I-Warehouse Shelving: Izici Ezibalulekile Zesitoreji Esiphephile Nesisebenzayo

Ezweni elisheshayo lokuphathwa kwempahla nokuphathwa kwempahla, ukuba neshede ehlelwe kahle kubaluleke kakhulu empumelelweni. Umgogodla wanoma iyiphi inqolobane esebenza kahle ilele ohlelweni lwayo lwamashalofu. Iyunithi yokubeka amasheluvu eklanywe kahle futhi efakwe yenza okungaphezu nje kokubamba imikhiqizo; iqinisekisa ukuphepha, yandisa ukusetshenziswa kwendawo, futhi yenza kube lula ukuhamba komsebenzi wabo bonke abasebenzi bendawo yokugcina izinto. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unebhizinisi elincane noma isikhungo esikhulu sokusabalalisa, ukuqonda izici ezibalulekile zokubeka amashelufu e-warehouse kubalulekile ekugcineni uhlelo lokugcina oluqinile.

Ukukhetha uhlelo olufanele lokubeka amashelufu kungaphezu nje kokupakisha izimpahla. Kubandakanya ukuhlola izidingo eziyingqayizivele zebhizinisi lakho, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimpahla ziyafinyeleleka kodwa zivikelekile, nokudala indawo ekhuthaza ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle. Lesi sihloko sihlola izici ezibalulekile zamashalofu e-warehouse ezenza isitoreji esiphephile nesisebenzayo. Kusukela ekukhathazeni okubalulekile kuye ekuzivumelaniseni nezimo kanye nokucatshangelwa kwedizayini okuphelele, isici ngasinye sizodingidwa kabanzi ukuze sikusize wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokusethwa kwendawo yakho yokugcina impahla.

Ukuqina kanye Nekhwalithi Yento

Lapho ukhetha amashelufu e-warehouse, ukuqina kuyinto ehamba phambili. Ukubeka amashelufu esitolo kufanele kumelane novivinyo lwesikhathi, kusingathwe imithwalo esindayo usuku nosuku ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ubuqotho besakhiwo. Lokhu kuqina kuncike kakhulu ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo kanye nekhwalithi yokwakha yamayunithi amashelufu.

Imvamisa, ishelufu ye-warehouse yenziwa ngensimbi esindayo ngenxa yamandla ayo nokuqina. Insimbi ingathwala isisindo esikhulu, iyenze ilungele izinto ezinkulu nezisindayo. Iziphetho ezimbozwe ngempushana zivame ukusetshenziswa kumashalofu ensimbi ukuze zimelane nokugqwala nokuguga, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezithanda umswakama noma amazinga okushisa aguquguqukayo. I-coating ayigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa impilo ende kodwa futhi isekela ukuhlanzwa nokugcinwa okulula.

Ngokuphambene, ezinye izindawo zokugcina impahla zingasebenzisa amasheluvu enziwe ngokhuni, ikakhulukazi ezintweni ezilula noma ezilungiselelweni lapho ukubukeka kwensimbi okumboni kungafunwa. Kodwa-ke, izinkuni ngokuvamile zidinga ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kakhulu futhi zisengozini yokulimala ngenxa yomthelela, umswakama kanye nezinambuzane. Lokhu kungaholela ezindlekweni eziphakeme kanye nesikhathi sokuphumula esingaba khona uma kudingeka ukulungiswa.

Enye inketho ethandwa kakhulu i-wire shelving. Lawa mayunithi ngokuvamile enziwe ngensimbi, enikeza umoya omuhle kakhulu nokubonakala kwezinto ezigciniwe. Ukufakwa kwamashalofu ngezintambo kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi ezimpahleni ezibolayo noma ezidinga ukujikeleza komoya ukuze kuvinjelwe isikhunta noma iphunga. Noma kunjalo, amashalofu ezintambo angase angakwazi ukuthwala imithwalo esindayo ngokwedlulele njengezinketho zensimbi eqinile.

