Ngā Otinga Whakatakotoranga Ahumahi: Ngā Tikanga Pai mō te Whakatinanatanga

I roto i te taiao ahumahi tere o ēnei rā, kua noho ngā otinga rokiroki whai hua hei mea nui ki te arotau i ngā mahi me te pupuri i te painga whakataetae. Ko ngā pūnaha whatanga ahumahi kei te ngākau o tēnei arotautanga, e tuku ana i te kaha ki ngā pakihi ki te whakanui ake i te wāhi, te whakapai ake i te urunga atu, me te whakahaere i te whakahaere taonga. Ahakoa kei te whakahaere i tētahi whare putunga, i tētahi whare hanga, i tētahi pokapū tohatoha rānei, ko te hoahoa me te whakatinanatanga o ngā otinga whatanga he mea nui ki te angitu o te mahi. Ka rukuhia e tēnei tuhinga ngā mahi pai matua mō te whakatinana i ngā pūnaha whatanga ahumahi, me te whakarite kia kore e tutuki noa i tō whare āna hiahia rokiroki o nāianei engari kia rite hoki mō te tipu me te huringa ā muri ake nei.

Ko ngā otinga whatanga whai hua ehara i te mea ko te whakarārangi papa anake; me whai whakaaro nui ki te whakamahere, te mārama ki ngā rauemi me te rere o te mahi, me te piri ki ngā tikanga haumaru. Mā te huarahi tika, ka taea e ngā kamupene te karo i ngā hapa utu nui pērā i te whakamahinga koretake o te wāhi, ngā taonga pakaru, me ngā tūponotanga ki te wāhi mahi. I ngā wāhanga e whai ake nei, ka tūhuratia e mātou ngā āhuatanga nui o te whakatinanatanga o te pūnaha whatanga, mai i te whakamahere me te hoahoa tuatahi ki te tiaki me ngā whakaaro haumaru.

Te Mārama ki ngā Whakaritenga Wāhi me te Whakamahere Tahora Whare Putunga

I mua i te whiriwhiri i tētahi pūnaha whatanga, he mea nui kia mārama katoa ki ngā whakaritenga ā-wāhi o tō whare me ngā mahi o roto i te whare putunga. Ko te pūtake o tētahi whakatinanatanga angitu ko te hoahoa i tētahi pūnaha e hangai ana ki ngā hiahia rokiroki ahurei, ngā momo hua, me ngā tukanga whakahaere o te whare putunga. Mā te mārama ki te whakamahinga o te wāhi, ehara i te mea ka pai ake te kaha rokiroki engari ka whakarei ake hoki i te whai huatanga o ngā tukanga kohikohi me te whakakī anō.

Tīmata mā te whakahaere i tētahi tātaritanga hōhonu o ngā rahinga rokiroki o nāianei, ngā rahinga hua, me ngā reiti huringa taonga e tumanakohia ana. Hei tāpiri, whakaarohia ngā matapae tipu ā-muri hei karo i ngā whakahounga maha, i ngā whakawhānui utu nui rānei. Me uru ki te whakamahere tahora whare putunga te mahere i ngā ara, ngā waeine whatanga, me te wāhi papa kia pai ai te nekeneke o ngā kaimahi me ngā taputapu pēnei i ngā forklift, ngā waka tiki aunoa rānei.

Whakaarohia te teitei o te tuanui o te whare putunga, nā te mea ka taea e te rokiroki poutū te whakanui ake i te kaha engari me whai taputapu me ngā tikanga haumaru e tika ana. Me uru te whānui o ngā ara ki ngā momo forklift e whakamahia ana, me te whakaiti i te wāhi moumou. Ko ētahi whakatakotoranga, pērā i te ara whaiti, ngā whakatakotoranga ara tino whaiti rānei, he mea pai mō te whakanui ake i te kiato engari ka pā ki te tere o ngā mahi kohi taonga, nō reira me arotake marie tēnei taupatupatu.

Mā te whakauru i ngā taputapu pūmanawa pēnei i ngā pūnaha whakahaere whare putunga (WMS) me te whakatauira 3D ka taea te whakarato i ngā māramatanga whai hua mā te whakatauira i ngā tahora me te tautuhi i ngā arai pea. Mā te whakatenatena i te mahi tahi i waenga i ngā kaiwhakahaere whare putunga, ngā kaimahi ratonga, me ngā miihini hoahoa ka mārama ngā rōpū katoa ki ngā hiahia me ngā herenga whakahaere. Hei whakamutunga, mā te whakamahere taipitopito i mua i te tāutanga ka ārai i ngā hapa utu nui, ā, ka whakarite kia tautoko pai te pūnaha whatanga i ngā whāinga pakihi o nāianei me ngā whāinga pakihi ā muri ake nei.

