Ungazikhetha Kanjani Izixazululo Ezinhle Kakhulu Zesitoreji Sempahla Esabiwomali

Emhlabeni osheshayo wokugcinwa kwempahla kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto, ukusebenza kahle kwezixazululo zakho zesitoreji kungenza noma kuphule ukusebenza kwebhizinisi lakho. Ukukhetha uhlelo olufanele lokugcina impahla akukona nje ukukhulisa indawo kodwa kumayelana nokwenza ngcono ukukhiqiza, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha, nokuphatha izindleko ngempumelelo. Kodwa-ke, lapho usebenza ngesabelomali esilinganiselwe, inselele iba ukukhetha izinketho ezingcono kakhulu ngaphandle kokuyekethisa izimfanelo ezibalulekile. Lesi sihloko sizokuqondisa ezicini ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha izixazululo zesitoreji esihlangabezana nezidingo zakho kanye nemikhawulo yesabelomali, sikusize wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi ezithuthukisa indawo yakho nezinsiza.

Ukuqonda ama-nuances ezixazululo zesitoreji kuzokunika amandla okudala indawo ehlelekile neyongayo. Izinqumo ozenzayo zizothinta ukuphathwa kwempahla, ukufinyeleleka, nokukaleka kwesikhathi esizayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa isikhungo esincane sokusabalalisa noma indawo enkulu yokugcina izinto, ukusebenzisa indlela efanele yokugcina impahla kungaholela ekongeni kwesikhathi eside kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza. Ake sihlole izici ezibalulekile ngokuningiliziwe ukuze zikusize uzulazule kule nqubo ebalulekile yokuthatha izinqumo.

Ukuhlola Izidingo Zakho Zenqolobane kanye Nezingqinamba Zesikhala

Ngaphambi kokungena okhethweni oluthile lwesitoreji, kubalulekile ukuhlola kahle izidingo ezihlukile zendlu yakho yokugcina izinto kanye nemikhawulo yesikhala. Yonke i-warehouse inamaphrofayili e-inventory ahlukene, ubukhulu bomkhiqizo, amanani entengo, kanye nokugeleza komsebenzi. Lezi zici kufanele zibe nomthelela omkhulu ekukhetheni kwakho kwesixazululo sesitoreji ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isistimu oyikhethayo iyasebenza futhi iyasebenza.

Qala ngokuhlaziya izinhlobo zemikhiqizo oyigcinayo. Ingabe zinkulu noma zincane? Iyabola noma ayiboli? Ingabe zidinga ukulawulwa kwesimo sezulu noma ukuphathwa okukhethekile? Isibonelo, izinto ezisindayo, ezinkulu zingadinga amasistimu amashelufu aqinile, kuyilapho imikhiqizo emincane ingase izuze emigqonyeni noma kumayunithi ekhabethe. Ukuhlola imiksi yomkhiqizo wakho kusiza futhi ukunquma ukuminyana kwesitoreji esifanele kanye nemvamisa yokufinyelela.

Okulandelayo, cabangela isakhiwo se-warehouse kanye nendawo yaphansi etholakalayo. Linganisa isithombe esiyisikwele esisebenzisekayo nobude besilingi, bese ukhomba izithiyo njengamakholomu, izicabha, noma amadokhu okulayisha. Iphutha elivamile ukuzama ukufaka amasistimu okugcina ngaphandle kokucabangela ukuthi azothinta kanjani ukuhamba komsebenzi. Isibonelo, amaphasishi amancane angase akhulise ukuminyana kwesitoreji kodwa enze ukunyakaza kwama-forklift kanye nabasebenzi kube nzima, kwehle ukusebenza kahle kukonke.

Ukwengeza, cabanga ngamanani akho okutholwa kwempahla. Izinto ezihamba ngokushesha kufanele zifinyeleleke kalula futhi zigcinwe eduze nezindawo zokupakisha noma zokuthumela, kuyilapho isitoko esihamba kancane singabekwa ezindaweni ezingafinyeleleki kalula. Ukufanisa izindawo zesitoreji namaphethini okunyakaza komkhiqizo kuvumela ukuphathwa kwesikhathi okungcono futhi kunciphisa izindleko zokuphatha.

