwa kwee-odolo, ukuzaliswa kwakhona, kunye neenkqubo zokuthatha isitokhwe. Ukongezelela, inkqubo inokuqulunqwa ukugcina i-FIFO (i-First-In-First-Out) okanye i-LIFO (i-Last-In-First-Out) imigaqo yolawulo lwempahla, kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zentlangano.

Ukuqina kunye nokuqina kwerakhi ekhethiweyo enzulu ephindwe kabini ikwayingqwalasela ebalulekileyo. Ezi nkqubo zakhelwe ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwaye zinokuthatha utshintsho kubungakanani bempahla kunye nomthwalo wepallet. Njengoko iimfuno zeshishini ziguquka, iindawo ezongezelelweyo zinokongezwa kwisikhokelo esele sikhona, okanye uyilo lunokuguqulwa ukuze luhambelane neemfuno zogcino oluvelayo. Oku bhetyebhetye kuququzelela indlela elungelelanisiweyo yolawulo lwendawo yokugcina impahla enokuthi ihambelane nokuguquguquka kwamaxesha onyaka okanye izicwangciso zokwandisa.

Ngaphaya koko, ukudityaniswa kwetekhnoloji kwirakhi ekhethiweyo ephindwe kabini yonyusa ukusebenza kwayo ngakumbi. Iinkqubo zolawulo lwe-Warehouse (WMS) kunye nezithuthi ezikhokelwayo ezizenzekelayo (i-AGVs) zinokucwangciswa ukuba zihambe ezi zicwangciso zokugcina, ukunciphisa impazamo yabantu kunye nokuphucula ukuchaneka kokuphathwa kwe-inventory. Xa zidityaniswe nohlalutyo lwedatha ehlakaniphile, iindawo zokugcina zinokwandisa iipatheni zokugcina kwaye zinciphise ixesha lokuphumla, okwenza i-racking ephindwe kabini ekhethiweyo kungekhona nje isisombululo sokugcina umzimba kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu kwikhonkco lokubonelela ngobukrelekrele.

Imiceli mngeni kunye neNgqwalaselo ekuPhumezeni iRacking eKhethekileyo eNzulu kabini

Ngelixa izibonelelo zininzi, ukwazisa irakhi ekhethiweyo ephindwe kabini akukho ngaphandle kwemiqobo. Omnye weyona mingeni ibonakalayo kukufuneka kwezixhobo ezizodwa zokuphatha imathiriyeli. Iiforklift eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuseta i-rack-deep-deep-deep-deep-deep-deep-deep-deep-deep-deep-deep-deep-deep-deep-reserve-back-office-back-deep-deep-deep-deep-system. Oku kuthetha ukutyala imali kwiilori ezifikelelayo okanye kwiifolokhwe ezineefolokhwe zetelescopic, ezinokunyusa inkcitho eyinkunzi kwaye zifune uqeqesho lwabaqhubi.

Olunye uqwalaselo olubalulekileyo kukunciphisa okunokwenzeka ekukhetheni. Ngokungafaniyo neenkqubo zokubeka i-single-deep apho i-pallet nganye ifikeleleka ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kwi-aisle, iipalethi ezigcinwe kumqolo ongasemva kufuneka zithathwe ngokususa kuqala ezi zingaphambili. Oku kunokucothisa amaxesha okubuyiswa kweepalethi zomqolo ongemva, okwenza inkqubo ingalungeli kangako iindawo zokugcina ezinee-SKU ezihamba ngokukhawuleza, ezinemfuno ephezulu. Ulawulo lwe-inventri olusebenzayo kunye nezicwangciso zokubeka ziyafuneka ukunciphisa ixesha lokunciphisa kunye nokwandisa ukufikelela ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukhuseleko lukwayeyona nto iphambili xa uyila kwaye ufaka i-racking ekhethiweyo ephindwe kabini. Ubunzulu obandisiweyo bongeza ubunzima ekuzinzeni komthwalo, ukunyusa umngcipheko weengozi ukuba iipallets azigcinwanga ngokuchanekileyo okanye ukuba ii-racks zigcwele kakhulu. Iindawo zokugcina iimpahla kufuneka zihambelane nemigaqo engqongqo yokhuseleko, ziqhube uhlolo lwesiqhelo, zize ziqeqeshe abasebenzi ngocoselelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zokuphatha zilandelwa ngocoselelo.

Ukongeza, ukudityaniswa noyilo olukhoyo lwendawo yokugcina impahla lunokuba lucelomngeni. Uhlengahlengiso kububanzi bendawo yokuhlangana, ukukhanya, kunye neendlela zokufikeleleka ngexesha likaxakeka kunokuba yimfuneko ukulungiselela inkqubo entsha. Kwezinye iimeko, uphuculo lweziseko ezingundoqo, ezinjengomgangatho owomeleziweyo okanye uhlengahlengiso lokususwa kwesilingi, kunokufuneka ukuxhasa imithwalo ephezulu kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo.

