Ukuxinana kweWarehouse kwiZikhungo zoMveliso: Indlela i-Industrial Racking elungelelanisa ngayo ukuhamba kwezinto

Ngokwengxelo yakutshanje yeBhunga leMfundo noPhando lweWarehousing (WERC), ngaphezulu kwama-65% abaqhubi beendawo zokugcina impahla baye baxela ukuba banengxaki yokuxinana okukhulu kwiindawo zabo. Oku kuxinana akupheleli nje ekungasebenzeni kakuhle kodwa kukwanegalelo ekwandeni kweendleko zokusebenza, okuchaphazela inzuzo iyonke yamashishini. Njengoko iinkampani zizama ukwenza lula uthungelwano lwazo lwezinto ezisetyenziswayo kunye nokuphucula ulawulo lwazo lwekhonkco lokubonelela, ukuphunyezwa kweenkqubo zokurhangqa izinto zoshishino kuye kwavela njengesisombululo esibalulekileyo sokunciphisa ukuxinana kunye nokuphucula ukuhamba kwezinto.

Imeko yemizi-mveliso itshintsha ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ngenxa yoko, imfuneko yezisombululo zokugcina impahla ezisebenzayo ayikaze ibonakale ngakumbi. Ukukhula korhwebo lwe-e-commerce kunye nemfuno yexesha lokuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza kubeke uxinzelelo olungakaze lubonwe kwimisebenzi yokugcina impahla, nto leyo enyanzela imibutho ukuba icinge ngokutsha ngamaqhinga ayo okuphatha izinto. Kule meko, ukuqonda indlela iinkqubo zokubeka izinto kwimizi-mveliso ezinokunciphisa ngayo ukuxinana kubalulekile kwiinkampani ezijonge ukuhlala zikhuphisana kwaye zisebenza kakuhle.

Ukuqonda ukuxinana kweWarehouse

Ukuxinana kweendawo zokugcina impahla ngokuyintloko kuvela ekucwangcisweni okungafanelekanga kunye nokugcinwa kwezinto. Xa izinto zingacwangciswanga kakuhle, ukuhamba ngeenyawo okugqithisileyo, iindlela ezivaliweyo, kunye neendlela zokusebenza ezingasebenzi kakuhle zinokwenzeka, nto leyo ekhokelela kwixesha elide lokucubungula kunye nokugcinwa kwexesha elide kulawulo lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. Ngokutsho kophando olwenziwe yiNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), izisombululo zokugcina ezinganeleyo zinokunyusa iindleko zokusebenza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30% ngenxa yexesha elichithwayo ekufumaneni nasekucwangcisweni. Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuxinana ziquka iinkqubo zokugcina ezinganeleyo, uyilo lwezixhobo olungalunganga, kunye nobuninzi beempahla ezingenayo neziphumayo kunokuba bekulindelwe.

Ngaphezu koko, ukuxinana kuchaphazela imveliso yabasebenzi. Abasebenzi banokuchitha ixesha elininzi bekhangela iimveliso okanye behambahamba kwimiqobo ngenxa yokungalungelelani, ngaloo ndlela behlisa umoya kwaye bandise amathuba eengozi. Kwiindawo zokugcina impahla ezixineneyo kakhulu, kunokuthatha ixesha elide ukufumana nokuthumela ii-odolo, nto leyo enciphisa ulwaneliseko lwabathengi kwaye ekugqibeleni inokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni lishishini. Ke ngoko, ukuqonda nokujongana nezizathu eziphambili zokuxinana kubalulekile ekuphuculeni imisebenzi yeendawo zokugcina impahla.

Ukuze kuliwe noku, amashishini kufuneka abeke phambili ukuphunyezwa kwezisombululo zokugcina ezilungiselelweyo ezinokuhlangabezana nokwahluka kwamanqanaba empahla kunye nokuhamba kwezinto. Kulapho iinkqubo zokubeka iimpahla kwimizi-mveliso zisebenza khona, zibonelela ngezisombululo eziguquguqukayo zokwandisa indawo ekhoyo ngelixa zixhasa ukuhamba kweempahla ngokulula.

Indima yeeNkqubo zokuQokelela iiRacks kwiZimboni

Iinkqubo zokurhangqa izinto zoshishino zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kweendawo zokugcina impahla ngokubonelela ngokugcinwa okucwangcisiweyo kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto. Ezi nkqubo ziquka ukurhangqa okukhethwayo, ukurhangqa okufakwayo kwi-drive-in, ukurhangqa okubuyela umva, kunye nokurhangqa ukuhamba kwepallet, nganye ilungiselelwe iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zempahla kunye neemfuno zokusebenza. Umzekelo, ukurhangqa okukhethwayo kuvumela ukufikelela lula kwipallet nganye kwaye kwandisa amanqanaba empahla nge-square foot, okwenza ukuba ibe yeyona ifanelekileyo kwiindawo zokugcina impahla ezinoluhlu lwemveliso olwahlukeneyo.

