Izisombululo zokuGcina iWarehouse: Ukulinganisela ukusebenza kunye neendleko

Kwihlabathi elikhawulezayo lokugcina impahla kunye nokuhambisa impahla, iinkampani zihlala zifuna iindlela zokuphucula indawo yokugcina impahla ngelixa zinciphisa iindleko zokusebenza. Inkqubo yokubeka impahla eyilwe kakuhle inokuphucula kakhulu ulawulo lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, iphucule ukhuseleko, kwaye inyuse imveliso. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhetha isisombululo esifanelekileyo sokubeka impahla kwindawo yokugcina impahla kudla ngokubandakanya ulungelelwaniso olubuthathaka phakathi kokusebenza kunye neendleko. Ukuqonda iingongoma ezahlukeneyo zeendlela zokubeka impahla kunye nefuthe lazo lezemali kubalulekile ekwenzeni izigqibo ezinolwazi eziza kunceda ishishini kwixesha elide.

Nokuba uhlengahlengisa uyilo lwendawo yakho yokugcina impahla okanye utyala imali kwiziseko ezintsha zokugcina impahla, esi sikhokelo sibanzi siza kuhlola izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha izisombululo zokurhangqa impahla kwindawo yokugcina impahla. Ukusuka ekuqondeni iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokurhangqa ukuya ekuvavanyeni ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, eli nqaku libonelela ngeenkcukacha ezibalulekileyo zokukunceda ukwazi ukujongana nobunzima boyilo lwendawo yokugcina impahla.

Ukuqonda Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeNkqubo zokuGcina iiWarehouse

Iinkqubo zokurhangqa ii-warehouse ziza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye noqwalaselo, nganye yenzelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zokugcina kunye neemfuno zokusebenza. Ukuziqhelanisa nezi ndlela linyathelo lokuqala lokulinganisela ukusebenza kunye neendleko ezifanelekileyo. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zokurhangqa ziquka ukurhangqa ii-pallet ezikhethiweyo, ukurhangqa ii-drive-in, ukurhangqa ii-push-back, ukurhangqa ii-pallet flow, kunye nokurhangqa ii-cantilever. Uhlobo ngalunye lubonelela ngeenzuzo ezizodwa kwaye luneziphumo ezahlukeneyo zeendleko.

Ukubeka iipalethi ezikhethiweyo yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye iguquguqukayo. Ivumela ukufikelela ngqo kwipalethi nganye, nto leyo eyenza ifaneleke kwiindawo zokugcina impahla ezifuna ukutshintshiselana rhoqo kwezinto kunye nee-SKU ezininzi. Nangona isenokungabi nkulu uxinano lokugcina, ukubeka iipalethi ezikhethiweyo kunika ukufikeleleka okungenakuthelekiswa nanto kunye nokuguquguquka ekuphatheni ubungakanani kunye neemilo ezahlukeneyo zemveliso.

I-Drive-in racking yenzelwe ukwandisa uxinano lweendawo zokugcina izinto ngokuvumela ii-forklifts ukuba zingene kwisakhiwo se-racking ukuze zikhethe ii-pallets. Le nkqubo ifanelekile kwiindawo zokugcina izinto ezithengisa izinto ezininzi ezifanayo kunye nohlobo olulinganiselweyo lwe-SKU. Inzuzo enkulu kukonga indawo okubonakalayo ekubonelelayo, kodwa ikwabonelela ngemingeni efana nokukhetha okuncinci kunye nomngcipheko owongezelelekileyo wokonakala kwemveliso.

Iiraki zokutyhala umva kunye neeraki zokugeleza kwepallet ziinkqubo ezitshintshayo ezisebenzisa amandla angaphantsi komhlaba okanye iirola ukuze kube lula amaqhinga e-inventory aqalayo ukungena, aphumayo kuqala (FIFO) okanye aqalayo ukungena, aphumayo okokuqala (LIFO). Ezi ndlela ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhetha kunye nolawulo lwe-inventory kodwa zidla ngokubiza kakhulu ukuzifaka ngenxa yeendlela zazo ezintsonkothileyo.

I-Cantilever racking yenzelwe ukugcina izinto ezinde nezinkulu ezifana neepayipi, imithi, okanye iintsimbi. Uyilo lwayo oluvulekileyo luvumela ukulayisha nokukhupha izinto lula, nto leyo eyenza ukuba isebenze kakhulu kwizicelo ezithile kodwa ingabi nakusetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimfuno zokugcina impahla ngokubanzi.

