Izisombululo eziPhezulu zoGcino lweWarehousing zoLawulo oluFanelekileyo lokuNikezela

Kwimakethi yehlabathi ekhawulezayo yanamhlanje, ukusebenza kakuhle kolawulo lwekhonkco lonikezelo kunokwenza okanye kwaphule umda wokhuphiswano lwenkampani. Izisombululo zokugcina iimpahla zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iimveliso zihamba kakuhle ukusuka kubaboneleli ukuya kubathengi ngaphandle kokulibaziseka okungeyomfuneko okanye iindleko. Njengoko isikali samashishini kunye neemfuno zabathengi zivela, ukwamkela iindlela eziphucukileyo nezisebenzayo zokugcina iimpahla kuba yimfuneko ekuluphuculeni ulawulo lwempahla, ukunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza, kunye nokuphucula imveliso iyonke.

Ubume bogcino buhlala buguquka ngokudityaniswa kobuchwepheshe kunye neendlela ezintsha zokugcina. Iinkampani ezenza utyalo-mali kwizisombululo ezifanelekileyo zokugcina iimpahla aziphuculi kuphela ukusabela kwazo kwikhonkco lokubonelela kodwa zikwavula indlela yokukhula okuzinzileyo. Eli nqaku liphonononga ezona zisombululo zogcino olusebenzayo ezinokuthi zincede amashishini alungelelanise imisebenzi yawo yekhonkco lokubonelela kunye nokugcina ukuhamba ngokungenamthungo kwempahla.

Ugcino oluzenzekelayo kunye neNkqubo yokuFumana (AS/RS)

IiNkqubo zokuZigcina ngokuzenzekela kunye nokuBuyisa (AS/RS) ziguqule iindlela zokugcina iimpahla ezisebenza ngokuzisa ukuchaneka, isantya, kunye nokuchaneka kulawulo lwempahla. Ezi sistim zibandakanya itekhnoloji ephucukileyo efana neenkqubo ezilawulwa yikhompyuter, iingalo zerobhothi, abahambisi, kunye neecranes ezipakishiweyo zokubeka ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye zibuyise iimpahla ngaphakathi kwendawo yokugcina impahla. Olona ncedo luphambili lwe-AS/RS kukukwazi ukukhulisa ubuninzi bogcino ngelixa unciphisa unyawo lwendawo yokugcina impahla.

I-AS / RS yenza ukuba iindawo zokugcina iimpahla zisebenze ngokungenelela okuncinci komntu, ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo iindleko zabasebenzi kunye nomngcipheko weempazamo zabantu ezinxulumene nokuphathwa ngesandla. Iisistim ziphucula ukuchaneka komyalelo ngokubalulekileyo, okubaluleke kakhulu kumashishini afana ne-e-commerce kunye namayeza apho ukuchaneka kubalulekile. Ngaphezu koko, isantya se-AS/RS siqinisekisa amaxesha okutshintsha akhawulezayo, okwenza ukuba iindawo zokugcina zizalisekise iiodolo ngokukhawuleza kwaye ziphendule ngokuguqukayo kwiimfuno zentengiso.

Enye into ebalulekileyo kwiisistim ezizisebenzelayo kukuhambelana kwazo nesoftware yolawulo lwesitora (WMS) kunye neenkqubo zocwangciso lweshishini (ERP). Ukudityaniswa nala maqonga kuvumela ukulandelwa kwempahla yexesha langempela, ukubonelela ngokubonakalayo okuchanekileyo kwamanqanaba esitokhwe kunye neendawo. Oku kubonakala kuxabiseke kakhulu kubaphathi bekhonkco lokubonelela abajonge ukwandisa uluhlu lwe-inventri, ukunciphisa ukuphela kwamasheya, kunye nokunciphisa ubuninzi obugqithisileyo.

Nangona ixabiso lokuqala lokuphumeza i-AS / RS ingaba phezulu, iinzuzo zexesha elide ziquka ukugcinwa okubalulekileyo kokusebenza kunye nokunyuka kwemveliso. Ukongeza, ezi nkqubo zongeza ukhuseleko emsebenzini ngokunciphisa uxinzelelo lomzimba kubasebenzi kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko onxulumene neempazamo zabantu. Lilonke, i-AS/RS ime njengelitye lembombo kwizisombululo zale mihla zokugcina ezikhuthaza ulawulo olululo lwekhonkco lonikezelo.