Ekugcineni, cabangela ukukhula kwesikhathi esizayo. Nakuba izithiyo zesabelomali zingase zinciphise ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho kwasekuqaleni, ukuhlela ukulinganisa kusho ukuthi ngeke kudingeke ulungise uhlelo lwakho ngokuphelele njengoba imisebenzi ikhula. Amasistimu okugcina amamojula noma amashelufu alungisekayo angamukela ukushintsha kwemigqa yomkhiqizo namavolumu ngaphandle kwezindleko ezingeziwe.

Kafushane, ukuqonda okucacile kwezidingo zokusebenza kwendlu yakho yokugcina izinto kanye nemingcele ebonakalayo kuyisisekelo sokwenza izinqumo ezihlakaniphile zohlelo lwesitoreji. Ukuzinika isikhathi sokuhlola lezi zici kungavimbela amaphutha abizayo futhi kukusize ukhulise amandla akho okulondoloza ngaphakathi kwesabelomali esilinganiselwe.

Ukuhlola Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Zezixazululo Zesitoreji Sempahla

Amasistimu okugcina impahla afika ngemiklamo nokucushwa okuhlukahlukene, ngalinye lifanele izinhlobo ezithile zezimpahla nezidingo zokusebenza. Ukuzijwayeza ngezinketho ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kukuvumela ukuthi ulinganise izinzuzo nezithiyo zazo ngakunye futhi uthole izixazululo ezihambisana kahle nomsebenzi wakho kanye nesabelomali.

Ama-Pallet racking systems aphakathi kwezinketho ezithandwa kakhulu ezindaweni zokugcina izimpahla ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo nokusebenza kahle kokugcina imikhiqizo enamaphalethi. Lezi zinhlelo zisebenzisa indawo eqondile kahle futhi zivumela ama-forklift ukuthi afinyelele impahla ngokuqondile, asheshise ukubuyisa. Kodwa-ke, izitayela ezihlukene ezifana namarakhi akhethiwe, amarakhi okushayela, noma ama-push-back racking ziyahlukahluka ngezindleko nokuminyana kwesitoreji. I-Racking ekhethiwe inikeza ukuguquguquka okuhle kodwa isebenzisa isikhala esithe xaxa, kuyilapho i-drive-in racking yandisa isikhala kodwa ikhawulela ukufinyelela okukhethiwe.

Amayunithi amasheluvu kanye nama-mezzanines anikezela ngesitoreji esifinyelelekayo sezinto ezincane noma izimpahla ezingenamaphalethi. Ukubeka amashelufu kuvame ukungabizi futhi kuyalungiseka, okuvumela ukwenza ngendlela oyifisayo njengoba izidingo zishintsha. Ama-Mezzanines engeza indawo ebalulekile yaphansi ngokuma mpo futhi angaguqula ukusebenza kwe-warehouse ngokudala isitoreji esinezigaba eziningi. Yize i-mezzanines idinga ukutshalwa kwezimali kwangaphambili, imvamisa ikhokha ngokukhuphula isitoreji ngaphandle kokunweba umkhondo wezinyawo.

Ukugcinwa kwenqwaba, njengokupakisha phansi noma ukusetshenziswa kwemigqomo emikhulu, kunenzuzo ezintweni ezinkulu noma izinto ezingangeni kahle kumarack. Nakuba le ndlela ngokuvamile ibiza kancane ekuqaleni, inganciphisa ukuhleleka okuphelele nokufinyeleleka, kwenze ukuphathwa kwempahla kube nzima kakhulu. Cabangela ukugcinwa kwenqwaba yempahla enenzuzo ephansi, ehlala isikhathi eside kodwa qaphela ukuze ugweme ukuvimba izindlela noma izingozi zokuphepha.

Amasistimu okugcina nokubuyiswa okuzenzakalelayo (AS/RS) amelela isixazululo esithuthukisiwe esithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokunemba kodwa ngokuvamile esiza nezindleko eziphakeme kanye nezidingo zokunakekela. Ezinqolobaneni ezinesabelomali esiqinile, kungase kube ukuhlakanipha ukugcinela amasistimu anjalo ezindaweni ezibucayi, ezinenani eliphezulu esikhundleni sendawo yonke.

Okokugcina, amayunithi amashelufu eselula kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina ezihlangene zonga isikhala ngokususa amaphasishi angaguquki. Lawa mayunithi alungele izindawo zokugcina izimpahla ezincane noma izidingo ezikhethekile zempahla kodwa angadinga ukuhwebelana ngesivinini sokufinyelela.

