I-Warehouse Racking: Inceda Njani ukuSebenza ngokukhawuleza

Imisebenzi yesitora senza umqolo wemizi-mveliso emininzi, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iimveliso zihamba kakuhle ukusuka kubaboneleli ukuya kubathengi. Njengoko amashishini ekhula kwaye iimfuno zentengiso zisanda, ukuntsonkotha kokugcina, ukulawula, kunye nokuhambisa uluhlu lwempahla nako kuyenyuka. Oku kudla ngokuzisa imingeni efana nemiqobo yendawo, ukuzaliseka kocwangco olucothayo, kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle. Isisombululo esinye esiqinisekisiweyo amashishini athi aguqukela kuso kukuphunyezwa kweenkqubo ezisebenzayo zokurhwasha impahla. Ezi zakhiwo azikho nje izixhobo zokugcina; banamandla okwenza inguqu ekuphuculeni imisebenzi kunye nokuphucula imveliso ngokubanzi.

Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwe-warehouse racking kunokutshintsha umdlalo kulo naliphi na ishishini elixhomekeke kakhulu kulawulo lwempahla. Ukusuka kwiindawo zokugcina ezincinci ukuya kumaziko amakhulu okusasaza, iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokurhweba zinokuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwendawo, ukhuseleko olukhuselekileyo, iinkqubo zokukhawulezisa, kwaye ekugqibeleni zifake isandla ekwanelisekeni okuphezulu kwabathengi. Kweli nqaku, siza kugocagoca kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zokurhangqwa kwendawo yokugcina iimpahla kwaye sijonge ukuba isebenza njani njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo sokwenza umsebenzi wogcino.

Ukwandisa uSetyenziso lweNdawo ngokuRakhiwa kweWarehouse

Ubume bomda bendawo ebonakalayo kuyo nayiphi na indawo yokugcina impahla kunika umngeni oqhubekayo. Ukwandisa isakhiwo ngokwaso kudla ngokubiza imali eninzi yaye kudla ixesha. Iisistim zokurhangqa iWarehouse ziwulungisa lo mba ngokuthe ngqo ngokukhulisa indawo ethe nkqo nethe tyaba ngaphakathi kwendawo. Kunokuba usasaze uluhlu lwempahla ngokuthe tye ngaphaya komgangatho wendawo yokugcina impahla, irakhi ivumela ugcino oluthe nkqo olusebenzayo olukhulula indawo yomgangatho ofunekayo. Oku kukhokelela kwindawo enokusebenziseka ngakumbi enokuxhaswa kuluhlu lwempahla olongezelelweyo okanye iindlela zokuhamba komsebenzi eziphuculweyo.

Ii-racks eziphakamileyo kunye ne-pallet racking systems zithatha ithuba lokuphakama kwendawo yokugcina impahla, evumela ukuba uluhlu lwempahla lufakwe kwimigangatho efikeleleka lula nge-forklifts okanye iinkqubo zokukhetha ezizenzekelayo. Oku kwandisa umthamo wokugcina i-cubic ngaphandle kokuxinana kwendawo yokusebenza. Ngaphaya koko, ubume bemodyuli yeesistim ezininzi zokurhaxa zithetha ukuba zinokuhlengahlengiswa, zandiswe, okanye ziphinde ziqwalaselwe ukuze zivumelane nokutshintsha kweentlobo ze-inventri kunye nomthamo. Oku bhetyebhetye kuqinisekisa ukuba indawo ihlala isetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo njengoko iimfuno zeshishini ziguquka.

Ukongeza, ukubekwa okucwangcisiweyo kwe-racking kunokudala ii-aisles ezicacileyo eziququzelela ukuhamba kakuhle kwetrafikhi. Xa indawo ihlelwe ngokufanelekileyo, iyanciphisa ukuxinana kunye nomngcipheko weengozi, ukuphucula imigangatho yokhuseleko jikelele. Ukusetyenziswa kwesithuba esiphuculweyo ngokufakwa kwindawo yokugcina impahla linyathelo elisisiseko ekufezekiseni imisebenzi yesitora, enefuthe elithe ngqo kwimveliso kunye nokucutha iindleko.