Te Aromatawai i ngā Momo Rerekē o ngā Pūnaha Whakatakotoranga Ahumahi

He maha ngā momo o ngā otinga whatanga ahumahi, ia momo e tika ana mō ngā whakaritenga rokiroki me ngā rerenga mahi. Mā te mārama ki ngā momo whatanga rerekē e wātea ana ka āwhina i ngā kamupene ki te whiriwhiri i te mea tino pai mō ā rātou hiahia. Ko ētahi o ngā momo e tino kitea ana ko ngā whatanga whiriwhiri, ngā whatanga taraiwa-ki roto me ngā whatanga taraiwa-mā roto, ngā whatanga pana-whakamuri, ngā whatanga rere papa, me ngā whatanga cantilever.

Ko ngā whata whiriwhiri te otinga tino noa, e tuku ana i te urunga tika ki ia papa, ā, e āhei ai te hurihanga o ngā taonga. Ka whakaratohia e rātou he ngāwari ki te penapena i ngā momo rahi hua, ā, he pai hoki mō ngā mahi e hiahia ana ki te kanorau SKU teitei. Heoi, ka nui ake te wāhi e nohoia ana e rātou i ērā atu kōwhiringa.

Mā ngā whata taraiwa-roto me ngā whata taraiwa-roto ka whakanui ake i te kiato o te rokiroki mā te tuku i ngā forklift kia uru tika ki roto i ngā kokoru o te whata. He tino whai hua ēnei pūnaha mō te penapena i ngā rahinga nui o ngā hua ōrite engari he iti noa te urunga ki ngā papa, e whai ana i te tikanga whakahaere taonga Whakamutunga ki roto, Tuatahi ki waho (LIFO) Tuatahi ki roto, Tuatahi ki waho (FIFO) rānei, i runga i te hoahoa.

Mā ngā whata pana-muri me ngā whata rere papa ka taea te penapena kiato nui me te whakapai ake i ngā āheinga hurihuri hua. Mā ngā whata pana-muri ka rongoa ngā papa i runga i ngā kaata kōhatu, ka taea ai ngā papa whakamutunga te puta tuatahi, he pai mō te rarangi taonga LIFO. Ka whakamahia e ngā whata rere papa ngā roera taumaha hei neke i ngā papa mai i te pito uta ki te pito kohi, ka taea ai te whakahaere rarangi taonga FIFO.

He mea hanga ngā whata cantilever hei pupuri i ngā taonga roa, nunui rānei pērā i ngā paipa, rakau, maitai rānei. Mā te hoahoa tuwhera o mua ka māmā ake te uru atu ki ngā taonga āhua koretake.

Ko te whiriwhiri i te pūnaha whatanga tika e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā āhuatanga tae atu ki ngā momo kawenga, te momo SKU, ngā herenga wāhi, te tere hurihanga o ngā taonga, me ngā taputapu whakahaere e whakamahia ana. He mea nui kia āta tātarihia ēnei tawhā, ā, ki te tika, me kōrero ki ngā tohunga otinga whatanga hei whakarite i tētahi pūnaha e taurite ana i te kiato, te urunga atu, me te whai huatanga o te mahi.

Te Whakapūmau i te Haumaru me te Whakatutukitanga i roto i te Tāutanga Racking

He mea nui te haumaru i te wāhi mahi ina whakamahia ana ngā otinga whatanga ahumahi. Mā te tāutanga hē, te kore rānei e aro ki ngā paerewa haumaru ka arahi pea ki ngā aituā, ki te kino o ngā hua, me ngā herenga ture. Ko te ū ki ngā ture me ngā paerewa ā-rohe me te ao he wāhanga e hiahiatia ana mō te whakatinanatanga o ngā whatanga.

Tīmata mā te whiriwhiri i ngā whatanga i hangaia mai i ngā rauemi kounga teitei kua hangaia hei tu atu i ngā kawenga e tumanakohia ana. Me tae mai ki ia pūnaha whatanga ngā whakaritenga taipitopito mō ngā kaha kawenga mōrahi mō ia whata me te anga whatanga. Mēnā ka nui ake ēnei herenga, ka whakararu i te pumau o te hanganga.

He mea nui te tāutanga ngaio, nā te mea me mau te punga o ngā whatanga ki te papa, ā, me huihui kia rite ki ngā aratohu a te kaihanga. Mā ngā tirotiro auau i te wā me muri i te tāutanga ka kitea he pūtu wetekina, he wāhanga hē te tūnga, he tohu rānei o te pakaru me te haehae i puta mai i ngā pānga mahi.

Hei tāpiritanga, whakatūria he tikanga mārama mō ngā kaiwhakahaere forklift hei whakaiti i ngā tukinga ki ngā whatanga. Mā te tāuta i ngā arai tiaki, i ngā pare pou rānei ki ngā wāhi ngoikore ka whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga kino. Mā ngā tohu e tohu ana i ngā here kawenga me te tautuhi whatanga ka āwhina i ngā kaimahi whare putunga ki te whakahaere haumaru i ngā taonga.

Mā te whakangungu i ngā kaimahi ki ngā tikanga pai mō te haumaru pērā i te whakarārangi tika, te tohatoha kawenga, me ngā tikanga ohorere ka waihangahia he ahurea e aro nui ana ki te haumaru. Mā te whakangungu anō me ngā arotake haumaru i ia wā ka āwhina i te pupuri i ngā paerewa teitei i roto i te wā.

