Izisombululo zokuGcinwa kweSitora kuMaziko oSasazo oluPhakamileyo

Kwimeko yanamhlanje yezothutho eguquka ngokukhawuleza, amaziko okusasaza anikwe umsebenzi wokulawula umthamo osoloko unyuka weempahla ngelixa ugcina uluhlu lwempahla oluchanekileyo, isantya, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Le mfuno yesantya kunye nokuchaneka inyanzelisa amaziko okusasaza ukuba acinge ngokutsha amacebo abo okugcina indawo yokugcina, amkele izisombululo ezinganyusi nje ukusetyenziswa kwendawo kodwa ziphucule ukuhamba komsebenzi kunye nokunciphisa iimpazamo. Njengoko iinkampani zikhuphisana ukuze zizalisekise iiodolo ngokukhawuleza kunangaphambili, ukuba nenkqubo yokugcina ephuculweyo ayiseyonto ilula kodwa iyimfuneko ebalulekileyo ukuze uphumelele.

Ukukhetha izisombululo ezifanelekileyo zokugcina kudlula nje ukuba nesithuba esaneleyo; ibandakanya ukudibanisa ubugcisa, iziseko zophuhliso, kunye noyilo loyilo olunokuthi luhambelane nesantya esikhawulezileyo sokusasaza. Imakethi yanamhlanje ifuna ukuba iindawo zokugcina izinto zibe bhetyebhetye, zicutheke, kwaye zizenzekele, zibavumela ukuba bahlengahlengise ngokukhawuleza kwiimfuno eziguqukayo ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni ukhuseleko okanye umgangatho. Ukufumanisa kunye nokuphumeza ezi zisombululo kunokuguqula ngokuphawulekayo ukusebenza kwendawo yokugcina impahla, ukuvula umnyango kumanqanaba amatsha okuvelisa kunye nokwaneliseka kwabathengi. Makhe siphonononge ezinye izicwangciso eziyimfuneko kunye nobuchwepheshe obubumba ikamva lamaziko okusasaza akhawulezayo.

Ukuphucula uLwayo lweNdawo yokugcina uKusebenza ngokuPheleleyo

Ilitye lembombo lalo naliphi na iziko lokuhambisa elikhawulezayo liqala ngoyilo lwendlu yokugcina impahla eyilwe ngobukrelekrele. Kwiimeko apho ixesha libaluleke kakhulu, inyathelo ngalinye kunye nokuhamba ngaphakathi kwendawo yokugcina impahla kufuneka kucwangciswe ngononophelo ukunciphisa ukulibaziseka kunye nokuphepha imiqobo. Uyilo oluphuculweyo luqwalasela imiba efana nokubekwa kweedokhi zokwamkela kunye nokuthumela, iindawo zokugcina, iindawo zokuchola, kunye nezikhululo zokupakisha ukudala ukuhamba ngokungenamthungo kwempahla.

Omnye wemigaqo ephambili emva koyilo olusebenzayo kukuzowuna, apho indawo yokugcina yahlulwe yangamacandelo ahlukeneyo ngokusekwe kwiintlobo ze-inventri kunye nokuhamba rhoqo. Umzekelo, iimveliso ezifunwa kakhulu okanye ii-SKU ezidumileyo kufuneka zigcinwe kwindawo ezifikelelekayo kufutshane nezikhululo zokuchola, ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinxulumani azichithi xesha zihamba imigama emide. Ngokuchaseneyo, izinto ezihamba kancinci okanye zininzi zinokubekwa kwiindawo ezikude kakhulu ukukhulula indawo ephambili yoluhlu oluhamba ngokukhawuleza. Izicwangciso ze-cross-docking nazo zinokudityaniswa kuyilo ukuze kulungiswe inkqubo yangaphakathi ukuya kwiinkqubo eziphuma ngaphandle, kudlule ugcino lwemveli lwempahla ethile kwaye ngaloo ndlela kukhawuleziswe imveliso.

Ubume bomzimba beepaseji kunye neeshelufu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ngokunjalo. Ulungelelwaniso lwendlela emxinwa kunye nokugcinwa okuphezulu okuthe nkqo kunokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwendawo ye-cubic ngaphandle kokuncama ukufikelela. Nangona kunjalo, olu yilo kufuneka lulungelelanise ukufikeleleka kunye nesantya, ngokufuthi kubandakanya izixhobo zoomatshini ezifana ne-forklifts okanye i-automated guided vehicles (AGVs) ukuhamba ngeendawo ezixineneyo ngokufanelekileyo. Iingqwalasela zokhuseleko zibaluleke ngokulinganayo kwiindawo ezikhawulezayo zokuthintela iingozi ezinokuphazamisa ukusebenza.