Kuyo yonke indawo yokugcina impahla, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amashalofu aklanywa futhi aklanywa ngokwamandla okulayisha adingekayo. Ukubeka amashelufu kufanele kuhlolwe izilinganiso zesisindo futhi kukalwe ngendlela efanele, njengoba ukusebenzisa kabi noma ukulayishwa ngokweqile kungaholela ekuhlulekeni okuyinhlekelele. Ukwengeza, amashelufu esindayo ngokuvamile afaka imishayo eqinisiwe nama-crossbar, ukusimamisa isakhiwo nokuvimbela ukugoba noma ukugoqa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Okokugcina, ukuqina kudlulela ngale kweshelufu elilodwa noma i-rack. Amasistimu okubhowula, amalunga, nezisekelo kufanele ziqine futhi zivikeleke. Ikhwalithi ephezulu yokushisela nobunjiniyela obunembayo buvumela amayunithi amashelufu ukuthi ahlale ezinzile futhi ephephile phakathi nokusebenza kwansuku zonke, ngisho noma abasebenzi belayisha noma behlisa ngesivinini. Ukutshala imali ezintweni zokwakha ezisezingeni eliphezulu ekugcineni kunciphisa ingcuphe yezingozi futhi kunciphisa isidingo sokushintshwa noma ukulungiswa njalo, okwenza ukuqina kube yitshe legumbi lokubeka amashelufu aphephile futhi asebenzayo.

Ukuguquguquka kanye ne-Modular Design

Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zokubeka amashelufu e-warehouse yesimanje ukulungiswa. Ama-warehouse ahlangabezana nokushintshashintsha njalo-ezinhlotsheni ze-inventory, osayizi, amafomethi, kanye nenani-ngakho ukuguquguquka ekwakhiweni kwamashalofu kubalulekile ukubhekana nalawa mandla. Amasistimu amashelufu alungisekayo amukela lezi ziguquko ngaphandle kwesidingo sokushintshwa ebizayo noma okuphazamisayo.

Amayunithi amashelufu e-modular aklanywe ngezingxenye ezimisiwe ezingahlanganiswa, zihlakazwe, noma ziphinde zimiswe kalula. Le modularity inika amandla abaphathi bezindlu zokugcina izinto ngokwezifiso izixazululo ngokwezidingo zamanje. Isibonelo, amashalofu angaphakanyiswa noma ehliswe ukuze alingane namabhokisi amade, noma amaleveli engeziwe angengezwa ukuze kukhuliswe ukusetshenziswa kwesikhala esime mpo.

Amasheluvu alungisekayo ngokuvamile ahlanganisa i-slot noma amasistimu wokunamathisela lapho imishayo namashalofu asekela khona ukushintshela endaweni ezindaweni eziphakeme ezihlukahlukene. Lesi sici sivumela abasebenzi bendlu yezimpahla ukuthi bahlele kabusha izakhiwo zamashalofu ngaphandle kwesidingo samathuluzi akhethekile noma ubuchwepheshe, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula nezindleko zomsebenzi. Njengoba uhlu lwakho lwamagama lushintsha ngesizini noma ngokuya ngokuguquguquka kwesidingo, lokhu kuzivumelanisa nezimo kuba inzuzo ebalulekile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasistimu e-modular akhokhela ukukala. Uma ibhizinisi linweba noma lihlukanisa imigqa yomkhiqizo, amayunithi amashelufu engeziwe angahlanganiswa ngaphandle komthungo, kugcinwe isisombululo sokulondoloza esihlangene nesisebenzayo. Amanye amasistimu aze avumele ukuguqulwa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zamashalofu, njengokusuka kusheluvu amile ukuya kuma-flow racks, okusiza ukuthuthukisa izinqubo zokukha.

Ikhono lokwenza ngendlela oyifisayo indawo yokubeka amashelufu futhi lithuthukisa ukuvikelwa komkhiqizo nokunemba kokuhleleka. Amashalofu alungiswe kahle asekela ukupakishwa okuphephile futhi avimbele ukulimala komkhiqizo. Izinto zingahlelwa ngokunengqondo, kuncishiswe ukungahambi kahle futhi kusheshiswe ukugcwaliseka kwe-oda.

Ngaphandle kwezinzuzo zokusebenza ezisheshayo, ukubeka amashelufu okulungiswayo kunomthelela ekuphathweni okungcono kwesikhala ngaphakathi kwendawo yokugcina izinto. Isibonelo, ophahleni lwezindlu zokugcina impahla bavamise ukungasetshenziswa indawo eqondile. Amashalofu alungisekayo avumela ama-racks ukuthi andelwe phezulu lapho kunokwenzeka, akhulise umthamo we-cubic storage.

Okokugcina, indlela ye-modular nayo ihambisana nemvelo. Esikhundleni sokuchitha noma ukushintsha amayunithi amashalofu lapho izidingo zishintsha, shintsha futhi usebenzise izingxenye ezikhona. Lokhu kunciphisa udoti futhi kwehlisa izindleko zizonke zokugcina ingqalasizinda yokugcina.

Kafushane, ukubeka amasheluvu okulungisekayo kanye ne-modular kuhlanganisa ukuguquguquka, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko, kukwenze kube isici esibalulekile kunoma iyiphi inqolobane ezinikele ekugcinweni okuphephile nangempumelelo.