Iinkqubo zokurhangqa zivumela indawo yokugcina izinto ngokuthe nkqo, nto leyo eyonyusa ngokufanelekileyo umthamo wendawo yokugcina izinto ngaphandle kwesidingo seenyawo ezingaphezulu zesikwere. Njengoko ii-warehouse namhlanje zizama ukufumana uxinano oluphezulu lweendawo zokugcina izinto ngelixa zigcina ukufikeleleka, izisombululo zokurhangqa izinto ezininzi ziye zaduma. Iinkampani ziyakwazi ukusebenzisa ubude ukuze ziphuhlise amanqanaba ongezelelweyo okugcina izinto, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa umlinganiselo ofunekayo kwimisebenzi yazo.

Uyilo olucwangcisiweyo lweenkqubo zokurhangqa lubalulekile ekulungiseleleni amanqanaba aguquguqukayo ezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nokwenza kube lula ukuhamba kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. Ngokwenza ngcono ububanzi beendlela kunye nokukhetha ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo lweendawo zokurhangqa, izixhobo zinokunciphisa ukuxinana okubangelwa ziingxaki kwaye ziphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokukhetha iiodolo kunye nokugcwalisa kwakhona. Ngaphezu koko, iinkqubo zokurhangqa zanamhlanje zinokubandakanya ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-RFID bokulandelela ngokuchanekileyo izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, okuvumela ukubonakala kwamanqanaba esitokhwe ngexesha langempela okongeza kuphela umgangatho wokusebenza kakuhle kwimisebenzi.

Ukuphucula ukuhamba kwezinto ngezisombululo zokurhangqa

Ukuhamba kakuhle kwezinto kubalulekile kwimisebenzi yokugcina impahla ephumelelayo. Iinkqubo zokurhangqa izinto zoshishino zenza kube lula oku ngokuvumela iindawo zokugcina impahla ukuba ziyile uyilo oluxhasa ukubekwa kwemveliso ngendlela enengqondo, iindlela zokukhetha izinto ngokukhawuleza, kunye namaxesha okunciphisa umjikelo. Ezi nkqubo ziqinisekisa ukuba izinto ezitshintsha kakhulu zigcinwa kwiindawo ezifikelelekayo ngelixa izinto ezihamba kancinci zibekwe kude, nto leyo enciphisa ixesha lokuhamba kwabasebenzi beendawo zokugcina impahla.

Ukuqaliswa kokwenziwa kwezinto ngokuzenzekelayo, kunye nezisombululo zokufaka izinto ezirhangqiweyo, kunokwandisa ezi nzuzo. Izithuthi ezikhokelwayo ngokuzenzekelayo (ii-AGV) kunye neenkqubo zokukhetha iirobhothi zinokuhamba ngokulula kwiindlela zokubeka izinto ezirhangqiweyo ezenzelwe ukuphucula indawo, nto leyo ephucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle kokuhamba kwezinto. Ukusetyenziswa kwesoftware yokucwangcisa uyilo kunye nolawulo lwempahla kuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izinto zemisebenzi yokugcina impahla ziyahambelana, ukusuka ekufumaneni iimpahla ukuya ekuzalisekeni kwee-odolo.

Inkalo ebalulekileyo yokwenza ngcono ukuhamba kwezinto kukuqinisekisa ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo phakathi kobuninzi bezinto ezigciniweyo kunye nokufikeleleka. Ukungaphumeleli ukufikelela kolu lungelelwaniso kunokukhokelela ekuxinaneni xa abasebenzi besokola ukufumana izinto ezibekwe ngasemva kakhulu kwinkqubo yokurhangqa. Ke ngoko, icebo eliguquguqukayo eliqwalasela amanqanaba ahlukeneyo esitokhwe kunye namaxesha oku-odola okuphezulu kubalulekile ekufezekiseni ukuhamba okufanelekileyo.