Isishwankathelo, ukwenziwa ngcono koyilo olusebenzayo kufuna ukudibanisa uyilo lwesithuba nezinto eziphambili zokusebenza. Ukusebenzisa isoftware yolawulo lwendawo yokugcina impahla ukulinganisa uyilo olwahlukileyo ngaphambi kokuphunyezwa kunokunceda abaphathi babone ukuhamba komsebenzi kunye nokuchonga ukuphuculwa okunokwenzeka. Injongo kukudala imeko exhasa ukuhanjiswa kwempahla ngokukhawuleza, okungenaziphene, okwenza iziko lonikezelo ukuba lihlale lihlangabezana neeshedyuli eziyimfuneko zonikezelo.

Ukusebenzisa iiNkqubo zoGcino oluPhezulu

Njengoko amaziko okusasaza ephethe umthamo owandayo ngemigca yeemveliso ezahlukeneyo, ukupakishwa kweepalethi zemveli kunye neshelufu zihlala zisilela kwisantya sokuhlangana kunye nethagethi yokusetyenziswa kwendawo. Iinkqubo zokugcina eziphezulu zibonelela ngesisombululo sokuguqula ngokudibanisa ukulungelelaniswa kwendawo kunye ne-automation kunye nolawulo olungcono lwe-inventory.

Enye inkqubo edumileyo ibandakanya iirakhi zokuqukuqela ezizihambelayo, ezisebenzisa ubunzima ukuhambisa iipaliti ukusuka ekulayisheni ukuya kwicala lokuchola ngendlela yokuqala, eyokuqala (FIFO). Le nkqubo ayigcini nje ukwandisa ubuninzi bokugcinwa kodwa iqinisekisa ukujikeleza kwempahla, okuyimfuneko kwizinto ezitshabalalayo okanye iimveliso ezithatha ixesha. Ngokufanayo, ii-rack-back-racks zivumela iipallets ukuba zigcinwe kwiinqwelo ezihamba ngeereyili ezithambekileyo, ezinikezela nge-first-in, first-out (LIFO) ukufikelela kunye nokugcinwa kwe-compact.

Kwizinto ezincinci, iimodyuli zeeshelufu iinkqubo ezinee-flow racks okanye iiyunithi zecarousel zingaphucula isantya sokuchola ngokuzisa uluhlu lwempahla kufutshane nabaqhubi. Ukugcinwa ngokuzenzekelayo kunye neenkqubo zokubuyisela (AS / RS) ziye zaba ngumtshintshi womdlalo kwiindawo ezikhawulezayo. Ezi nkqubo zisebenzisa i-robotic shuttles okanye i-cranes ukugcina ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nokubuyisela iimveliso, ukunciphisa kakhulu ixesha abanxulumanisi elichitha ukuhamba kunye nokukhangela izinto. Ngokudibanisa i-AS / RS kunye nesoftware yolawulo lwendawo yokugcina izinto, amaziko anokulungelelanisa ulandelelwano oluchanekileyo lokukhetha, ukuphucula ukuphuma kunye nokunciphisa iimpazamo.

Ngaphaya koko, iimodyuli zokunyusa ezithe nkqo (VLMs) zinokwandisa indawo ethe nkqo ngelixa zinikezela iimpahla kumphakamo we-ergonomic kubakhi, zikhawulezisa ukuzaliseka komyalelo ngelixa zinciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nomngcipheko wokwenzakala. Ezi sistim zihlala zibandakanya ukuskena ikhowudi yebhakhowudi kunye nokuchola ilizwi ukufezekisa ngakumbi imisebenzi.

Utyalo-mali kwizisombululo zokugcina eziphezulu kufuna ukuqwalaselwa ngenyameko kweentlobo zemveliso, iiprofayili zomyalelo, kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lokusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, iinzuzo zexesha elide kwimveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwendawo zinika imbuyekezo enkulu, ngakumbi kumaziko okuhambisa akhawulezayo apho isekhondi nganye ibala.

Ukusetyenziswa kweeNkqubo zoLawulo lweNdawo yokuGcina (WMS) kuLawulo lweXesha langempela

Kumaziko okusasaza ahamba ngokukhawuleza, ukuthembela kuphela ekulandeleni ngesandla kunye neendlela ze-inventory akusasebenzi. IiNkqubo zoLawulo lweWarehouse (WMS) zibonelela ngomqolo wezobuchwepheshe oyimfuneko ukugcina ukubonakala kwexesha lokwenyani kunye nolawulo kwimisebenzi entsonkothileyo. Ezi nkqubo zilandelela intshukumo yoluhlu lweempahla, zibeke iliso kwimveliso yabasebenzi, kwaye ziququzelele iindlela zokukhetha ezongezelelekileyo zokuqinisekisa ukuhamba komsebenzi ngokufanelekileyo.