Ukukhetha inkqubo efanelekileyo yokubeka izinto kuxhomekeke kwizinga lokutshintsha kwezinto ezikhoyo, uhlobo lwemveliso, uyilo lwendawo yokugcina impahla, kunye nemida yohlahlo-lwabiwo mali. Ukuqonda ezi ndlela ezahlukeneyo kukunika isiseko sokwenza isisombululo sokugcina izinto esixhasa ngempumelelo iinjongo zakho zokusebenza ngaphandle kokuchitha imali eninzi.

Ukuvavanya izinto kunye nokwakha umgangatho ukuze ufumane ixabiso lexesha elide

Xa kucingwa ngezisombululo zokurhangqa ii-warehouse, umgangatho wezinto kunye nokwakha ukuthembeka zizinto ezibalulekileyo ezichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kunye neendleko. Nangona kunokuba nomtsalane ukukhetha iindlela ezingabizi kakhulu ukunciphisa iindleko zangaphambili, izinto ezisemgangathweni ophantsi zihlala zikhokelela kwiindleko eziphezulu zokulungisa, iingozi zokhuseleko, kunye nobomi obufutshane benkqubo, obunokudlula ukonga kokuqala.

Iinkqubo zokurhangqa zihlala zenziwe ngentsimbi, kodwa ayizizo zonke iintsimbi ezidalwe ngokulinganayo. Amanqanaba kunye nobukhulu obahlukeneyo bumisela ukuqina kunye nomthamo wokuthwala umthwalo weerakhi. Intsimbi esemgangathweni ophezulu iqinisekisa amandla amakhulu, ivumela iirakhi ukuba zixhase imithwalo enzima ngaphandle kokugoba okanye ukugoba. Ukongeza, ukugquma kunye nokugqitywa, okufana nokugquma ngomgubo okanye i-galvanization, kukhusela ukurhangqa kwi-rust kunye ne-corrosion, okubalulekileyo kwiindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu okanye ukuvezwa kwiikhemikhali.

Ukuthembeka kwee-welds, iibholiti, kunye nezibophelelo nako kuchaphazela uzinzo kunye nokhuseleko lwezakhiwo ze-racking. Iinkqubo ezenziwe kakuhle zivavanywa ngokuqatha ukuze zihlangabezane nemigangatho yokhuseleko lweshishini kunye neziqinisekiso, okubonelela ngesiqinisekiso sokuba ii-racks zinokumelana neemfuno zokusebenza kwendawo yokugcina impahla exakekileyo.

Ukutyala imali kwizinto zokurhangqa ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunokubonakala kubiza kakhulu ekuqaleni, kodwa ubomi benkonzo obude, ukuncipha kwesidingo sokulungiswa, kunye nokuncipha komngcipheko weengozi zomsebenzi kuthetha ukonga okukhulu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kwelinye icala, iinkqubo ezingasebenzi kakuhle zinokubangela iindleko ezifihlakeleyo ngexesha lokungasebenzi, umonakalo kwimveliso, okanye kwanamabango okwenzakala kwabasebenzi.

Indlela elungeleleneyo ibandakanya ukuvavanya abathengisi ngononophelo, ukucela iinkcukacha zemveliso, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yokhuseleko. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukwenza ngokwezifiso izinto ezisemgangathweni zokurhangqa ukuze zihambelane neemfuno ezithile zendlu yokugcina impahla kunika ulungelelwaniso oluhle phakathi kokusebenza kunye neendleko. Ekugqibeleni, ukubeka ukubaluleka kumgangatho wokwakha kuphucula ukuthembeka nokusebenza kakuhle kwemisebenzi yakho yendlu yokugcina impahla.

Ukuphucula uLungelelwaniso lweWarehouse ukuze kube nokusebenza kakuhle kakhulu

Ukusebenza kakuhle kwesisombululo serekhi yendlu yokugcina impahla kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwindlela ecwangciswe kakuhle ngayo yonke indawo yokugcina impahla. Nenkqubo yerekhi ephucukileyo kakhulu ayizukubonelela ngeziphumo ezilungileyo ukuba ulungiselelo olubonakalayo lwee-aisles, ii-pallets, kunye nokuhamba kwezithuthi alufundwanga ngononophelo kwaye lwenzelwe ukusebenza kakuhle.

