Izisombululo zoGcino lweWarehouse: Indlela yokwandisa iNdawo ngaphandle kokuncama ukusebenza kakuhle

Ukwandisa indawo yokugcina impahla ngumngeni amashishini amaninzi ajongana nawo njengoko ezama ukwandisa umthamo wokugcina ngaphandle kokucothisa ukusebenza. Ngeemfuno ezikhulayo ze-e-commerce, amanqanaba e-inventory aguquguqukayo, kunye neenyawo ezilinganiselweyo zomzimba, ukufumana izisombululo zokugcina ezisebenzayo akukaze kubaluleke kakhulu. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ngoyilo olukrelekrele, ukwamkelwa kwetekhnoloji, kunye nezicwangciso ezitsha, abaphathi bendawo yokugcina iimpahla banokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwendawo ngelixa begcina - okanye bephucula - ukusebenza kakuhle.

Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezisebenzayo, ezinokusetyenzwa eziya kukunceda uguqule indawo yakho yokugcina impahla ibe yimodeli yokuvelisa kunye nokukhanya kwendawo. Nokuba usebenza neziko elincinci okanye iziko losasazo elithe kratya, olu lwazi luya kukukhokelela ekufikeleleni kwibhalansi phakathi kokwandisa umthamo wogcino kunye nokugcina iinkqubo zokuhamba kakuhle komsebenzi.

UkuCingisisa kwakhona uLwayo lweWarehouse yokuHamba okuLungileyo

Uyilo lwendawo yokugcina impahla yakho ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni ukuba isithuba sisetyenziswa njani ngokufanelekileyo kunye nendlela eqhuba kakuhle ngayo. Uyilo oluyilwe kakubi lunokukhokelela kwinkcitho yendawo, ixesha elide lokuhamba, kunye nemiqobo enciphisa imveliso. Ke ngoko, ukucinga ngokutsha uyilo lwendlu yokugcina lelinye lamanyathelo asisiseko ekwandiseni ugcino ngaphandle kokuncama ukusebenza kakuhle.

Ukuqala, qwalasela umgaqo wocando, apho uluhlu lwempahla lucwangciswe ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zalo kunye nokuphindaphinda kwemfuno. Izinto ezihamba ngokukhawuleza (ezidla ngokubizwa ngokuba 'zii-fast movers') kufuneka zibekwe kufutshane nenqanawa kunye nokufumana iidokhi ukunciphisa ixesha lokuhamba. Impahla ehamba kancinci inokugcinwa kude apho ukuvuthwa rhoqo kusezantsi, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa indawo yendlela kunye nokunciphisa intshukumo engeyomfuneko.

Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kobubanzi obuqhelekileyo bepaseji elungiselelwe izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kunokonga indawo yomgangatho oxabisekileyo. Iipaseji ezibanzi zinokuququzelela izixhobo ezikhulu kodwa zinokulinciphisa lilonke inani leendlela onokuzifumana. Ngokuchaseneyo, iipaseji ezimxinwa zonyusa ugcino kodwa zinokuthintela intshukumo. Ukusebenzisa iindlela ezimxinwa ze-aisle racking okanye ukuseta kwe-aisle emxinwa kakhulu (VNA) kunokwandisa ugcino lokugcina ngaphandle kokucotha imisebenzi, ngakumbi xa zidityaniswe neeforklift ezikhethekileyo.

Omnye umba omawuqwalaselwe ngumyinge othe nkqo. Iindawo ezininzi zokugcina iimpahla azihoyi ukubakho kokuphakama kwesilingi, kodwa ukongeza iisistim ezinde zokurhangqa okanye imigangatho ye-mezzanine inokuphinda-phinda ngokumangalisayo umthamo wogcino ngelixa ugcina indawo yokugcina impahla ingatshintshwanga. Ukucwangcisa isicwangciso esivumela ukugcinwa ngokuthe nkqo, ngelixa uqinisekisa ukufikelela okukhuselekileyo kunye nokusebenzayo, kuya kwenza ubuninzi bendawo yakho ye-cubic ekhoyo.

Okokugqibela, ukusebenzisa isoftware yolawulo lwendawo yokugcina izinto (WMS) ngexesha lesigaba sokucwangciswa koyilo kunokunceda ukulinganisa ulungelelwaniso olwahlukileyo kunye noqikelelo lwendlela oluyichaphazela ngayo intshukumo, amaxesha okukhetha, kunye nomthamo wonke. Le ndlela eqhutywa yithekhnoloji ibonelela ngesiseko esichanekileyo, esinedatha esisiseko sokudala i-space-efficient yoyilo lwendawo yokugcina impahla exhasa iinjongo zokusebenza.