Ukukhetha inhlanganisela efanele yezinhlobo zesitoreji ezifanelana nempahla yakho nezinto ezibalulekile kubhajethi kubalulekile. Amasistimu axubile avame ukuletha ibhalansi engcono kakhulu, evumela ukonga izindleko kanye nokusetshenziswa kahle kwendawo.

Ukulinganisa Izindleko Nekhwalithi Nokuqina

Izithiyo zesabelomali ngokwemvelo ziholela abaphathi bezindawo zokugcina izimpahla ukuthi bagxile ezindleleni zokonga, kodwa kubalulekile ukucabangela inani lesikhathi eside nokuqina kwezixazululo zesitoreji. Okushibhile akuhlali kungcono; izinhlelo zekhwalithi ephansi zivame ukuphumela ekwenyukeni kwezindleko zokulungisa, ubungozi bezokuphepha, kanye nezindleko zokushintshwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola ibhalansi phakathi kwezindleko zangaphambili nokuqina komkhiqizo kubalulekile ukuze wandise utshalomali lwakho.

Lapho uhlola i-rack noma izinto zokubeka amashelufu, insimbi ngokuvamile iyinketho ekhethwayo ngenxa yamandla ayo emvelo nokuphila isikhathi eside. Iziqephu ezinamekwe ngempushana noma ezithathiwe zinikeza ukumelana okwengeziwe nokugqwala nokuguga, ikakhulukazi ezindlini zokugcina impahla ezinezimo zemvelo eziyinselele ezifana nomswakama noma ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Gwema izinsimbi ezingabizi, ezincanyana noma izindawo ezinganakiwe ezilulaza ngokushesha futhi ezingase zidale izinkinga zokuphepha.

Ukuhlola ukuklama kanye nezindinganiso zokwakha kubaluleke ngokufanayo. Bheka imikhiqizo ehlangabezana namakhodi okuphepha aziwayo futhi efaka izici ezifana nemishayo eqinisiwe, izibophelelo ezivikelekile, nezingxenye zemodular. Izixazululo zesitoreji sekhwalithi ephezulu zivame ukuza neziqinisekiso nokusekelwa kwamakhasimende, okungaba wusizo uma kwenzeka umonakalo noma ukukhubazeka.

Izindleko zokufaka nazo zibandakanya isabelomali sisonke. Amasistimu angokwezifiso noma ayinkimbinkimbi angase adinge ukusethwa okuchwepheshile, ukwandisa izindleko zokuqala, kanti izinketho ezilula noma ezijwayelekile kulula futhi kushibhile ukuzifaka. Kodwa-ke, ukufakwa okuphrofeshinali kuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-rack namashalofu ahlanganiswe kahle futhi afakwe ihange, okubalulekile ekuphepheni nasekusebenzeni.

Cabangela nezidingo zesondlo. Izixazululo zesitoreji ezenziwe ngezinto ezihlala isikhathi eside zivame ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula kanye nezindleko zokulungisa, zisize ukugcina ukusebenza kahle. Ezinye izinkampani zinikeza izinkontileka zokulungisa noma izinsizakalo zokuhlola ezingase zifanele izindleko ezengeziwe uma zivimbela izingozi noma ukuwa.

Kuyazuzisa ukuhlela ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezokuphepha. Ukuncishiswa kwezici zokuphepha, njengama-end caps, amalebula omkhawulo wokulayisha, noma i-seismic bracing, kungaholela ekulimaleni kwendawo yokusebenza nezikweletu ezingokomthetho, ezidlula kude noma yikuphi ukonga kokuqala.

Sengiphetha, ukubeka phambili ikhwalithi nokuqina ngaphakathi kwesabelomali sakho kuvikela ingqalasizinda yakho yempahla kanye nabasebenzi, okwenza ukuthengwa kube yisinqumo sebhizinisi sesikhathi eside esihlakaniphile.

Ukwandisa Ukusebenza Kwesikhala Ngokusebenzisa Isakhiwo Esihlakaniphile Nenhlangano

Enye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokuthuthukisa indawo yokugcina impahla ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imali ngokweqile emishinini emisha iwukwenza indawo ibe ngcono ngokuklama kwesakhiwo samasu nokuhlela. Ngisho nendlu encane yokugcina impahla ingakhuphula kakhulu umthamo nokuhamba komsebenzi ngokusebenzisa amasu okuhlela akhulisa unyawo ngalunye lwesikwele.

