Izisombululo zokuQokelela kwiMizi-mveliso: Iindlela ezilungileyo zokuphumeza

Kwindawo yanamhlanje yezoshishino ekhawulezayo, izisombululo zokugcina ezifanelekileyo ziye zaba yinto ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni ngcono imisebenzi kunye nokugcina inzuzo yokukhuphisana. Iinkqubo zokurhangqa izimboni ziphambili kolu phuculo, zinika amashishini amandla okwandisa indawo, ukuphucula ukufikeleleka, kunye nokulawula kakuhle ulawulo lwezinto ezikhoyo. Nokuba kuqhutywa yindawo yokugcina impahla, indawo yokuvelisa, okanye iziko lokuhambisa, uyilo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezisombululo zokurhangqa kubalulekile kwimpumelelo yokusebenza. Eli nqaku lijonga kwiindlela eziphambili zokuphumeza iinkqubo zokurhangqa izimboni, ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo yakho ayihlangabezani neemfuno zayo zokugcina izinto zangoku kuphela kodwa ikwalungele ukukhula kunye notshintsho kwixesha elizayo.

Izisombululo ezisebenzayo zokurhangqa ziquka okungaphezulu nje kokubeka iipalethi; zifuna ucwangciso olucingisisiweyo, ukuqonda izixhobo kunye nendlela yokusebenza, kunye nokunamathela kwimigaqo yokhuseleko. Ngendlela efanelekileyo, iinkampani zinokuphepha iimpazamo ezibizayo ezifana nokusetyenziswa kwesithuba okungasebenzi kakuhle, iimpahla ezonakeleyo, kunye neengozi zomsebenzi. Kula macandelo alandelayo, siza kuhlola iinkalo ezibalulekileyo zokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yokurhangqa, ukusuka kucwangciso lokuqala kunye noyilo ukuya kwizinto eziqwalaselwayo kulondolozo kunye nokhuseleko.

Ukuqonda Iimfuno Zendawo kunye Nocwangciso Loyilo Lwendawo Yokugcina Izinto

Ngaphambi kokukhetha nayiphi na inkqubo yokurhangqa, kubalulekile ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo iimfuno zendawo yesakhiwo sakho kunye neendlela zokusebenza ngaphakathi kwendlu yokugcina impahla. Isiseko sokuphunyezwa ngempumelelo sikwindlela yokuyila inkqubo ehambelana neemfuno zokugcina ezizodwa, iintlobo zeemveliso, kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza kwesakhiwo. Ukuqonda ngokucacileyo ukusetyenziswa kwendawo akupheleli nje ekuphuculeni umthamo wokugcina kodwa kuphucula nokusebenza kakuhle kwiinkqubo zokukhetha nokugcwalisa.

Qala ngokwenza uhlalutyo olucokisekileyo lwemithamo yokugcina izinto ekhoyo, ubungakanani bemveliso, kunye namazinga okutshintsha kwezinto ezilindelweyo. Ukongeza, qwalasela uqikelelo lokukhula lwexesha elizayo ukuze uphephe uyilo olutsha rhoqo okanye ukwandiswa okubiza kakhulu. Ucwangciso loyilo lwe-warehouse kufuneka lubandakanye ukuzoba iipaseji, iimodyuli zokurhangqa, kunye nendawo yomgangatho ngendlela eqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle kwabasebenzi kunye nezixhobo ezifana neefolokhwe okanye izithuthi zokubuyisa izinto ezizenzekelayo.

Cinga ngokuphakama kophahla lwendlu yokugcina impahla, njengoko indawo yokugcina impahla ngokuthe nkqo inokunyusa kakhulu umthamo kodwa ifuna izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye namanyathelo okhuseleko. Ububanzi beendlela kufuneka bulungele iintlobo zeefolokhwe ezisetyenziswayo ngelixa kunciphisa indawo echithwayo. Ezinye iindlela, ezifana neendlela ezincinci okanye iindlela ezincinci kakhulu, zilungele ukwandisa uxinano kodwa zinokuchaphazela isantya sokuchola, ngoko ke olu tshintshiselwano kufuneka luhlolwe ngononophelo.