I-WMS eyomeleleyo idibanisa neetekhnoloji ezizisebenzelayo ezikhoyo, ezifana nezikena zebhakhowudi, abafundi be-RFID, kunye nezixhobo zokugcina ezizenzekelayo. Oku kudityaniswa kuvumela uhlaziyo olukhawulezileyo kumanqanaba esitokhwe kunye neemeko zomyalelo, okwenza ukuba amaziko okusasaza aphendule ngokukhawuleza ukuguquka kweemfuno kunye nokuphazamiseka okunokwenzeka. Umzekelo, ukuba i-SKU ethile iphantsi, inkqubo inokuphinda iqalise ukuzaliswa kwakhona kwindawo yokugcina okanye amaqela alumkise okuthenga.

Ukongeza, i-WMS ihlala ibandakanya i-algorithms ephucukileyo eyenza izicwangciso zokuchola zisekwe kwiiprofayili zoodolo. Ukuchongwa kwendawo, ukucholwa kwamaza, kunye nokucholwa kweebhetshi kunokulawulwa ngaphandle komthungo, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuhamba kubasebenzi kunye nokukhawulezisa ukusetyenzwa kweodolo. Ngokuhlalutya idatha yembali, ezi sistim zibonelela ngengqiqo enokuthatheka njengamaxesha omyalelo wencopho kunye nezinto ezidityaniswa rhoqo, ezivumela ukubekwa kwe-inventri ngobuchule kunye nolwabiwo lwezibonelelo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo eziphathwayo kunye nokukhetha okukhokelwa lilizwi kuphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kwe-WMS ngokukhulula abasebenzi kumaphepha kunye nokungena ngesandla. Ezi zixhobo zinciphisa iimpazamo zomntu kwaye zikhawulezise unxibelelwano kuwo wonke umgangatho wendawo yokugcina impahla, ukunceda iziko lokuhambisa ligcine i-throughput ephezulu ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuchaneka.

Lilonke, i-WMS ebanzi ibalulekile ekunxibelelaniseni ukuchongwa okuntsonkothileyo kwabantu, iimveliso, kunye noomatshini kwiindawo zokugcina iimpahla ezikhawulezayo. Ixhobisa abaphathi ukuba benze izigqibo eziqhutywa yidatha, baphucule abasebenzi, kwaye baqinisekise ukuba izibophelelo zabathengi zihlangatyezwa ngexesha.

Ukubandakanya i-Automation kunye neRobhothi

Ukuzenzekelayo ngokukhawuleza kuba yinto ecacileyo yamaziko okusasaza kwisizukulwana esilandelayo, ngakumbi ezo zisebenza kwiindawo zesantya esiphezulu. Ngokuthumela iirobhothi kunye noomatshini abazenzekelayo, iindawo zokugcina iimpahla zinokunyusa isantya, zinciphise iimpazamo, kwaye ziphucule ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi.

Iisistim zokuthutha kunye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlela zibonelela ngomqolo obalulekileyo wokuhambisa iimpahla ngokukhawuleza phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zesitora. Ezi nkqubo zinokuthi zenziwe ngokwezifiso kunye neenzwa kunye nolawulo oluhlakaniphile ukulungisa isantya kunye nomzila ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zexesha langempela, ukuphucula ukugqithiswa ngokubanzi. Izithuthi ezizenzekelayo ezikhokelwayo (AGVs) kunye neerobhothi ezihambayo ezizimeleyo (AMRs) ziya zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha iipalati okanye izinto zomntu ngamnye, ukunciphisa ubunzima bomzimba kubasebenzi kunye nokunciphisa iimpazamo zokuphatha ngesandla.

Iingalo zokuchola iirobhothi kunye neerobhothi ezisebenzisanayo okanye “iicobots” zongeza umsebenzi womntu ngokuphatha imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo, echanekileyo njengokuchola izinto ezincinci okanye ukupakisha iibhokisi. IiCobots zisebenza kunye nabasebenzi, ziphucula imveliso ngelixa zigcina ukuguquguquka ukuziqhelanisa nemisebenzi emitsha ngaphandle kwenkqubo enzima. Ukufunda ngoomatshini kunye nophuculo lwe-AI kuvumela ezi robhothi ukuba ziphucule ukusebenza kwazo ngokuhamba kwexesha, ziqhelanise nesakhiwo esikhethekileyo kunye noluhlu lweziko ngalinye.

Ukuphumeza i-automation kufuna utyalo-mali olukhulu kunye nokucwangciswa ngononophelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba itekhnoloji idibanisa ngokungenamthungo kunye neenkqubo ezikhoyo kunye nokuhamba komsebenzi. Nangona kunjalo, isantya kunye nokuchaneka kweenzuzo zihlala zikhokelela ekubuyiseleni ngokukhawuleza kutyalo-mali. Kwakhona, ukuphuculwa kokhuseleko oluphunyeziweyo ngokunciphisa umsebenzi wezandla kunciphisa ixesha lokunciphisa kunye neengozi zetyala.