Qala ngokwakha amamephu anemininingwane egcwele ye-warehouse noma imidwebo ukuze ubone ngeso lengqondo izakhiwo zamanje futhi ukhombe izindawo ezingasetshenziswa kancane. Sebenzisa lawa mathuluzi ukuze uhlole amathuba okuhlela kabusha ama-rack, amashalofu, nezinto zokusebenza ukuze uvule isikhala futhi uthuthukise ukugeleza kwezinto. Isibonelo, ukuqeda amaphasishi afile noma ukwandiswa kwemigudu emincane kungase kubonakale kungenangqondo kodwa kungasheshisa ukunyakaza kwe-forklift futhi kunciphise ukuminyana.

Sebenzisa izimiso ezifana nenhlangano "yezone yegolide", ebeka imikhiqizo ephathwa kakhulu okhalweni ukuya emahlombe kanye eduze neziteshi zokupakisha. Lokhu kunciphisa ukukhahlamezeka kwabasebenzi futhi kusheshise izinqubo zokukhetha. Ukuqoqa izinto ezifanayo ndawonye noma ukubeka i-SKU ngama-alfabhethi nakho kunciphisa isikhathi sokusesha namaphutha.

Sebenzisa isikhala esime mpo ngendlela efanele ngokufaka amayunithi amashelufu amade noma ama-mezzanines lapho ukuphakama kosilingi kuvumela khona. Ukuphakama kwesilinganiso kunciphisa indawo yokugcina impahla edingekayo futhi kusiza ukugwema ukunwetshwa okumba eqolo. Qaphela ukuphepha kanye nokufinyelela kalula lapho ukhulisa ukupakisha okuqondile.

Cabangela ukwamukela amasistimu okuphathwa kwempahla noma isofthiwe esiza ngokulungiselela isikhala. Lawa mathuluzi alandelela amaleveli esitoko, izindawo, namaphethini okunyakaza, avumela izinqumo ezinolwazi lokuthi zigcinwa kuphi futhi kanjani izinto ukuze zisetshenziswe kakhulu.

Ukusebenzisa izimiso ze-warehouse ezithambile ezifana ne-5S (Hlunga, Hlela, Shine, Qondisa, Gcina) kuqinisekisa ukugcinwa okuqhubekayo kokuhleleka nokuhlanzeka, kuvikela ukusebenza kahle kwesakhiwo sesitoreji.

Okokugcina, bheka amathuba okwenza kabusha noma ukubuyisela kabusha amayunithi esitoreji akhona. Amashelufu alungisekayo noma amasistimu ama-racking modular ahlinzeka ngokuguquguquka nokuzivumelanisa nezimo njengoba izidingo zempahla zishintsha, ngaphandle kokudinga ukushintshwa okugcwele okubizayo.

Ngamafuphi, ukwakheka kwendlu yokugcina izinto okuhlakaniphile kanye namasu enhlangano kukunika amandla okuzuza ngokugcwele kumthamo wakho wesitoreji ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo yesabelomali, ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza nokunciphisa indawo emoshiwe.

I-Leveraging Technology kanye Nokukhishwa Kwezisombululo Ezingabizi

Ubuchwepheshe kanye nokukhishwa kwemisebenzi kungaba amadlelandawonye anamandla lapho uphatha indawo yokugcina impahla ngesabelomali esiqinile. Ngokuhlanganisa izixazululo zobuchwepheshe ezithengekayo kanye nokubambisana nabahlinzeki besevisi bezinkampani zangaphandle, ungakwazi ukuhlela imisebenzi, unciphise izindleko zekhephithali, futhi wandise amandla akho okulondoloza ngaphandle kokwengeza ngokwezimali ngokweqile.

I-Warehouse Management Systems (WMS) yizinkundla zesofthiwe ezihlinzeka ngokulandelelwa kwesikhathi sangempela kwe-inventory, ukuthuthukisa izindlela zokukhetha, ukuphatha ukubuyiswa kwesitoko, kanye nokwenza imibiko yokusebenza. Nakuba izinhlelo ezisezingeni eliphezulu zingabiza, izinketho eziningi ze-WMS ezingalawuleki nezisekelwe emafini zibhekelela ngokukhethekile imisebenzi emincane noma abathengi abaqaphela ibhajethi. Ukusebenzisa lawa masistimu kunganciphisa amaphutha abantu, kuthuthukise ukunemba kokuhleleka, futhi kunikeze imininingwane yokusebenzisa kangcono indawo yokugcina impahla.