Ukuphucula uLawulo lweMpahla kunye nokuFikelela

Ulawulo olululo lwempahla lusembindini wemisebenzi egudileyo yesitora. Ngaphandle kwenkqubo elungelelanisiweyo, iimveliso zinokuba nzima ukuzifumana, ezikhokelela ekulibazisekeni, kwiimpazamo, kunye nenkonzo engalunganga yabathengi. Iinkqubo zokurhwaphiliza kwindawo yokugcina iimpahla ziphucula ngokubonakalayo ukufikeleleka kwempahla ngokubeka ngokweendidi kunye nokwahlula isitokhwe ngendlela enengqiqo necwangcisiweyo.

Uyilo lwerakhi olwahlukeneyo lubonelela kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-inventri, nokuba ziipallets, izinto ezininzi, okanye iindawo ezincinci. Iipalethi ezikhethiweyo zeerakhi zibonelela ngokufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwipalethi nganye, ifanelekile kuluhlu lweemveliso ezahlukeneyo kunye namanqanaba esitokhwe aguqukayo. I-Drive-in racks, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yenzelwe ukugcinwa kwezinto ezininzi ezifanayo, ukwandisa indawo kodwa ukuncama ukufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwezinye iipalati. I-Push-back kunye ne-flow racks ivumela i-first-in-first-out (FIFO) okanye i-first-in-first-out-out-out (LIFO) ujikelezo lwe-inventory, ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni izinto ezitshabalalayo okanye iimveliso zokuthengisa.

Ngokusebenzisa ezi nkqubo zokurhaxa zikhethekileyo, iindawo zokugcina iimpahla zinokulinciphisa kakhulu ixesha elichithwe ukukhangela izinto, zinciphise iimpazamo zabantu, kwaye ziphucule ukuchaneka kokukhetha. Ukuleyibhelishwa okufanelekileyo kunye nokufakwa ngaphakathi kweerekhi nako kunegalelo ekuchongeni ngokukhawuleza kunye nokufunyanwa kwempahla. Ngaphezu koko, ukudibanisa irakhi kunye nesoftware yolawulo lwendawo yokugcina izinto (WMS) ibonelela ngokulandelwa kwempahla yexesha lokwenyani, ukomeleza ngakumbi ulawulo kunye nokungafihli kumanqanaba esitokhwe.

Ngokufikeleleka kwe-inventri ephuculweyo, ukuzaliseka kwe-odolo kuya kukhawuleza kwaye kuchaneke ngakumbi, okukhokelela ekwanelisekeni okungcono kwabathengi kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza, ukuqinisa indima ebalulekileyo ye-warehouse racking kwiinkqubo zokulungelelanisa.

Ukomeleza uKhuseleko kunye nokuNcitshiswa kweeNgozi zaseMsebenzini

Ukhuseleko yeyona nto ixhalabisayo kwindawo yokugcina izinto, apho izixhobo ezinzima zisebenza ecaleni kwempahla eninzi kunye ne-stacked. Ukugcinwa okungafanelekanga kunye neendawo ezixineneyo azigcini nje ukucothisa ukusebenza kodwa ziphinde zibe nemingcipheko ebalulekileyo kubasebenzi, kuquka ukuwa, ukungqubana kunye nokulimala okubangelwa zizinto eziwayo. Iinkqubo zokurhangqa iindawo zokugcina zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekudambiseni ezi ngozi kunye nokudala indawo yokusebenzela ekhuselekileyo.

Inkqubo yokukhwela eyilwe kakuhle iqinisekisa ukuba yonke i-inventri igcinwa ngokukhuselekileyo nangokucwangcisiweyo. IiRakhi zenzelwe ukujongana nemithwalo yobunzima obuthile, ukuthintela ukugcwala okunokukhokelela kukusilela kwesakhiwo okanye ukuwa. Ukongeza, ezi nkqubo zigcina imathiriyeli zingekho emhlabeni, zinciphisa iingozi zokukhubeka kwaye zenza kube lula ukucocwa kunye nokugcinwa. Iimpawu zokhuseleko ezifana nezikhuseli ze-beam, iikholam zoonogada, kunye nenethi zinokudityaniswa kufakelo lwerakhi ukubonelela ngemiqobo eyongezelelekileyo ebonakalayo ngokuchasene neengozi.