Ukusebenzisa iiNkqubo zoGcino oluPhezulu

Iintsuku zeeyunithi zeshelufu ezilula kunye nee-pallet racks ziyavela njengoko iteknoloji entsha yokugcina ivela ukujongana nemingeni yendawo kunye neenjongo ezifanelekileyo. Iinkqubo zokugcina ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu zinokuguqula indlela owongeza ngayo indawo yokugcina impahla ngaphandle kokuphazamisa isantya kunye nokuchaneka kokuzaliseka komyalelo.

Enye inkqubo enjalo kukusetyenziswa kokugcinwa ngokuzenzekelayo kunye neenkqubo zokubuyisela (AS / RS). Ezi nkqubo zisebenzisa i-robotic cranes okanye iishuttles ukugcina nokubuyisela izinto kwiindawo zokugcina ezixineneyo, ukunciphisa ukunikezelwa kwendawo ye-aisle kunye nokwandisa ubuninzi be-inventory. Izisombululo ze-AS / RS zisebenza ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezineenombolo eziphezulu ze-SKU kunye nemisebenzi ephindaphindiweyo yokukhetha, njengoko zinciphisa impazamo yabantu kwaye zikhawuleza iinkqubo zokubuyisela.

Olunye ulutsha oludumileyo kukuphunyezwa kwe-multi-tier racking kunye nemigangatho ye-mezzanine, eyenza amanqanaba okugcina ongezelelweyo ngaphakathi kwendawo yokugcina impahla. Ngokwakha phezulu kunye nokusebenzisa izakhiwo ze-mezzanine, uphinda kabini okanye kathathu indawo yakho enokusebenziseka ngaphakathi kwendawo enye. Le ndlela isebenza kakuhle xa idityaniswe neempawu ezifanelekileyo zokhuseleko kunye nokuqinisekisa ukufikelela ngokulula ngezinyuko okanye ukunyuswa.

Iinkqubo zogcino ezinamandla ezifana neerakhi zokuhamba kunye neerakhi zokutyhala zikwanceda ukwandisa indawo ngokuphucula ukuxinana kogcino kunye nesantya sokuchola. Iiracks ezihambayo zisebenzisa ubunzima ukuhambisa isitokhwe phambili ebusweni bokukha, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuhamba kunye nemiba yokujikeleza kwempahla. I-Push-back racks igcina iipallets nzulu kwinkqubo yerack, evumela iipallet ezininzi zokugcina ezinzulu ngaphandle kokwandisa kakhulu ububanzi be-aisle.

Ukongeza, iimodyuli zeeshelufu kunye neeyunithi zeshelufu eziphathwayo zinokubonelela ngokuguquguquka ukulungelelanisa ukusetha ugcino ekutshintsheni iiprofayili ze-inventri. Iiyunithi zeshelufu eziphathwayo ezifakwe kwiingoma zinokudityaniswa kunye ukuze kugcinwe indawo kwaye kwandiswe xa kufuneka ukufikelela, ukubonelela ngesisombululo esisebenzayo nesisebenzayo sokugcina.

Utyalo-mali kwezi nkqubo zogcino zikumgangatho ophezulu kufuna iindleko zokuqala kunye nokucwangciswa ngononophelo, kodwa iinzuzo kusetyenziso lwendawo kunye nobuchule bokusebenza buhlala buzodlula iindleko. Xa ifaniswe neemfuno zakho zogcino kunye neentlobo ze-inventri, ezi teknoloji ziya kunika indawo yakho ukhuphiswano.

Ukuzalisekisa iiNdlela eziSebenzayo zoLawulo lweMpahla

Ukwandisa indawo yokugcina impahla kudlulela ngaphaya kwamalungiselelo abonakalayo; indlela olawula kwaye ulawule ngayo uluhlu lwakho lwempahla inefuthe elibonakalayo ekusetyenzisweni kwendawo. Ulawulo olusebenzayo lwe-inventri luqinisekisa ukuba izinto ezifanelekileyo zifumaneka kwimilinganiselo efanelekileyo kunye neendawo, ukunciphisa amanqanaba empahla engadingekile kunye nokukhulula ukugcinwa kokusetyenziswa kwemveliso.

Omnye unobangela omkhulu wokungasebenzi kakuhle kogcino kuluhlu lwezinto ezigqithileyo okanye eziphelelwe lixesha. Ubalo lwemijikelo rhoqo kunye nokuphononongwa kwesitokhwe esihamba kancinci kunceda ekuchongeni izinto ezibopha indawo yexabiso ngokungeyomfuneko. Ukuphumeza iinkqubo ze-inventri zangexesha (i-JIT) kunokunciphisa isitokhwe esigqithisileyo ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni ukuphela kwesitokhwe, ukuqinisekisa ukuba uvimba wakho ugcina kuphela oko kufunekayo xa kuyimfuneko.