Ukudibanisa izixhobo zesoftware ezifana neenkqubo zolawulo lwe-warehouse (WMS) kunye ne-3D modeling kunokubonelela ngengqiqo ebalulekileyo ngokulinganisa uyilo kunye nokuchonga iingxaki ezinokubakho. Ukukhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi kwabaphathi be-warehouse, abasebenzi be-logistics, kunye neenjineli zoyilo kuqinisekisa ukuba onke amaqela ayaqonda iimfuno zokusebenza kunye nemida. Ekugqibeleni, ucwangciso oluneenkcukacha ngaphambi kokufakwa lunokuthintela iimpazamo ezibizayo kwaye luqinisekise ukuba inkqubo ye-racking ixhasa iinjongo zoshishino zangoku nezexesha elizayo ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukuvavanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeNkqubo zokuQokelela iiRacking zeZimboni

Izisombululo zokurhangqa iirakhi zemizi-mveliso ziza ngeendlela ezininzi, nganye ifanele iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zokugcina kunye neendlela zokusebenza. Ukuqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeerakhi ezikhoyo kunokunceda iinkampani zikhethe ezona zifanelekileyo kwiimfuno zazo ezithile. Ezinye zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo ziquka iirakhi ezikhethiweyo, iirakhi zokuqhuba kunye neerakhi zokuqhuba, iirakhi zokubuyisela umva, iirakhi zepallet flow, kunye neerakhi zecantilever.

Iirakhi ezikhethiweyo zezona zisombululo ziqhelekileyo, zibonelela ngokufikelela ngqo kwipalethi nganye kwaye zivumela ukujikeleza okukhawulezayo kwempahla. Zibonelela ngokuguquguquka ekugcineni iintlobo ngeentlobo zobungakanani bemveliso kwaye zilungele imisebenzi efuna ulwahlulo oluphezulu lwe-SKU. Nangona kunjalo, zinokuthatha indawo engaphezulu yomgangatho xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela.

Iirakhi zokungena kunye nezokungena zinyusa uxinano lokugcina ngokuvumela iiforklift ukuba ziqhube ngqo kwiindawo zeerakhi. Ezi nkqubo zisebenza ngokukodwa ekugcineni inani elikhulu leemveliso ezifanayo kodwa zithintela ukufikelela kwiipalethi, ngokubanzi zilandela indlela yolawulo lwempahla ye-Last In, First Out (LIFO) okanye i-First In, First Out (FIFO) kuxhomekeke kuyilo.

Iirakhi zokutyhala umva kunye neerakhi zokugeleza kwepallet zivumela indawo yokugcina enoxinano olukhulu kunye nokukwazi ukujikeleza imveliso okuphuculweyo. Iirakhi zokutyhala umva zigcina iipallet kwiinqwelo ezifakwe iindlwane, zivumela iipallet zokugqibela ukuba zibe zezokuqala ukuphuma, zilungele i-inventory ye-LIFO. Iirakhi zokugeleza kwepallet zisebenzisa ii-gravity rollers ukuhambisa iipallet ukusuka kwisiphelo sokulayisha ukuya kwisiphelo sokukhetha, okuvumela ulawulo lwe-inventory ye-FIFO.

Iirakhi zeCantilever zenzelwe ukugcina izinto ezinde okanye ezinkulu ezifana neepayipi, imithi, okanye iintsimbi. Uyilo lwazo oluvulekileyo ngaphambili lwenza kube lula ukufikelela kwimpahla eneemilo ezingaqhelekanga.

Ukukhetha inkqubo yokurhangqa efanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwizinto eziquka iintlobo zomthwalo, uhlobo lwe-SKU, imida yendawo, izinga lokutshintsha kwezinto ezikhoyo, kunye nezixhobo zokuphatha ezisetyenzisiweyo. Kubalulekile ukuhlalutya ezi parameters ngononophelo, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, thethana neengcali zesisombululo sokurhangqa ukuze ulungiselele inkqubo elinganisela uxinano, ukufikeleleka, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

Ukuqinisekisa uKhuseleko kunye nokuThotyelwa kweMithetho ekuFakelweni kweeRacking

Ukhuseleko kwindawo yokusebenza lubaluleke kakhulu xa kusetyenziswa izisombululo zokurhangqa izithuthi zoshishino. Ukufakelwa okungafanelekanga okanye ukungahoyi imigangatho yokhuseleko kunokukhokelela kwiingozi, ekonakaleni kwemveliso, kunye noxanduva olusemthethweni. Ukuthobela imigaqo nemigangatho yasekhaya neyamazwe ngamazwe yinto enyanzelekileyo ekusebenziseni ukurhangqa izithuthi.

Qala ngokukhetha iirakhi ezenziwe ngezinto ezisemgangathweni ophezulu ezenzelwe ukumelana nemithwalo elindelekileyo. Inkqubo nganye yokurakhisa kufuneka ize neenkcukacha ezineenkcukacha malunga nomthamo ophezulu womthwalo kwishelufu nganye kunye nesakhelo serakhi. Ukudlula le mida kuyayibeka emngciphekweni isidima sesakhiwo.

Ukufakelwa kobuchwephesha kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoko iirakhi kufuneka zibotshelelwe ngokukhuselekileyo phantsi kwaye zihlanganiswe ngokulandela izikhokelo zomenzi. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo ngexesha lokufakwa nasemva kokufakwa kunokufumanisa iibholiti ezikhululekileyo, izinto ezingalungelelananga kakuhle, okanye iimpawu zokuguguleka okubangelwa ziimpembelelo zokusebenza.