Ngaphaya koko, iindlela ezicacileyo ezidalwe yi-racking elungelelanisiweyo ziququzelela ukuhamba okukhuselekileyo kweeforklifts kunye nabacholi bezandla. Oku kucaca kwendawo kunceda ukuphepha iingozi ezibangelwa amabala angaboniyo okanye imiqobo engalindelekanga. Abasebenzi boqeqesho malunga nendlela yokunxibelelana ngokufanelekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokurhweba, kubandakanywa ukulayisha okukhuselekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokubuyisela, kubaluleke ngokulinganayo.

Utyalo-mali kwi-racking eqinileyo yesitora akuzisi nje ukuthotyelwa ngokwemigaqo yemigangatho yokhuseleko emsebenzini kodwa ikwakhuthaza inkcubeko yokhuseleko nokusebenza kakuhle. Amazinga acuthiweyo eengozi aguqulela kwixesha elincitshisiweyo lokungasebenzi kunye namabango ambalwa embuyekezo yabasebenzi, ekugqibeleni aphucula imisebenzi ngokugxila kwintlalontle yabasebenzi.

Ukuququzelela ukuSebenza kunye noManyano lweTekhnoloji

Ukunyuka kwe-automation kunye nobuchwepheshe be-smart lwenza utshintsho kulawulo lwesitora. Ukugcinwa ngokuzenzekelayo kunye neenkqubo zokubuyisela (AS / RS), abakhethi be-robotic, kunye neenkqubo zokuhambisa zixhaphake kakhulu, zivumela ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza, okuthembekileyo, kunye neendleko. I-Warehouse racking yeyona nto ibalulekileyo eyenza ezi teknoloji, ibonelele ngesakhelo sesakhiwo esiyimfuneko ukuxhasa izisombululo ezizihambelayo ezizenzekelayo.

Iintlobo ezithile ze-racking, ezifana ne-flow racks kunye ne-aisle racks, zenzelwe ngokukodwa ukulungiselela i-automated guided vehicles (AGVs) kunye neenkqubo zerobhothi. Ezi rakhi ziqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zigcinwa kwindawo efanelekileyo kwaye zifikeleleka lula ngoomatshini abacwangciselwe ukuvunwa kunye nokuzaliswa kwakhona. Ukudityaniswa kunye nezinzwa, iithegi zeRFID, kunye nesoftware yolawulo lwendawo yokugcina impahla yenza inkqubo engenamthungo apho uluhlu lwempahla luhamba ngekhonkco lokubonelela ngongenelelo oluncinci lomntu.

I-automation ayikhawulezi nje kuphela iinkqubo kodwa inciphisa ukubakho kwempazamo yomntu, okukhokelela ekuchanekeni okuphezulu kunye nolawulo olungcono lwe-inventri. Ukukhetha ngokuzenzekelayo kunciphisa ubunzima bomzimba kubasebenzi, kubavumela ukuba bagxile kwiindima zokongamela okanye eminye imisebenzi eyongeziweyo. Ngaphaya koko, iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo ezidityaniswe ne-racking eguquguqukayo yendawo yokugcina izinto iququzelela ukubaleka, ukunceda amashishini aphendule ngokukhawuleza kumaxesha afunwayo aphezulu okanye utshintsho kwiiprofayili ze-inventri.

Ngokuyila i-racking ye-arehouse kunye ne-automation engqondweni, iinkampani zizibeka ukuba zithathe ithuba elipheleleyo kwizinto ezintsha zetekhnoloji, ziphucula ukuhamba komsebenzi ngelixa zigcina ukuguquguquka.