Ukusebenzisa uhlalutyo lwe-ABC ukuhlelwa kwe-inventri ngokusekelwe kukubaluleka kunye nokuhamba rhoqo kwenza kube lula ukuphatha kunye nezicwangciso zokugcina. Izinto ezithi 'A' ezihamba rhoqo kwaye zinexabiso eliphezulu, kufuneka zihlale kwiindawo zokugcina ezinokufikelela lula. Izinto zika-'B' kunye no-'C' zinokuthotyelwa kwiindawo ezingafikeleleki lula, nto leyo evumela ukusasazwa kwendawo engcono kunye nokuhamba komsebenzi.

Ngaphezu koko, iindlela zokuwela i-docking zinokunciphisa iimfuno zokugcina ngokuhambisa iimpahla ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka ekufumaneni ukuya ekuhanjisweni kunye nexesha elincinci lokungena. Le ndlela ifanelekile kwiimveliso eziphezulu kunye nokunciphisa iimfuno zendawo yokugcina yonke.

Ukuchaneka koluhlu kubaluleke kakhulu. Iirekhodi zesitokhwe ezingachanekanga zihlala zikhokelela ekugqithiseni okanye ekusetyenzisweni kancinci kwendawo. Ukusebenzisa ukuskena ibhakhowudi, ukuthegiswa kweRFID, kunye nexesha lokwenyani lokulandela uluhlu lwempahla ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zolawulo lwendawo yokugcina impahla kuqinisekisa imfezeko yedatha kunye nocwangciso olungcono lwendawo.

Ekugqibeleni, ukudibanisa ulawulo lwe-inventri olucwangcisiweyo kunye nokuphuculwa kokugcinwa kwenyama kudala isisombululo esipheleleyo kwimingeni yendawo yokugcina. Isicwangciso esisebenzayo soluhlu lwempahla sinciphisa i-clutter, silawula amanqanaba esitokhwe, kwaye sikhulula indawo yokusetyenziswa ngobuchule ngakumbi.

Ukuphucula iinkqubo zeWarehouse kunye nokuhamba komsebenzi

Ucikizeko kwimisebenzi yesitora lubaluleke ngokufanayo nokulungiswa kwendawo ebonakalayo xa kujongwe ukukhulisa ugcino ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Iinkqubo ezilungiselelwe kakubi zingenza ukulibaziseka kunye nokuxinana, ukuchasana neenzuzo zezisombululo zokugcina indawo yokugcina indawo. Ke ngoko, ukuhlalutya kunye nokwenza ngcono ukuhamba komsebenzi kubalulekile.

Qala ngokwenza imephu iinkqubo zangoku ukusuka ekufumaneni nasekubekeni ukuya ekuchongeni, ekupakisheni nasekuthumeleni. Ukuchonga imiqobo efana nokucotha kokubeka okanye iindawo zokuchola ezixineneyo kunokutyhila iindawo apho uyilo okanye uphuculo lwenkqubo luya kuba nempembelelo enkulu.

Ukulinganisa iinkqubo zokusebenza kunye nokubonelela ngemiqondiso ecacileyo kunokukhawuleza ukusebenza kunye nokunciphisa iimpazamo. Umzekelo, ukwabela iindlela ezithile zokukhetha kunye nee-odolo zokudibanisa ngokufanelekileyo kuya kunciphisa umgama wokuhamba kunye nokudinwa kwabasebenzi, ukuphucula ukuphuma ngaphandle kokutshintsha indawo ebonakalayo.

Ukubandakanya itekhnoloji enjengokuchola ilizwi, iisistim zokukhetha ukuya kukukhanya, kunye nezithuthi ezikhokelwayo ezizenzekelayo (AGVs) zinokuhlengahlengisa ukuhamba komsebenzi ngelixa uvumela ugcino oluxineneyo. Ezi teknoloji zinciphisa ixesha lokuphatha ngesandla kunye nokuxhasa imisebenzi echanekileyo nekhawulezayo ngaphakathi kobumbeko oluqiniweyo, olufanelekileyo lwendawo.

Ukucwangcisa ngomnye umbandela obalulekileyo. Ukusasaza umsebenzi ngokulinganayo kulo lonke utshintsho kunye nokulungelelanisa ukufumana kunye neeshedyuli zokuthumela kunokuthintela ukuxinana ekufumaneni iidokhi kunye neendawo zokumisa, ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle kwezithuthi kunye nokusetyenziswa okungcono kwendawo.