Ukongeza, misela imigaqo ecacileyo yabaqhubi beeforklift ukunciphisa ukungqubana neerakhi. Ukufaka izithintelo zokukhusela okanye iikholamu kwiindawo ezisengozini kunciphisa umngcipheko womonakalo. Imiqondiso ebonisa imida yomthwalo kunye nokuchongwa kweerakhi kunceda abasebenzi bevenkile yokugcina impahla ukuba baphathe uluhlu lwezinto ngokukhuselekileyo.

Ukuqeqesha abasebenzi ngeendlela ezilungileyo zokhuseleko ezifana nokubeka imithwalo ngendlela efanelekileyo, ukusasazwa kwemithwalo, kunye neenkqubo zongxamiseko kudala inkcubeko yokukhathalela ukhuseleko. Ukuqeqeshwa kwakhona rhoqo kunye nokuhlolwa kokhuseleko kunceda ukugcina imigangatho ephezulu ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ngaphezu koko, ukuthobela imigangatho efana nemigaqo yoKhuseleko lwezeMisebenzi kunye noLawulo lwezeMpilo (OSHA) e-US, okanye imibutho efanayo kwihlabathi liphela, kubalulekile kungekuphela nje ukukhusela abasebenzi kodwa nokuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kokusebenza. Ukwamkela isoftware yokhuseleko okanye izixhobo zokuhlola eziphathwayo kunokwenza kube lula iinkqubo zokubeka esweni kunye nokunika ingxelo, kuvumela ukugcinwa kwangaphambili kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi ngenxa yokulungiswa okanye iingozi.

Ukubandakanya iTekhnoloji yoLawulo oluPhucukileyo lweZinto ezisetyenzisiweyo

Ukuhlanganiswa kwetekhnoloji kwizisombululo zokurhangqa impahla kwimizi-mveliso kuguqula iindawo zokugcina impahla zemveli zibe ziindawo zokugcina impahla ezikrelekrele, nto leyo ephucula ukuchaneka, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokulandeleka. Iinkqubo zolawulo lwezinto ezikhoyo zanamhlanje zinokunxulunyaniswa ngokuqinileyo neziseko zophuhliso zokurhangqa impahla ukuze kuphuculwe ulawulo lwesitokhwe kunye nokuzalisekiswa kwee-odolo.

IiNkqubo zoLawulo lweWarehouse (WMS) zivumela ukulandelelwa kwempahla ngexesha langempela, zibonelela ngeenkcukacha ezichanekileyo malunga nendawo yento, ubungakanani, kunye nemeko yayo. Xa zidityaniswe nezikena zebhakhowudi, iithegi zeRFID, okanye iisensa ze-IoT, i-WMS ingenza iinkqubo zokubala impahla zibe zenzeke ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye inciphise iimpazamo zabantu.

IiNkqubo zokuGcina nokuBuyisa eziZenzekelayo (AS/RS) zimele uhlobo oluphambili lokurhangqa, kusetyenziswa iirobhothi kunye neebhayisekile ukugcina nokubuyisa iimpahla ngaphandle kokungenelela okukhulu komntu. Ezi nkqubo zinokusebenza kwiindawo ezixineneyo okanye kwiindawo zokurhangqa ezinamanqanaba amaninzi, zinyusa uxinano ngaphandle kokuphazamisa isantya.

Ukongeza, ukukhetha okuqondiswe kwilizwi, iiglasi ze-augmented reality (AR), kunye neeapps zeselula zikhokela abasebenzi beendawo zokugcina impahla ngokukhetha, ukupakisha, kunye nokubuyisela izinto kwakhona ngokufanelekileyo, ukunciphisa ixesha loqeqesho kunye nokuphucula ukuchaneka. Ukudibanisa ezi teknoloji kulwakhiwo lwe-racking kuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi banokufikelela kwi-inventory ngokukhawuleza nangokukhuselekileyo ngaphandle kokuhamba ngokungeyomfuneko.

Ukukhanya okonga amandla kunye nolawulo lokusingqongileyo olufakwe kwiinkqubo zokurhangqa, ezifana nokukhanyisa i-LED aisle okanye izinzwa zobushushu, kuncedisa ekunciphiseni iindleko zokusebenza kunye nokugcina umgangatho wemveliso, ingakumbi kwiimpahla ezibolayo okanye ezinobuthathaka.

Ngokwamkela itekhnoloji, iinkampani zenza izisombululo zokubeka izinto eziguquguqukayo nezinokukhuliswa ezingaphuculi nje kuphela imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla kodwa zikwavelisa idatha ebalulekileyo yokuphucula okuqhubekayo kunye nokwenza izigqibo ngokukhawuleza.