Ukuphucula iNdlela yokuSebenza ngokuLungileyo kunye nokuNcitshiswa kweendleko zokuSebenza

Iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zokurhwasha impahla zinegalelo ngokuthe ngqo ekuqhubeni kakuhle komsebenzi kunye nokonga iindleko kuyo yonke imisebenzi yendawo yokugcina. Iinkqubo ezilungelelanisiweyo ziqala ngokugcinwa okucwangcisiweyo okuvumela abakhi kunye neeforklifts ukuba bahambe kwindawo yokugcina impahla ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngaphandle kokubuyisela umva okanye ukuxinana ngokungeyomfuneko. Uyilo lwerakhi olucwangciswe ngokufanelekileyo lukwanceda ukwahlula uluhlu lwempahla ngohlobo lwemveliso, ukuphindaphindwa kweodolo, okanye iishedyuli zokuthumela, ngakumbi ukomeleza ukusebenza kakuhle.

Xa abasebenzi benokubuyisa ngokukhawuleza kwaye bazalise isitokhwe, amaxesha okulungiswa kweodolo ayaphucuka, ukunceda ukuhlangabezana nemihla ebekiweyo yokuhanjiswa kunye nokunyusa ukwaneliseka kwabathengi. Ukongeza, amaxesha ancitshisiweyo angasebenziyo kwizixhobo zokuphatha izinto zandisa ubomi bazo kunye neemfuno ezisezantsi zokulondolozwa. Ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwendawo kuthetha ukuba amashishini anokukuphepha ukwanda kweendleko okanye ukurenta iindawo zokugcina ezongezelelekileyo, oko kube negalelo lokonga imali.

Iindleko ezinxulumene neempazamo kunye nomonakalo nazo ziyehla. I-racking ecwangcisiweyo inciphisa umonakalo wemveliso ngokuthintela ukupakishwa okungafanelekanga okanye ukuphatha, ngelixa ukuchaneka okuphuculweyo ekukhetheni kunye nokuzaliswa kwakhona kunciphisa imbuyekezo kunye nokusebenza kwakhona. Ngaphezu koko, iindawo zokugcina zixhamla kulawulo lwabasebenzi olulungelelanisiweyo, njengoko ukuhamba komsebenzi okungaguqukiyo kuvumela abasebenzi abangcono kunye nokucwangciswa.

Utyalo-mali kwisistim sokurhweba kwindawo yokugcina iimpahla ayikokugcina nje iimveliso; lukhetho olucwangcisiweyo oluqhuba ukugqwesa kokusebenza kunye nokusebenza kwemali. Ngokukhuthaza ukuhamba komsebenzi okusebenzayo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko ezichithwayo, iinkqubo zokurhweba zixhasa ngokusisiseko ukukhula kweshishini kunye nokukhuphisana.

Ukuqukumbela, ukubekwa kwe-warehouse kungaphezulu nje kokubeka iishelufu; sisibonelelo esibalulekileyo esiqhuba ukusebenza kakuhle kwiinkalo ezininzi zolawulo lwesitora. Ukusuka ekwandiseni ukusetyenziswa kwendawo kunye nokuphucula ukufikeleleka kwe-inventri ekwandiseni ukhuseleko, ukwenza i-automation, kunye nokuxhasa ukuhamba komsebenzi okusebenzayo, i-racking yesitora idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni imisebenzi. Kumashishini ajolise ekwandiseni ikhonkco lawo lokubonelela, utyalo-mali kwinkqubo yokurakhi eyilwe kakuhle neguquguqukayo ibalulekile.

Njengoko iindawo zokugcina iimpahla zijongene neemfuno ezandayo zesantya, ukuchaneka, kunye nokuguquguquka, ukubaluleka kwezisombululo ezisebenzayo zokukrala kuya kukhula kuphela. Ukwamkela ezi nkqubo kunokuguqulela kwiinzuzo ezibonakalayo ezifana neendleko ezincitshisiweyo, ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo, kunye nokwaneliseka okuphezulu kwabathengi. Ekugqibeleni, i-racking yendawo yokugcina impahla ixhobisa amashishini ukuba alawule uluhlu lwempahla ngobuchule kwaye asebenze kancinci, evula indlela yempumelelo ezinzileyo kukhuphiswano lwentengiso.