Iingqwalasela zeendleko zidlulela ngaphaya kokuthengwa kwezixhobo zokuqala ngokunjalo. Iindawo zokugcina iimpahla kufuneka zibonise ugcino oluqhubekayo, ukucotha kwemveliso okunokubakho okunxulumene nobume benkqubo, kunye noqeqesho olufunekayo kubasebenzi abasebenzayo ukuze balawule ngokufanelekileyo inkqubo yokurakhiwo enzulu kabini. Uhlalutyo olubanzi lweendleko-nzuzo luyimfuneko phambi kokwamkelwa komntwana, ukulinganisa iinzuzo zexesha elide ngokuchasene notyalo-mali lwangaphambili kunye neempembelelo zokusebenza.

Izicelo KuMashishini Ahlukeneyo kunye neeNtlobo zeWarehouse

Ukuguquguquka okuphindwe kabini okukhethiweyo kwe-racking kwenza kube yinto ekhangayo kuluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini. Kwicandelo lokuthengisa, apho i-spikes ye-inventory yexesha lonyaka ifuna ukwandisa indawo yokugcina, le nkqubo iququzelela ukuphathwa kwempahla eninzi kunye ne-stock-season stock ngempumelelo. Ngokwandisa umthamo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokwandisa indawo yokuhlala, abathengisi banokulawula ngcono ukuguquguquka kweemfuno kunye nokuphucula ukuphendula kwikhonkco lokubonelela.

Izixhobo zokwenza imveliso zixhamla kakhulu kwirakhi ekhethiweyo ephindwe kabini ngokugcina ngokufanelekileyo imathiriyeli ekrwada, izinto ezigqityiweyo, kunye neempahla ezigqityiweyo kunyawo olubambeneyo. Le nkqubo ivumela abavelisi ukuba bagcine amanqanaba aphezulu e-inventory kufuphi nemigca yokuvelisa, ukunciphisa ixesha lokunciphisa okubangelwa ukunqongophala kwezinto kunye nokulungelelanisa iinkqubo zokuhlanganisa. Ukongeza, kumashishini ajongana neepaliti ezinzima okanye iimveliso ezinobukhulu obunje ngeendawo zeemoto okanye izixhobo zemizi-mveliso, uyilo olomeleleyo lokurhweba okuphindwe kabini lubonelela ngenkxaso yolwakhiwo oluyimfuneko.

Kumaziko olungiselelo kunye nokuhanjiswa, i-high-volume throughput ifuna izisombululo ezifanelekileyo zokugcina eziququzelela ukuzaliseka komyalelo okhawulezayo. Iindawo zokugcina iimpahla ezikhethayo ezinzulu ezizikhethelayo eziphethe iibhetshi ezinkulu zee-SKU ezifanayo, eqinisekisa ukuba uxinano luyandiswa ngelixa ukufunyanwa kuhlala kulawuleka. Inkqubo inokusebenza ngokukodwa xa idibene nezisombululo ezizenzekelayo, ukukhawuleza iinkqubo zokuthunyelwa kweempawu ezahlukeneyo zabathengi.

Amacandelo amayeza kunye nokugcinwa kokutya nawo abona izicelo, nangona iimfuno zala mashishini zihlala zibandakanya ulawulo olungqongqo lobushushu kunye nokuqwalaselwa kokuthotyelwa kwemithetho. I-racking ephindwe kabini enzulu ekhethiweyo inokudityaniswa kwindawo yokugcina impahla efrijini kunye nemozulu ukuze kuphuculwe ukugcinwa kwemveliso ngelixa kugcinwe ucoceko kunye nemigaqo yokhuseleko. Ulawulo olululo luqinisekisa ukuba ingqibelelo yemveliso igcinwa naxa iipaliti zigcinwa imiqolo emininzi ngasemva.

Ngokubanzi, esi sisombululo sokugcina silungelelaniswa kwiindawo zokugcina izikali ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kumashishini amancinci akhulisa amandla okugcina ukuya kwimisebenzi emikhulu yamazwe ngamazwe efuna ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwekhonkco lokubonelela. Undoqo ulele ekuvavanyeni imbuyekezo ye-inventri, ubukhulu bemveliso, kunye nokuhamba komsebenzi ukulungelelanisa inkqubo kwiimfuno ezithile.