Abasebenzi abaqeqeshelwe ukujongana neendima ezininzi banokwandisa ukuguquguquka kwabasebenzi kunye nokuphendula, ngakumbi kumaziko amancinci. Oku bhetyebhetye kunceda ukugcina ukusebenza kakuhle ngaphakathi koyilo oluhlangeneyo ngokwenza uhlengahlengiso olukhawulezayo kwiimfuno zomthwalo womsebenzi.

Ngokudibanisa iinkqubo zogcino oluphuculweyo kunye noyilo lomzimba olugcina indawo, amashishini enza indawo apho amandla okugcina kunye nemveliso yokusebenza iqinisa enye kwenye.

Ukubandakanya izisombululo eziZinzileyo kunye nezinoScalable

Xa ucinga ngezisombululo zogcino, kubalulekile ukuba ucinge ngaphaya kweemfuno zangoku kwaye udibanise uzinzo kunye nobukhulu kwizicwangciso zakho zokwandisa indawo. Isitora esinobungqina bexesha elizayo siya kuziqhelanisa neemfuno eziguqukayo ngaphandle kweendleko, ulungiso oluphazamisayo.

Uzinzo luqala ngokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga kwezinto kunye namandla. Ukusebenzisa iinkqubo zokugcina iimodyuli ezinokuphinda ziqwalaselwe kunceda ukuphepha ukutshintshwa okungadingekile kunye nokunciphisa inkcitho yezinto eziphathekayo. Ukukhanya okuwonga umbane, ulawulo lwemozulu, kunye nomatshini wokwenza izinto ezizisebenzelayo nazo zinegalelo ekunciphiseni iindleko zokusebenza kunye nekhabhoni yesixhobo eso.

Izixhobo zokuphatha izinto eziphathekayo ezifana neeforklift zombane kunye nabahambisi abaxhaswa yimithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo ngakumbi ukomeleza iinzame zozinzo, ukulungelelanisa imisebenzi yesitora kunye neenjongo zoxanduva loshishino lwentlalo.

I-scalability ibandakanya ukuyila izisombululo zokugcina kunye nokuhamba komsebenzi okunokwandiswa ngokulula okanye ukulungelelaniswa njengomthamo we-inventri okanye uluhlu lwemveliso lutshintsha. Ngokomzekelo, iinkqubo zokurhweba ezilungelelanisiweyo zivumela iishelufu ukuba zibekwe ngokutsha ukuze zifake ubungakanani bepallet ezahlukeneyo okanye iimveliso ezintsha. Iisistim ezizenzekelayo ezinamacandelo eemodyuli zinokukhula kunye neemfuno zeshishini ngaphandle kokufuna ukutshintshwa ngokupheleleyo.

Ukucwangciswa kwe-scalability kukwathetha ukubethelela iteknoloji exhasa ukwenziwa kwezigqibo eziqhutywa yidatha. Iinkqubo ezidibeneyo zolawulo lwendawo yokugcina izinto ezibonelela ngohlalutyo zenza kube lula ukuchonga iintsingiselo kunye nokulindela imfuno yohlengahlengiso lokugcina.

Ngokwamkela izicwangciso ezizinzileyo nezinokwehla, amashishini awandisi nje kuphela indawo ekhoyo ngoku kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kodwa akwakhusela utyalo-mali lwawo kunye nokomelela kokusebenza kwekamva.

Ukuqukumbela, ukwandisa indawo yokugcina indawo yokugcina impahla ngaphandle kokuncama ukusebenza kakuhle kufuna indlela elungeleleneyo edibanisa ukulungiswa kwe-layout, izisombululo zokugcina izinto eziphezulu, ulawulo lwe-inventri olunengqeqesho, iinkqubo ezilungelelanisiweyo, kunye nezenzo zokuzinzisa ukucinga kwangaphambili. Ngokudibanisa ezi zinto ngobuchule, abaqhubi bendawo yokugcina iimpahla banokonyusa ugcino logcino ngelixa begcina imisebenzi egudileyo, ekhawulezayo exhasa ukukhula kweshishini. Undoqo uxhomekeke rhoqo ekuvavanyeni okusingqongileyo kwendawo yokugcina impahla, ukusebenzisa itekhnoloji apho kunokwenzeka, kunye nokuhlala ulungelelaniswa neenguqu kuluhlu lwempahla kunye neemfuno zemarike. Ngezi zicwangciso, indawo yakho yokugcina inokuba yindawo yamandla esebenzayo eqhuba zombini imveliso kunye nenzuzo phambili.