Ngokudibanisa ubuchule bomntu kunye nezixhobo ezizenzekelayo ezithembekileyo, amaziko okusasaza ahamba ngokukhawuleza anokuguqula imisebenzi yawo ibe yimodeli ekhulileyo, enobungozi ekwaziyo ukujongana neemfuno eziguquguqukayo ngaphandle kokuncama umgangatho okanye isantya.

Ukuphucula uQeqesho lwaBasebenzi kunye ne-Ergonomics

Kwanezona ziseko ziphambili zogcino-mpahla kunye nobuchwepheshe ziya kusilela ukuba abasebenzi abaqeqeshwanga ngokwaneleyo kwaye abaxhaswanga. Kumaziko okusasaza okukhawulezayo, isakhono sabasebenzi kunye nokuba sempilweni kunempembelelo ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kunye namazinga empazamo.

Iinkqubo zoqeqesho eziqhubekayo ezigxile ekusetyenzisweni ngendlela eyiyo kwezixhobo, iiprothokholi ze-warehouse, kunye neendlela zokhuseleko zibalulekile. Ukongeza kwi-onboarding yokuqala, iikhosi zokuhlaziya kunye noqeqesho olunqamlezayo luvumela abasebenzi ukuba baziqhelanise nokutshintsha ukuhamba komsebenzi kunye nobuchwepheshe, beqinisekisa ukuguquguquka. Uqeqesho kubuchwephesha obutsha obufana nokuchola-chola ilizwi okanye i-robotic interfacing yakha ukuzithemba kwaye yandisa izibonelelo zenkqubo.

I-Ergonomics yenye into ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwabasebenzi. Iindawo ezihamba ngokukhawuleza zihlala zibandakanya ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiweyo, ukuphakamisa okunzima, kunye nexesha elongezelelweyo lokuma, konke oku kunokukhokelela ekulimaleni nasekudinweni. Ukuyila iindawo zokusebenza kunye neendawo zokuchola ezinomgangatho ohlengahlengiswayo weshelufu, iimethi zokulwa nokudinwa, kunye nezixhobo ezifikelelekayo kunciphisa uxinzelelo kubasebenzi. Izisombululo ezizenzekelayo ezifana nee-VLM okanye izixhobo zokukha zinokunciphisa kakhulu imithwalo yomzimba ngelixa unyusa isantya.

Ngaphaya koko, ukukhuthaza inkcubeko efanelekileyo yendawo yokusebenza ekhuthaza impendulo, ukusebenzisana, kunye nokwamkelwa kunceda ukugcina isimilo esiphakamileyo kunye nokugcinwa. Abasebenzi ababandakanyekayo banikela ingqalelo ngakumbi, banemveliso, kwaye bakhuthazekile ukuhlangabezana neenjongo eziyimfuneko.

Utyalo-mali kwimpilo-ntle yabasebenzi kunye noqeqesho ekugqibeleni luguqulela ekusebenzeni kakuhle, iimpazamo ezimbalwa, kunye nendawo ekhuselekileyo. Kumaziko okusasaza okukhawulezayo, into yomntu ihlala iyi-asethi enamandla ecaleni kobuchwepheshe kunye neziseko.

Ukuqukumbela, amaziko okusasaza okukhawulezayo ajongene nemingeni ekhethekileyo efuna izisombululo ezintsha zokugcina iimpahla. Ukusuka kuyilo loyilo olucingisisiweyo kunye neenkqubo zogcino oluphezulu ukuya kwi-automation ye-automation kunye nesoftware yolawulo eyomeleleyo, onke amacandelo adlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni isantya, ukuchaneka, kunye nokuguquguquka. Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo kugxininiso kubasebenzi ngoqeqesho olubanzi kunye nezenzo ze-ergonomic, ukuqinisekisa ukuba izibonelelo zabasebenzi kunye neteknoloji zisebenza ngokubambisana.

Ngokudibanisa ezi zicwangciso, amaziko okusasaza akanakuhlangabezana neemfuno zemarike zanamhlanje ezihamba ngokukhawuleza kuphela kodwa azilungiselele ukuba aphumelele phakathi kokukhula kunye nobunzima bexesha elizayo. Isiphumo sisenzo esiguqukayo, esisebenzayo, kunye nokuqina okukwaziyo ukunikezela ngenkonzo ekumgangatho ophezulu kwindawo enokhuphiswano olukhulayo. Nokuba kuphuculwe amaziko akhoyo okanye kuyilwa amatsha, ukwamkela ezi zisombululo kunika indlela ecacileyo yokugqwesa kokusebenza.