IiNdlela eziNgqongileyo zexesha elizayo kunye nezinto ezintsha kwiiNkqubo zokuGcinwa koXolo oluPhezulu

Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubeka nokuvela, imbonakalo yomhlaba yeenkqubo zokugcina iimpahla ilungele inguqu ebalulekileyo. Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kwi-automation, iirobhothi, kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa bunefuthe elinzulu kwindlela eyilwe ngayo kwaye iqhutywe ngayo inkqubo yokuchwetheza enzulu kabini. Ukugcinwa ngokuzenzekelayo kunye neenkqubo zokubuyisela (AS / RS), ngokomzekelo, ziya zisanda kuhlanganiswa kunye nezakhiwo eziphindwe kabini ezinzulu zokubeka i-racking ukuze kube lula ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza kwiipalati ezigcinwe nzulu ngaphakathi kwee-racks ngaphandle kokufuna umsebenzi we-forklift owenziwe ngesandla.

Ukuqhubela phambili kwisayensi yezinto eziphathekayo kunegalelo kwizinto ezikhaphukhaphu nezinamandla zerack, okwenza ukuba iindawo zokugcina iimpahla zonyuse umthamo wogcino ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni ukhuseleko okanye imfezeko yolwakhiwo. I-Smart sensors ezifakwe ngaphakathi kwee-racks zibonelela ngedatha yexesha langempela malunga nesimo somthwalo, impilo yesakhiwo, kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo, ezivumela ukugcinwa okusebenzayo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko weengozi okanye ixesha lokuphumla.

Ngapha koko, uhlalutyo lwedatha kunye ne-algorithms yokufunda koomatshini iguqula ulawulo lwe-inventri, inceda iindawo zokugcina izinto ukuba ziphucule iindlela zokubeka ngokuguquguqukayo. Ngohlalutyo oluqikelelweyo, iinkampani zinokuqikelela iipatheni zemfuno ngokuchanekileyo kwaye zilungelelanise ukubekwa kweepallet ukulinganisa isantya sokufikelela kunye nobuninzi bokugcina ngokufanelekileyo.

Uzinzo luba yinto ephambili ekhulayo kuyilo lwendawo yokugcina, ikhuthaza iinguqulelo eziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa indawo yokusingqongileyo yeenkqubo zokugcina. Uyilo lwe-rack yemodyuli luvumela iinxalenye ukuba ziphinde zisetyenziswe okanye ziphinde ziqwalaselwe, ukunciphisa inkunkuma ngexesha lokwandiswa okanye utshintsho loyilo ngelixa kukhuthazwa uqoqosho lwesetyhula.

Ukudityaniswa okuqhubekayo kweenkqubo zolawulo lwe-warehouse (WMS) kunye ne-Intanethi yeZinto (IoT) izixhobo ziya kwenza iinkqubo zokunyusela ezinzulu eziphindwe kabini zibe nobuchule ngakumbi. Iindawo zokugcina iimpahla zexesha elizayo zinokusebenza ngongenelelo oluncinci lomntu, zixhomekeke kwiinkqubo ezidityanisiweyo zokubeka iliso ngokuzimeleyo kwi-inventri, ukubuyisela ishedyuli, kunye nokugcina imigangatho yokhuseleko.

Isishwankathelo, ukuvela kwezisombululo zokugcina ezixineneyo ezinje ngerakhi ekhethiweyo ephindwe kabini idityaniswe ngokusondeleyo neendlela zenguqu yedijithali ezomeleza ukusebenza kakuhle, ukhuseleko, kunye nokuguquguquka kwindawo yokugcina iimpahla.

Olu phononongo lwenkqubo yogcino olunoxinano oluphezulu lukhanyisele imigaqo yoyilo, iingenelo ezisebenzayo, kunye nokuqwalaselwa kokusebenza. Ukuqonda ibhalansi phakathi kokunyuswa kwamandla okugcina kunye nemingeni yokufikeleleka kubalulekile kwiingcali zokugcina iimpahla ezijonge ukuvuselela izicwangciso zabo zokugcina. Nangona ukwamkela iinkqubo ezinjalo kubandakanya utyalo-mali lokuqala kunye nokurhweba okusebenzayo, iinzuzo zexesha elide, kubandakanywa ukugcinwa kwendawo ebalulekileyo kunye nokuphuculwa kokuhamba komsebenzi, kwenza kube sisisombululo esinyanzelisayo kumashishini amaninzi.

Njengoko imisebenzi yesitora isiya isiba nzima kwaye nemiqobo yendawo iqina, ukunyuswa okuphindwe kabini okukhethayo kubonisa indlela yobuchule yokuhlangabezana nezi mfuno. Ngokuhlala unolwazi malunga neetekhnoloji ezivelayo kunye nezenzo ezilungileyo, amashishini anokuthi asebenzise le ndlela yokugcina ukunyusa ulawulo lwe-inventri kunye nokuqhuba ukugqwesa kwekhonkco lokubonelela ngoku nakwixesha elizayo.