Izici Zokuphepha Nokuhambisana

Ukuphepha kumashelufu e-warehouse kubalulekile. Ama-warehouses avame ukubhekana nezimpahla ezisindayo, ezinkulu kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokusebenza, okwandisa ubungozi bezingozi. Amashelufu asebenzayo kufanele ahlanganise izici zokuphepha ezivikela abasebenzi, imikhiqizo, nengqalasizinda yempahla.

Okokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu, ukubeka amashelufu kufanele kuhambisane namazinga nemithethonqubo yokuphepha embonini. Ngokuya ngendawo yendawo kanye nomkhakha wokugcinwa kwempahla, imihlahlandlela ebekwe izinhlangano ezifana ne-OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) noma iziphathimandla zendawo zinquma izimfuneko ezithile eziphathelene nokwakheka kwamashalofu, isilinganiso somthwalo, kanye nokufakwa. Ukuthobela umthetho akuyona inketho; kungasho umehluko phakathi kwendawo yokusebenza ephephile kanye nokwephulwa kwezindleko.

Ukuzinza kwesakhiwo kuyisisekelo sokuphepha. Amashelufu amasistimu kufanele aboshwe ngokuvikelekile phansi noma ezindongeni ukuvimbela ukugoqa. Ama-racks amaningi e-warehouse ahlanganisa izindlela zokukhiya zokuphepha ukuvimbela imishayo ukuthi ingasheleli ngaphansi komthwalo. Ukuzamazama komhlaba kubalulekile futhi ezindaweni ezijwayele ukuzamazama ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ishelufu ihlala iqondile ngesikhathi sokuzamazama.

Imikhawulo yokulayisha kufanele imakwe ngokucacile eshalofini ngalinye noma endaweni yokubeka. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi abasebenzi be-warehouse bayawazi amandla esisindo esiphezulu, okunciphisa ubungozi bokulayisha ngokweqile. Amashalofu agcwele kakhulu angakhubaza noma awe kungazelelwe, adale izimo eziyingozi nokulahlekelwa kwempahla.

Ezinye izithuthukisi zokuphepha zihlanganisa onogada abavikelayo nezithiyo. Abavikeli bamakhona, onogada bamakholomu, nonogada beposi bavikela amashelufu asekela emonakalweni obangelwa ama-forklift noma ojeke be-pallet, abavamile ezindaweni ezimatasa ze-warehouse. Ukubeka inethi yokuphepha noma i-mesh kumasheluvu avulekile kunganqanda izinto ezincane ukuthi zingaweli kumaphasishi angezansi, kuvikele abasebenzi nezinto zokusebenza.

Ukuhlonza kahle kanye nezimpawu nakho kunomthelela ekuphepheni. Ukulebula okucacile kwamasheluvu anezincazelo zokuqukethwe nezilinganiso zesisindo kusiza ukugwema ukudideka nezinqubo zokunqwabelanisa ezingalungile. Izimpawu zokuphepha ezinamakhodi anombala kumayunithi amashelufu zingasho izindawo zokusebenza, zixwayisa abasebenzi ngemikhawulo yokulayisha noma yokuthulula.

Ukuhlolwa okuvamile nokugcinwa kwezinqubo zokunakekelwa kwempilo kudlala indima enkulu ekugcineni ukuphepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Abaphathi be-warehouse kufanele basebenzise amashejuli ukuze bahlole imishayo egobile, izinto ezixegayo, ukugqwala, noma izimpawu zokuguga ezibeka engcupheni ubuqotho besakhiwo.

Ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi mayelana nezinqubo zokubeka amashelufu aphephile kuhambisana nokuphepha kwemishini. Abasebenzi kufanele baqonde indlela yokusabalalisa isisindo ngokulinganayo, ukupakisha izinto ngendlela efanele, kanye nokusebenzisa izinto zokuphakamisa ngokuzibophezela emashalofini nasezindaweni ezizungezile.

Ukufaka lezi zici zokuphepha nokuthobela izindinganiso zokuthobelana kunciphisa ubungozi, kuvikela abasebenzi, futhi kulondoloza uhlu lwempahla, okuqinisa ukusebenza kahle okuphelele nokuthembeka kwesistimu yokugcina impahla.

Ukuthuthukiswa Kwesikhala kanye Nomthamo Womthwalo

Ukwandisa isikhala kuwuphawu lwe-warehouse esebenza kahle. Amasistimu wokubeka amashelufu akhulisa isikhala esitholakalayo avumela amabhizinisi ukuthi agcine i-inventory eyengeziwe endaweni efanayo, enciphisa izindleko ze-overhead kanye nokuthuthukisa izikhathi zokuthola kabusha.