Ukwandisa umthamo wokugcina izinto kuqala ngokuvavanya ubukhulu kunye nemilo yendawo yokugcina izinto, kubandakanya ukuphakama kwesilingi, ukuthamba komgangatho, kunye nokubekwa kweentsika. Uyilo olucwangcisiweyo ngokufanelekileyo lunciphisa indawo echithwayo kwaye luvumela ukuhamba kwe-forklift okuthambileyo, kunciphisa ixesha lokuhamba kunye nokuxinana ngexesha lokuqokelela nokugcwalisa kwakhona.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe bububanzi beendlela. Iindlela ezimxinwa zivumela imiqolo emininzi yokurhangqa kwaye ngaloo ndlela kubekho uxinano olukhulu lokugcina, kodwa zifuna iiforklifts ezikhethekileyo ezimxinwa kwaye zinokunciphisa ukuhamba. Kwelinye icala, iindlela ezibanzi zibonelela ngokulula ngokufikelela nokhuseleko kodwa zinciphisa inani lilonke leendawo zepallet ezikhoyo. Ukulinganisa apha kubalulekile, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwezixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nobuninzi bezithuthi zeforklift.

Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuhamba kweempahla – ukungena, ukugcinwa, kunye nemisebenzi ephumayo kufuneka ilandele iipatheni ezinengqondo ezinciphisa ukuwela kwezithuthi kunye nemiqobo. Iimpawu ezisebenzayo kunye neendawo eziphawulwe ngokucacileyo ziphucula isantya kunye nokuchaneka kokufezekiswa kweodolo.

Ukubandakanya oomatshini abazisebenzelayo kunye netekhnoloji, njengeenkqubo zolawulo lweendawo zokugcina impahla (i-WMS) kunye nezixhobo zokuchonga ngokuzenzekelayo, kunokuphucula ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwendawo yokugcina izinto ngokubonelela ngedatha yexesha langempela kwiindawo zokugcina impahla kunye namanqanaba esitokhwe. Nangona olu tyalo-mali longeza kwiindleko zangaphambili, luphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye lunciphisa iimpazamo.

Lilonke, uyilo lwendlu yokugcina impahla olucingisiswe kakuhle luhambelana nesisombululo sakho sokurhangqa kwaye lunegalelo elikhulu kwimveliso yokusebenza kunye nokonga iindleko kulo lonke ixesha lendlu yokugcina impahla.

Iingqwalasela zeendleko ngaphaya kokuthenga kokuqala

Ukugxila kuphela kwixabiso lokuqala lokuthenga i-warehouse racking kudla ngokungayinaki inqwaba yeendleko eziqhubekayo ezinxulumene nokufakela, ukugcinwa, ukusebenza, kunye nokutshintshwa ekugqibeleni. Ukuze kubekho icebo lokugcina elilinganiselekileyo nelingabizi kakhulu, ezi zinto kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngononophelo.

Iindleko zokufakela ziyatshintshatshintsha ngokuxhomekeke kubunzima benkqubo yokurhangqa kunye nesidingo sokwenza ngokwezifiso. Iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo ezifana nokuhamba kwepallet okanye ukurhangqa i-push-back zifuna umsebenzi okhethekileyo kunye namaxesha amade okufakela, nto leyo enyusa iindleko. Ukongeza, indawo yokugcina impahla inokufuna utshintsho kwisakhiwo, njengokuqinisa umgangatho okanye ukulungisa izibane, nto leyo echaphazela ngakumbi utyalo-mali lulonke.

Ukugcinwa kwempahla yindleko eqhubekayo echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo imbuyekezo yexesha elide kutyalo-mali. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kubalulekile ukuze kuchongwe umonakalo, iibholiti ezikhululekileyo, okanye izinto ezigugileyo ukuze kugcinwe ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Abanye abavelisi banikezela ngeepakethe zokugcinwa kwempahla, ezinokuba zezona zingabizi kakhulu kunokulungisa izinto ngokungacwangciswanga. Ukungahoyi ukulungiswa kwempahla kunokukhokelela ekusileleni okukhulu, ekulahlekelweni yimpahla, kunye nexesha elibizayo lokungasebenzi.

Iindleko zemveliso zivela kwindlela i-racking enceda ngayo imisebenzi yokukhetha nokugcina izinto. Iinkqubo ezisebenzayo ngakumbi zinokunciphisa iiyure zomsebenzi, zinciphise amaxesha okucubungula ii-odolo, kwaye ziphucule ukuchaneka kwempahla. Olu longiso ludla ngokuthethelela utyalo-mali oluphezulu oluvela kwangaphambili.

Okokugqibela, cinga ngomjikelo wobomi kunye nexabiso lokusindisa inkqubo yokurhangqa. Ukurhangqa okuhlala ixesha elide nokuguquguqukayo kunokulungiswa kwakhona okanye kwandiswe njengoko iimfuno zendlu yokugcina impahla zitshintsha, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho ukulibaziseka kwemfuneko yokutshintshwa ngokupheleleyo. Kwelinye icala, iirakhi ezingabizi kakhulu zinokufuna ukutshintshwa kwangethuba, nto leyo enciphisa iindleko.