Izisombululo zokuGcinwa koXolo oluPhezulu

Izisombululo zogcino olunoxinano oluphezulu ziyilelwe ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwendawo yokugcina kwaye ziluncedo ngakumbi kumaziko ajongene nemiqobo yendawo encinci. Ezi zisombululo zibandakanya iinkqubo zokupakisha i-pallet ezifana ne-drive-in racks, i-push-back racks, kunye ne-pallet flow systems, ezenza amandla okugcina amakhulu ngokucwangcisa iipallets okanye iimpahla.

I-Racks-in racks ivumela i-forklifts ukuba ingene kwiindlela zokugcina kwaye ibeke iipallet enye emva komnye, ukunciphisa ii-aisles kunye nokuphucula ubuninzi bokugcina. Iiracks ezityhalwa ngasemva zisebenzisa iinqwelo ezityibilika kwiireyile ezithe tye, ezivumela iipalethi ukuba zigcinwe ubunzulu abaninzi. Iinkqubo zokuqukuqela kwePallet zisebenzisa iirola womxhuzulane ukuhambisa iipalethi ukusuka ekupheleni kokulayisha ukuya ekupheleni kokuchola, ukulungelelanisa inkqubo yokukhetha.

Olona ncedo luphambili logcino olunoxinano oluphezulu kukunyuka okubalulekileyo komthamo wogcino ngaphakathi kwesikwere esixeliweyo, esikhokelela ekongiweni kweendleko ngokulibazisa okanye ngokuthintela ukwandiswa kwendawo yokugcina impahla. Iinkampani zinokugcina uluhlu oluninzi kunye neepaseji ezimbalwa, okwenza kube lula ukulawula izinto ezininzi okanye iimveliso ezifanayo ngobungakanani obukhulu.

Nangona kunjalo, izisombululo zokugcina ubuninzi obuphezulu zisebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-last-in, first-out (LIFO) okanye i-first-in, i-FILO) isiseko, esinokuthi singafaneleki kuzo zonke iintlobo ze-inventory. Ke ngoko, uvavanyo olucokisekileyo lwamazinga okuthengiswa kwempahla kunye nobomi beshelufu bemveliso buyimfuneko ngaphambi kokukhetha ezi zisombululo. Ngokudibanisa ingxinano yogcino kunye neendlela ezifanelekileyo zokulawula uluhlu lwempahla, amashishini anokuphucula kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwendawo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle ngaphakathi kwiindawo zabo zokugcina.

I-Modular Shelving kunye nemigangatho yeMezzanine

Iinkqubo zeeshelufu zemodyuli kunye nemigangatho ye-mezzanine ibonelela ngeendlela eziguquguqukayo nezinokwehla kwiindawo zokugcina iimpahla ezijolise ekwandiseni indawo ethe nkqo. Ishelufu yemodyuli ibandakanya iiyunithi zeeshelufu ezilungelelanisiweyo ezinokuthi zilungelelaniswe ukulungiselela ubungakanani bemveliso eyahlukeneyo kunye nobunzima bobunzima. Ukuguquguquka kwazo kuzenza zilungele ukugcina iinxalenye ezincinci, izixhobo, okanye iimpahla ezipakishweyo kwiindawo zokugcina apho umthamo othe nkqo wogcino uhlala usetyenziswa kancinci.

Imigangatho ye-Mezzanine yizakhiwo zomgangatho ophakathi ezifakwe phakathi kwemigangatho engundoqo yendawo yokugcina impahla, ngokufanelekileyo ukuphindaphinda imifanekiso yesikwere esisebenzisekayo ngaphandle kweendleko zomhlaba ezongezelelweyo. Ezi zakhiwo zibonelela ngogcino olongezelelweyo okanye indawo yokusebenzela kwaye inokwenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza ezinje ngokukhethwa kwe-inventri, ukupakishwa, okanye indawo yeofisi.

Ukudityaniswa kweemodyuli zeshelufu kunye nemigangatho ye-mezzanine kwandisa unyawo oluthe nkqo lwendawo yokugcina iimpahla, ngokuqhelekileyo inikezela ngeyona ndlela ingabiziyo kakhulu yokwandisa indawo yokugcina okanye ukufuduswa kwenye indawo. Ngaphezu koko, iiyunithi zeeshelufu zeemodyuli zinokuphinda ziqwalaselwe okanye zifuduswe ngokulula, zivumela ukuguquguquka njengeentlobo ze-inventri kunye notshintsho lwevolumu.