Ucwangciso loLondolozo kunye nokuKhula

Imbono yexesha elide ibalulekile xa kuphunyezwa izisombululo zokurhangqa izithuthi zoshishino, kugxininiswa ekugcinweni nasekukhuleni. Iirakhi ezigcinwe kakuhle ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko, zithintela ukulungiswa okubizayo okanye ukutshintshwa, kwaye zigcina ukusebenza kakuhle. Kwangaxeshanye, ukukhulisa kwenza amashishini akwazi ukuziqhelanisa neemfuno ezitshintshayo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okukhulu.

Yila ishedyuli yokulungisa rhoqo ukuze wenze uhlolo, ucoce iirakhi, kwaye uqinise uqhagamshelo loomatshini. Uvavanyo lwamaxesha ngamaxesha kufuneka lujonge ukugqwala, umonakalo wesakhiwo, okanye ukuguquka okubangelwe ziimpembelelo ezingalindelekanga. Amaqela okulungisa kufuneka axhotyiswe ngoluhlu lwezinto ezifunekayo kwaye aqeqeshwe ukuze aqaphele iimpawu zesilumkiso kwangethuba zokusilela okunokwenzeka.

Sebenzisa inkqubo yokunika ingxelo ukuze ubhale phantsi iziganeko, ukulungiswa, kunye notshintsho ukuze kugcinwe ukulandeleka kunye nokunceda ekuhlolweni kokuthobela imithetho. Ukujongana nemiba emincinci ngokukhawuleza kunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi kunye nokulungiswa okungxamisekileyo okubiza kakhulu.

Ukuze kube lula ukukhulisa, uyilo lwe-racking yemodyuli lubonelela ngokuguquguquka, okuvumela ukongeza okanye ukuphinda uhlengahlengise ii-racks njengoko iimfuno zempahla zitshintsha. Cinga ngotshintsho lwexesha elizayo kumxube wemveliso, iimfuno zobuninzi bokugcina, kunye nokuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji xa uyila inkqubo ye-racks ekuqaleni.

Ukudibanisa ubude nobubanzi beeshelufu ezihlengahlengiswayo kwamkela ubungakanani obahlukeneyo beepalethi kwaye kwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwendawo. Intsebenziswano nabathengisi ababonelela ngezisombululo ezinokwandiswa kunye nenkxaso emva kokufakelwa kunokukhusela utyalo-mali kwaye kubonelele ngokufikelela kwiingcebiso zeengcali xa kuyimfuneko.

Kwimeko yokukhula, ukucwangcisa uyilo lweendlela kunye neendawo zokuvula ukuze kulungiselelwe iimodyuli zokugcina ezongezelelweyo okanye izixhobo ezizenzekelayo kukhawulezisa iinkqubo zokwandisa. Ukulinganisela ukusebenza ngoku kunye nokuguquguquka kwexesha elizayo kuqinisekisa ukuba izisombululo ze-rack yemizi-mveliso ziyaqhubeka nokuhlangabezana neenjongo zoshishino ngaphandle kokulungiswa okubiza kakhulu.

Ukuqukumbela, ukuphunyezwa ngempumelelo kweenkqubo zokurhangqa izimboni kuxhomekeke kucwangciso olucokisekileyo, ukukhethwa kwenkqubo okunolwazi, ukuthotyelwa kokhuseleko okungqongqo, ukusebenzisa izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe, kunye namaqhinga okugcina izinto ngendlela ekhawulezayo. Ngokulandela ezi ndlela zibalaseleyo, iindawo zokugcina impahla kunye nezakhiwo zoshishino zinokuphucula kakhulu amandla azo okugcina izinto, ukuhamba komsebenzi, kunye nemigangatho yokhuseleko. Ngovavanyo oluqhubekayo kunye nohlengahlengiso, izisombululo zokurhangqa zinokutshintsha ngokuhambelana nokukhula kweshishini kunye neemfuno zemarike, zigcine ukusebenza kakuhle kwixesha elizayo.

Ukwamkela indlela enobuchule yokwenza i-racking yemizi-mveliso akupheleli nje ekuphuculeni indawo kodwa kukwanegalelo elikhulu ekuphuculeni imveliso yabasebenzi kunye nokwaneliseka kwabathengi ngolawulo olungcono lwempahla. Njengoko amashishini eqhubeka nokukhula kwaye emkela izisombululo ezizenzekelayo kunye nedatha, indima yeziseko zophuhliso ze-racking ezisetyenziswe ngobuchule ihlala isisiseko sokuhlala ukhuphisana kwaye ukhawuleza kwimeko yemarike eguquguqukayo.