Ukwenziwa kahle kwesikhala kuqala ngokuqonda izidingo zomthamo womthwalo oqondene nohlu lwamagama. Imikhiqizo ehlukene iza ngezinhlobonhlobo, osayizi, nezisindo, futhi indlela yokulinganisa konke ayivamile ukusebenza. Amashelufu kufanele akwazi ukusekela izinto ezisinda kakhulu ngaphandle kokuhlehla noma ukwehluleka, kuyilapho futhi amukele izimpahla ezilula kahle.

Ukusetshenziswa kwendawo eqondile kuyisici esibalulekile. Izitolo eziningi zinophahla oluphakeme, okunikeza ithuba lokunweba isitoreji siqonde phezulu kunokuba sivundlile, esingase sikhawulelwe ukwakheka kwendawo yokugcina impahla. Izixazululo zamashalofu amade ezinamaleveli amaningi zingakhuphula ngokuphawulekayo ukuminyana kwesitoreji, zenze ukusetshenziswa okungcono kwevolumu ye-cubic kunokuba nje indawo yaphansi.

I-Narrow aisle shelving kungenye isu lokukhulisa indawo yaphansi. Ngokunciphisa ububanzi bendawo kanye nokusebenzisa ama-forklift akhethekile aklanyelwe izikhala ezihlangene, izindawo zokugcina impahla zingandisa inani lemigqa yamashelufu. Le ndlela ingakhuphula umthamo wokulondoloza, kodwa idinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela ukuze kugcinwe ukuphepha nokugeleza kokusebenza.

Umthamo wokulayisha unomthelela ngokuqondile ukuthi uhla lwempahla lungapakishwa kanjani. Ishelufu elisindayo elisekela isisindo esikhulu ngeshalofu ngalinye livumela ukugcinwa kwenqwaba okuphumelelayo ngaphandle kokudela ukuphepha. Amashalofu alungisekayo avumela ukulungiswa kabusha kwemikhiqizo yeqembu ngesisindo noma ubukhulu, okuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwendawo kuyilapho kugcinwa izinto ezisindayo zisekelwe ngokuphephile.

Ukwengeza, amadizayini okonga amashalofu afana namashelufu eselula noma ama-cantilever racks avumela izindawo zokugcina izinto ukuthi zibambe imikhiqizo enokwakheka okungavamile noma esinda kakhulu. Amayunithi amashelufu eselula afakwe kumathrekhi angashelela ndawonye ukuze kuncishiswe indawo yendlela lapho engasetshenziswa, kuyilapho ama-cantilever racks ephumelela kakhulu ekugcineni izinto ezinde njengamapayipi noma izingodo.

Ukulebula okuphumelelayo nokuphathwa kwempahla okuxhunyaniswe nesakhiwo samashelufu esithuthukisiwe nakho kunomthelela ekwenzeni ngcono isikhala. Uma zonke izinto zitholakala kalula futhi zifinyeleleka, isikhala esincane siyamoshwa ekuphathweni okungadingekile noma isitoreji esiyimpinda.

Okokugcina, ukuhlanganisa amasheluvu namasistimu azenzakalelayo njengamabhande okuthutha noma ukukhetha amarobhothi kuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwesikhala. Amashalofu aklanywe ngobuhlakani, ahlanganiswe nobuchwepheshe, aqondisa ukuminyana kwesitoreji ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuphepha noma ukuhamba komsebenzi.

Ngakho-ke, amasistimu okonga amashalofu alinganisela amandla omthwalo oqinile nedizayini ehlakaniphile adala indawo lapho yonke intshi ibalwa, esekela ukukhula kwebhizinisi kanye nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe okuthuthukisiwe.

Ukulula Ukufaka Nokunakekela

Uhlelo oluhle kakhulu lwamashelufu luhlanganisa ukusebenza okuqinile nokufaka okulula nokugcinwa. Ukufakwa kalula kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula ngesikhathi sokusetha noma ukunwetshwa kwempahla, okuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi aqalise kabusha ukusebenza ngokushesha. Ngokulinganayo, ukulungiswa okuqondile kuqinisekisa ukuphila isikhathi eside futhi kugcina amazinga okuphepha.