Ukudibanisa Indlela Yokuphucula Eqhubekayo

Ukusebenzisa iinkqubo zokurhangqa izinto zoshishino akuyonto nje eyenziwa kube kanye kodwa kuyinxalenye yendlela yokucinga yokuphucula eqhubekayo ehambelana nemigaqo yokugcina izinto ezingasetyenziswanga. Ukuphucula okuqhubekayo kubandakanya ukuvavanya rhoqo ukusebenza kakuhle kweendlela zokugcina izinto kunye nokulungisa ngokusekelwe kutshintsho kumazinga okutshintsha kwezinto ezikhoyo, iipateni zemfuno yexesha elithile, kunye neemeko zemarike eziguqukayo.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo, abaqhubi beendawo zokugcina impahla kufuneka bamisele izalathisi zokusebenza eziphambili (ii-KPI) ezilandelela imilinganiselo efana nexesha lokucubungula ii-odolo, ukuchaneka kwempahla, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwendawo. Ngaphezu koko, ukufumana ingxelo evela kubasebenzi kuya kuvelisa ulwazi oluxabisekileyo malunga nemingeni yokusebenza kunye nophuculo olunokwenzeka, ngaloo ndlela kuqiniswe inkcubeko yokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kunye nokukhawuleza emsebenzini.

Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwenkqubo yokurhangqa kunye noyilo lwendawo yokugcina impahla kuya kunceda ekuchongeni iingxaki kunye nesidingo sotshintsho olunokwenzeka. Ngokubandakanyeka kuphononongo olucwangcisiweyo kunye nokusebenzisa uhlalutyo lwedatha, imibutho inokulungelelanisa izisombululo zayo zokurhangqa ukuze iphucule ukusebenza kakuhle ngokuhamba kwexesha ngelixa inciphisa ukuxinana.

Impembelelo yezeMali yokuQokelela ngokuSebenzayo

Iingenelo zemali zokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokurhangqa ezisebenza kakuhle kwimizi-mveliso zidlulela ngaphaya kokunciphisa nje ukuxinana kweendawo zokugcina impahla. Ngokweqikelelo lwemizi-mveliso, inkqubo yokurhangqa ecwangcisiweyo kakuhle inokubangela ukwanda kwe-20% kumthamo wokugcina impahla. Olu buchule lokugcina impahla engaphezulu ngaphandle kokufumana indawo engaphezulu kwesikwere lunokubangela ukonga okukhulu.

Ngaphezu koko, ukuphucula ukuhamba kwezinto kunokubangela ukuphunyezwa kweodolo ngokukhawuleza, okunefuthe elihle kulwaneliseko lwabathengi kunye nokuphinda kusebenze. Ukuxinana okuncinci kuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo neengozi ezimbalwa kunye nokwenzakala emsebenzini, nto leyo ethetha ukuba iiprimiyamu zeinshorensi eziphantsi kunye neendleko ezincitshisiweyo ezinxulumene nokujika kwabasebenzi.

Ekugqibeleni, ukutyala imali kwiinkqubo zokurhangqa amashishini kunokubangela i-ROI ephawulekayo kumashishini azinikele ekuphuculeni imisebenzi yawo yokugcina impahla. Ukusebenza kakuhle okongeziweyo, imveliso ephuculweyo, kunye nokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwiimfuno zemarike zezinye zeziphumo amashishini anokulindela kwezi ntuthuko zesicwangciso.

Njengoko urhwebo lwe-e-commerce luqhubeka luchuma, ukubaluleka kokulungelelanisa imisebenzi yeendawo zokugcina impahla kuya kukhula ngakumbi. Ngokusebenzisa ngobuchule izisombululo zokubeka izinto kwiindawo zokugcina impahla kunye nokukhuthaza inkcubeko yokuphucula okuqhubekayo, imibutho ayinakukwazi nje kuphela ukuhamba kwiingxaki zokuxinana kweendawo zokugcina impahla kodwa iyakwazi ukukhula kwindawo enokhuphiswano olukhulayo.

Ngamafutshane, ukuxinana kweendawo zokugcina impahla kubeka umngcipheko omkhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kweshishini ngokubanzi. Ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokurhangqa amashishini, iinkampani zinokwenza kube lula ukuhamba kwezinto, zidale indawo yokusebenza ehlelekileyo, kwaye zonyuse imveliso. Ngaphezu koko, indlela yokuziphatha yokuphucula eqhubekayo iya kwenza le mibutho ikwazi ukulungelelanisa amaqhinga ayo ngokuphendula kwimiba yemarike etshintsha rhoqo. Ukuphunyezwa kwezisombululo zokurhangqa ezisebenzayo kunokubangela inzuzo ezinzileyo kumandla eendawo zokugcina impahla, umoya wabasebenzi, kunye nokusebenza kwemali, kubeka amashishini kwindawo efanelekileyo yokukhula kwexesha elizayo.