Ukuphumeza ezi zisombululo zokugcina kufuna ukucwangciswa ngokucophelela ngokubhekiselele kwizakhono zokuthwala umthwalo kunye nemimiselo yokhuseleko. Imigangatho ye-Mezzanine kufuneka ihambelane neekhowudi zokwakha, kwaye iiyunithi zeeshelufu kufuneka ziboshwe ngokukhuselekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomsebenzi. Xa zidityaniswe nokuhamba komsebenzi wogcino-mpahla kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwempahla, ezi zisombululo zenza ukuba iindawo zokugcina izinto zibe zicwangciswe ngakumbi kwaye zibe nemveliso, zixhasa ukuzaliseka komyalelo okhawulezayo kunye nokufikelela ngokufanelekileyo kuluhlu lwempahla.

UGcino oluBanda kunye neNdawo yokuGcina eLawulwa yiMozulu

Amashishini athile, afana nokutya kunye namayeza, afuna ulawulo olungqongqo lobushushu kunye nokufuma phakathi kweendawo zabo zokugcina. Ukugcinwa okubandayo kunye nezisombululo zokugcina izinto ezilawulwa yimozulu ziyimfuneko ekugcineni umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokhuseleko kulo lonke ikhonkco lokubonelela.

Izisombululo zokugcina izinto ezibandayo ziquka iindawo zokugcina iimpahla ezikhenkcezisiweyo, amagumbi okugcina angumkhenkce, kunye nezikhenkcezisi ezikhethekileyo eziyilelwe ukugcina amaqondo obushushu asezantsi angaguqukiyo. Ezi ndawo zisebenzisa izixhobo zokugquma ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nezixhobo zokupholisa ezifana nezikhenkcezisi kunye neecompressor ukulawula ubushushu ngokuchanekileyo. Indawo yokugcina impahla elawulwa yimozulu yanda ngaphaya kweqondo lobushushu ukuze ilawule ukufuma, umgangatho womoya, kunye nokucoceka, iqinisekisa ezona meko zilungileyo zokugcinwa kweemveliso ezinovakalelo ezifana nombane, iikhemikhali, kunye nezixhobo zonyango.

Izibonelelo zokugcinwa okubandayo kunye nokulawulwa kwemozulu zininzi. Banqanda ukonakaliswa kwemveliso, bandise ubomi beshelufu, kwaye bathobele iimfuno zolawulo ezibalulekileyo kwamanye amashishini. Ukongezelela, ezi zisombululo zokugcina zifaka isandla ekunciphiseni inkunkuma, inkalo ebalulekileyo yolawulo lokubonelela ngokuzinzileyo.

Utyalo-mali kugcino olulawulwa yimozulu lubandakanya iindleko eziphezulu zokusebenza ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo zokupholisa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuthomalaliswa komngcipheko kunye neenzuzo zoqinisekiso lomgangatho zihlala zizodlula ezi ndleko, ngakumbi kumashishini aphatha impahla etshabalalayo okanye ebuthathaka.

Amaziko ogcino abandayo nawo amkela ngakumbi itekhnoloji efana ne-IoT sensors kunye neenkqubo zokubeka iliso ezizenzekelayo. Ezi zinto zintsha zibonelela ngedatha yexesha langempela kumanqanaba obushushu kunye nokufuma, okwenza iimpendulo ezisebenzayo kwiintsilelo zezixhobo okanye ukuguquguquka kokusingqongileyo. Ulawulo olululo kunye nokudibanisa izisombululo ezilawulwa yimozulu kwisiqinisekiso sokubonelela ukuba iimveliso zifikelela kubathengi bekwimeko efanelekileyo, ukunyusa igama le-brand kunye nokwaneliseka kwabathengi.

IiNkqubo zoLawulo lweWarehouse (WMS) kunye noManyano lweTekhnoloji

Intliziyo yogcino olusebenzayo lulele ekudityanisweni kweenkqubo zolawulo lwe-warehouse (WMS) kunye nezinye izixhobo zobuchwepheshe. I-WMS yinkqubo yekhompyutha ephucukileyo eyilelwe ukulawula kunye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwendawo yokugcina impahla kuquka ukulandelwa kwe-inventri, ukuchongwa kwee-odolo, ukuzaliswa kwakhona, kunye nokuthumela ngenqanawa.