Amashalofu ezindlu zanamuhla ngokuvamile asebenzisa izindlela zokuhlanganisa ezingena-boltless noma ezisekelwe ku-clip ezingadingi imishini esindayo, i-welding, noma umsebenzi omkhulu. Lokhu akusheshisi izikhathi zokufaka kuphela kodwa futhi kuvumela ukuguqulwa kwesikhathi esizayo ngomzamo omncane. Izingxenye ezingasindi zivame ukwakhiwa kusengaphambili ukuze zibe nobukhulu obunembile, okusho ukuthi ukulungiswa kwendawo akuvamile ukuba kudingekile.

Amamanuwali eziyalezo, amavidiyo wokufaka, nosekelo lomthengisi nakho kuthuthukisa ukusethwa kalula. Abanye abakhiqizi banikeza izinsizakalo ze-turnkey eziletha amasheluvu ahlanganiswe ngaphambili noma ahlinzeka ngamathimba ochwepheshe ukuze asingathe yonke inqubo, amaphutha okunciphisa ngokuvamile ahlotshaniswa nokuzifakela.

Ukunakekela ikakhulukazi kuhilela ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo okuvamile kokulimala noma ukuguga. Njengoba ukubeka amashelufu kuyisici esibalulekile sokuphepha, izimiso zokulungisa kufanele zibandakanye ukuhlola imishayo egobile noma eqhekekile, amabhawodi axegayo, ukugqwala, nezimpawu zokulimala komthelela. Amashalofu ocingo noma anezikhala angase adinge ukuhlanzwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izindlela zokungenisa umoya zihlala zingavimbekile.

Amashalofu ambozwe ngeziphetho ezihlala isikhathi eside, njengokumbozwa kwempushana noma uthayela, adinga ukulungiswa njalo futhi amelana nokugqwala, okusho ukuthi isikhathi esincane sokuphumula ukuze silungiswe. Izingxenye ezidizayinelwe ukushintshwa ngokushesha, njengamashalofu akhiphekayo noma imishayo, zivumela ukulungiswa okusheshayo ngaphandle kokudiliza amasegimenti amakhulu.

Ukwengeza, ukugcina amashelufu engenazo imfuhlumfuhlu nemfucumfucu kukhuthaza kokubili ukuphepha kanye nokugcinwa kalula. Izinqubo ezilula ezifana nokulebula okuhleliwe nokugcinwa kwendlu okuvamile kuvimbela ukulimala kwengozi futhi kusize ukuxazulula izinkinga ngokushesha uma kuphakama izinkinga.

Ukukhetha izinhlelo zokubeka amasheluvu kubakhiqizi abahloniphekile futhi kuqinisekisa ukufinyelela ezingxenyeni ezishintshayo kanye nokwesekwa kobuchwepheshe, okuyisihluthulelo sokugcina ukusebenza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ekugcineni, ukubeka amashelufu okulula ukukufaka nokuyinakekela akunciphisi nje kuphela izindleko zokuqala kodwa kusekela indawo yokugcina izinto esimeme, ephephile ezivumelanisa kalula nezidingo zendlu yokugcina impahla.

Sengiphetha, ukuklanywa nokukhethwa kwamashalofu esitolo kunomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kahle, ukuphepha, kanye nokusebenza kwanoma iyiphi indawo yokugcina izinto. Ukugcizelela ukuqina nezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu kuvikela ubuqotho besakhiwo sesikhathi eside. Amashelufu alungisekayo kanye ne-modular kunikeza ukuguquguquka ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo eziguqukayo ze-inventory ngaphandle kokulungiswa okumba eqolo. Ukubeka kuqala izici zokuphepha nokuthobela imithetho eqinile kuvikela abasebenzi nempahla, kuyilapho ukusetshenziswa kwendawo okuthuthukisiwe kuvumela umthamo omkhulu wesitoreji ngaphakathi kwezinyathelo ezikhona. Okokugcina, ukufaka kalula nokunakekela kusiza ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka futhi kunwebe impilo yesevisi yamasistimu amashelufu.

Ngokuqonda nokusebenzisa lezi zici ezibalulekile, abaphathi bezindlu zokugcina impahla bakha indawo evumela ukusebenza kahle, ukunciphisa izingozi, kanye nokukhiqiza okuthuthukisiwe. Ukutshala isikhathi nezinsiza ekukhetheni isixazululo esifanele samashalofu kukhokha izabelo ngezindawo zokusebenza eziphephile, ukugeleza komsebenzi okusebenzayo, nekhono lokugcina eliyingozi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuthuthukisa indawo yokugcina impahla ekhona noma ukuklama indawo entsha, ukunaka lezi zici ezibalulekile kubeka isisekelo sokuphatha okuthembekile nokusebenzayo kwesitoreji.