Ukwengeza, ukuskena ibhakhodi, ukulandelela kwe-RFID, namadivayisi eselula kuthuthukisa ukubonakala kwempahla futhi kusheshise ukuqoqwa kwedatha. Lobu buchwepheshe buvumela ukuthathwa kwezinqumo ngokushesha futhi busize ekuvimbeleni ukubiza ngokweqile noma ukuphela kwesitoko, ukonga ngokungaqondile indawo yokugcina ngokugcina uhlu lwempahla olungenangqondo futhi olunembile.

Ukuzenzakalela, ngisho nasezingeni eliyisisekelo, elifana namabhande okuthutha noma ojeke bepallet, kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kodwa kufanele kulingane nezindleko zangaphambili. Ukuqashisa okokusebenza noma ukulandela ukukhishwa okuzenzakalelayo kwezigaba kungasiza ukuphatha izindleko.

Ukukhipha izidingo zesitoreji eseqile kungenye isu lokonga izindleko. Ukusebenzisa abahlinzeki bezinkampani zangaphandle (i-3PL) noma izinsiza zomphakathi zokugcinwa kwempahla phakathi nezinkathi zokufunwa okuphezulu kuvimbela ukutshalwa kwezimali ngokweqile endaweni yokugcina unomphela. Lokhu kubambisana kunikeza ukuguquguquka njengoba ibhizinisi lakho likhula noma liguquguquka futhi ngokuvamile lihlanganisa ukufinyelela kumathuluzi athuthukile nobungcweti ngaphandle kwezindleko ezinkulu zemali.

Ukusebenzisana nabahlinzeki besevisi engeziwe kungakhulula imisebenzi edinga abasebenzi abaningi njengokuhlunga, ukukhahlela, noma ukupakisha, okuthuthukisa ukuhamba komsebenzi kwangaphakathi futhi kunciphisa ingcindezi kumasistimu okugcina impahla.

Okokugcina, ukuhlala unolwazi mayelana nezinxephezelo zikahulumeni noma izibonelelo zamaphrojekthi wokuthuthukisa indawo yokugcina impahla kubalulekile. Ezinye izifunda zisekela ukutshalwa kwezimali kuma-racking awonga amandla noma amasistimu okuphatha okusungula aletha ukonga izindleko zesikhathi eside.

Ngokwamukela ubuchwepheshe ngokucabangisisayo futhi ucabangele izinketho zamasu zokukhipha, ungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwesitoreji sakho kanye nobukhulu ngenkathi uhlala ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo yesabelomali.

Sengiphetha, ukukhetha izixazululo ezingcono kakhulu zokulondoloza inqolobane kubhajethi kudinga indlela ephelele egxile ekuqondeni izidingo zakho ezithile, ukuhlola amasistimu okugcina ahlukene, ukubeka phambili ikhwalithi nokuqina, ukwenza ngcono ukuhleleka nokuhleleka, kanye nobuchwepheshe obusebenzayo nozakwethu bangaphandle. Isigaba ngasinye kule nqubo sidlala indima ebalulekile ekudaleni indawo yokugcina indawo esebenzayo, ephephile, futhi engabizi kakhulu. Ukuhlela okucatshangelwayo nokukhetha okuhlakaniphile akuthuthukisi nje kuphela ukusebenza kwamanje kodwa futhi kulungiselela inqolobane yakho ukuthi ivumelane nezimo futhi ikhule nebhizinisi lakho.

Ukutshala isikhathi ekuhlaziyeni ngokucophelela nokufuna iseluleko sochwepheshe lapho kunesidingo kungavimbela amaphutha abizayo kanye nezindleko ezingadingekile. Khumbula ukuthi ibhalansi elungile phakathi kwezindleko, ikhwalithi, nokusebenza kahle ingafezeka ngisho nangaphansi kwezinkinga zezimali. Ngokusebenzisa amasu okuxoxiwe ngawo, ungathuthukisa izixazululo zezindawo zokugcina izinto ezithuthukisa ukukhiqiza, zandise indawo, futhi zibe neqhaza elihle emgqeni wakho obalulekile.