Iiplatifti ze-WMS zibonelela ngokubonakala kwedatha yexesha langempela, evumela abaphathi be-warehouse ukuba benze izigqibo eziqhutywa yidatha ukuphucula imveliso. Iimpawu ezifana ne-barcode scanning, i-RFID yokulandelela, kunye ne-automated reportline operations ngokunciphisa iimpazamo zokungeniswa kwedatha kunye nokukhawulezisa ukusetyenzwa kwe-inventri. Ezi nkqubo zinokulungelelaniswa ukuxhasa amakhonkco obonelelo antsonkothileyo kunye nohlengahlengiso olwahlukeneyo lwesitora.

Xa zidityaniswe nobunye ubugcisa obufana neerobhothi, abahambisi abazenzekelayo, kunye nezinzwa ze-IoT, i-WMS iququzelela ulungelelwaniso olungenamthungo lwemisebenzi yesitora. Umzekelo, ukudityaniswa neenkqubo zokuchola iirobhothi zenza ukuba kuzaliseke ulandelelwano olukhawulezayo nangokuchanekileyo ngaphandle kokunyusa iindleko zabasebenzi. Okwangoku, iinethiwekhi ze-sensor ye-IoT zinokuzisa uhlaziyo oluqhubekayo kwimpilo yezixhobo kunye neemeko ze-inventri, ukuvumela ukugcinwa kothintelo kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla.

Ukwamkelwa kwezisombululo ze-WMS ezisekelwe kwifu yindlela ekhulayo njengoko ibonelela ngokulinganisa, ukufikelela kude, kunye nokunciphisa i-IT ngaphezulu. Iinkqubo zamafu zenza abathathi-nxaxheba abaninzi kulo lonke ikhonkco lokubonelela ukufikelela kwidatha ebalulekileyo yokugcina impahla, ukuphucula intsebenziswano kunye nokungafihli.

Ukuphumeza iWMS kufuna utyalo-mali lokuqala kwisoftware, ihardware, kunye noqeqesho lwabasebenzi. Nangona kunjalo, izibonelelo zexesha elide ziquka ukuphuculwa kokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, iimpazamo ezincitshisiweyo, kunye nenkonzo engcono yabathengi. Njengoko ikhonkco lokubonelela lisiya lisiba nzima ngakumbi, i-WMS kunye nokudityaniswa kwetekhnoloji kuhlala zizixhobo eziyimfuneko kugcino oluzama ukugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nenzuzo yokhuphiswano.

Ukuqukumbela, izisombululo ezifanelekileyo zokugcina iimpahla zisisiseko ekufezekiseni ulawulo lonikezelo olusebenzayo noluphendulayo. Iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo ezifana ne-AS / RS ziphucula ukuchaneka kunye nesantya, ngelixa izisombululo zokugcina ezixineneyo ziphakamisa ukusetyenziswa kwendawo. Imigangatho yeshelufu yemodyuli kunye ne-mezzanine ibonelela ngeendlela ezikhawulezayo zokwandisa indawo ethe nkqo, kunye neendawo zokugcina iimpahla ezilawulwa yimozulu ziqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwempahla ebuthathaka. Eyona nto iphambili, ukudityaniswa kwethekhnoloji ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zolawulo lwendawo yokugcina izinto eziphucukileyo zixhobisa ukusebenza ngedatha yexesha langempela kunye nobuchule bokuzenzekelayo, ukuqinisa iindawo zokugcina njengempahla yeqhinga kwikhonkco lokubonelela.

Ngokuvavanya ngononophelo iimfuno zokusebenza kunye nokutyalomali kwizisombululo zokugcina ezilungiselelweyo, amashishini anokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko, aphucule isantya sokuzaliseka komyalelo, kunye nokwandisa ukomelela kwekhonkco lokubonelela. Njengoko iimarike ziguquka kwaye ulindelo lwabathengi lukhula, ukwamkela olu tshintsho lwendawo yokugcina impahla kuya kubeka iinkampani ukuba zigqwese kwimekobume yorhwebo yanamhlanje.