Xa kuvavanywa iindleko, kuyanceda ukwenza uhlalutyo lweendleko zobunini oluquka zonke iindleko kulo lonke ixesha lokusetyenziswa kwenkqubo. Le ndlela ibanzi iqinisekisa isigqibo esinolwazi olupheleleyo esihambelana neemfuno zohlahlo-lwabiwo mali kunye nokusebenza.

Ukudibanisa Iimpawu Zokhuseleko Ngaphandle Kokubeka Ibhajethi Esichengeni

Ukhuseleko lwendawo yokugcina izinto lubaluleke kakhulu kuyo nayiphi na isisombululo sokugcina izinto, kodwa kudla ngokubakho ukungavisisani phakathi kokusebenzisa amanyathelo okhuseleko apheleleyo kunye nokunamathela kwimida yohlahlo-lwabiwo mali. Ukulinganisela ezi zinto zibalulekileyo kufuna ucwangciso olucwangcisiweyo kunye nokubeka phambili izinto ezibalulekileyo zokhuseleko ezithintela iingozi kunye nokukhusela abasebenzi kunye neemveliso.

Iimpawu zokhuseleko eziqhelekileyo kwiinkqubo zokurhangqa ziquka izikhuseli zokuphela kwepaseji, izikhuseli zeekholamu, inethi yokhuseleko, kunye nezikhuseli zemitha. Ezi zinto zikhusela iirakhi kwimiba yeforklift, eziphakathi kwezona zinto zixhaphakileyo zengozi zempahla yokugcina impahla kunye nomonakalo wesakhiwo. Nangona ukongeza ezi zinto kunokunyusa iindleko zokuqala, iindleko azikho nzulu xa zithelekiswa neendleko ezinokubakho zokwenzakala, ukulahleka kwemveliso, okanye ukutshatyalaliswa kwemveliso.

Ukongeza ekukhuselekeni ngokomzimba, ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yokhuseleko lweshishini kunye noqeqesho olufanelekileyo lwabasebenzi kubalulekile. Abasebenzi kufuneka bafundiswe ngokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwefolokhwe, imida yomthwalo, kunye neenkqubo zengxelo zeerakhi ezonakeleyo. Ezi nkqubo zoqeqesho zinokuba neendleko eziphantsi kwaye zivelise uphuculo olulinganisekayo kukhuseleko lwendawo yokusebenza.

Itekhnoloji ikwadlala indima ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko. Iisensors, iikhamera, kunye nezilumkiso ezizenzekelayo zinokujonga iimeko zeerakhi kunye neentshukumo zeefolokhwe, zinceda ekuthinteleni ukungqubana kunye nokugqithisa kakhulu. Nangona izisombululo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu zifuna utyalo-mali, zinegalelo kwindawo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo nesebenzayo ngakumbi.

Ukusebenzisa amanyathelo okhuseleko ngononophelo kuqinisekisa ukuba imizamo yokonga iindleko ayibeki emngciphekweni impilo-ntle yabasebenzi okanye ukuthembeka kweempahla ezigciniweyo. Ukubeka phambili ukhuseleko ekugqibeleni kuxhasa uzinzo kunye nokuthembeka kwimisebenzi yokugcina impahla.

Ukuqukumbela, ukukhetha izisombululo ezifanelekileyo zokurhangqa impahla yokugcina impahla kubandakanya ulungelelwaniso oluhle phakathi kokusebenza kunye neendleko. Ngokuqonda ngokupheleleyo iintlobo zeenkqubo zokurhangqa ezikhoyo kunye nokuvavanya umgangatho kunye nokuqwalaselwa koyilo, amashishini anokuyila izisombululo zokugcina izinto eziphucula indawo kunye nemveliso. Ngaphezu koko, ukuqwalasela iindleko zizonke zobunini kunye nokhuseleko kuqinisekisa impumelelo yokusebenza ezinzileyo ngaphandle kwemithwalo yemali engalindelekanga.

Indlela ecwangcisiweyo ejonga iindleko ezikhawulezileyo kunye neenzuzo zexesha elide ivumela iinkampani ukuba zenze izigqibo ezinolwazi eziphakamisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweendawo zokugcina impahla kunye nokukhusela utyalo-mali. Olu lungelelwaniso lubalulekile ekugcineni ithuba lokukhuphisana kwimeko yanamhlanje enzima yothutho.