Heoi anō, ko te tutuki i ngā paerewa pēnei i ngā ture a te Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) i te US, i ngā whakahaere rite rānei o te ao, he mea nui ehara i te mea hei tiaki i ngā kaimahi anake engari hei whakarite hoki i te haere tonu o te mahi. Mā te whakamahi i ngā pūmanawa haumaru, i ngā taputapu tirotiro pūkoro rānei ka taea te whakahaere i ngā tukanga aroturuki me te tuku pūrongo, ka taea ai te tiaki matatau me te whakaiti i te wā kore mahi nā ngā whakatikatika, ngā aituā rānei.

Te Whakauru i te Hangarau mō te Whakahaere Taonga Whakapai Ake

Ko te whakaurunga o te hangarau ki roto i ngā otinga whatanga ahumahi kei te huri i ngā whare rokiroki tuku iho hei whare putunga atamai, e whakarei ake ana i te tika, te whai huatanga, me te whai i ngā taonga. Ka taea te hono pūmau i ngā pūnaha whakahaere rawa o ēnei rā ki ngā hanganga whatanga hei whakapai ake i te whakahaere rawa me te whakatutuki i ngā ota.

Mā ngā Pūnaha Whakahaere Whare Taonga (WMS) ka taea te aroturuki i ngā taonga i te wā tūturu, ka whakaratohia he taipitopito tika mō te wāhi o ngā taonga, te rahinga, me te tūnga. Ina honoa ki ngā matawai waehere pae, ngā tohu RFID, ngā pūoko IoT rānei, ka taea e te WMS te whakahaere aunoa i ngā tukanga tango taonga me te whakaiti i ngā hapa a te tangata.

Ko ngā Pūnaha Rokiroki me te Whakahoki Aunoa (AS/RS) he momo whatanga matatau, e whakamahi ana i ngā karetao me ngā kaikawe hei penapena me te tiki taonga me te iti o te wawaotanga a te tangata. Ka taea e ēnei pūnaha te mahi i roto i ngā taiao whaiti, i ngā whakatakotoranga whatanga maha-taumata rānei, ka whakanui ake i te kiato me te kore e whakaiti i te tere.

Hei tāpiritanga, mā te reo-kōhiko, mā ngā mōhiti mooni whakanuia (AR), me ngā taupānga pūkoro ka ārahi i ngā kaimahi whare putunga i roto i ngā mahi kōhikohi, tākai, me te whakakī anō i ngā taonga, ka whakaiti i te wā whakangungu me te whakapai ake i te tika. Mā te whakauru i ēnei hangarau ki roto i te tahora whatanga ka taea e ngā kaimahi te uru atu ki ngā taonga me te tere me te haumaru me te kore e hiahiatia he haerenga.

Ko ngā rama penapena-pūngao me ngā mana whakahaere taiao kua whakauruhia ki roto i ngā pūnaha whatanga, pērā i ngā rama ara LED me ngā pūoko pāmahana, ka whai wāhi ki te whakaiti i ngā utu whakahaere me te pupuri i te kounga o te hua, inā koa mō ngā taonga pirau, ngā taonga tairongo rānei.

Mā te awhi i te hangarau, ka hangaia e ngā kamupene ngā otinga whatanga tauine, ngāwari hoki e kore e whakapai ake i ngā mahi o ia rā engari e whakaputa raraunga whai hua hoki mō te whakapai tonu me te whakatau kaupapa matatau.

Te Whakamahere mō te Tiaki me te Whakawhanuitanga

He mea nui te tirohanga roa mō te wā e whakatinana ana i ngā otinga whatanga ahumahi, me te aro nui ki te tiaki me te tauine. Mā ngā whatanga e tiakina pai ana ka whakarite i te haumaru, ka ārai i ngā whakatikatika utu nui, i ngā whakakapinga rānei, ā, ka tiakina hoki te whai huatanga o te mahi. I te wā kotahi, mā te tauine ka taea e ngā pakihi te urutau ki ngā tono hurihuri me te kore e nui ngā whakararuraru.

Whakawhanakehia he kaupapa tiaki auau hei tirotiro, hei horoi i ngā whatanga, hei whakau hoki i ngā hononga miihini. Me tirotiro ngā aromatawai ā-wā mō te waikura, ngā pakaru hanganga, ngā whakarerekētanga rānei i puta mai i ngā pānga ohorere. Me whai rārangi arowhai ngā tīma tiaki, ā, me whakangungua hoki kia kite wawe i ngā tohu whakatūpato mō ngā pakaru pea.

Whakatinanahia he pūnaha pūrongo hei tuhi i ngā aituā, ngā whakatikatika, me ngā whakarerekētanga hei pupuri i te whai i ngā mahi, hei āwhina hoki i ngā arotakenga ture. Mā te aro wawe ki ngā take iti ka whakaiti i te wā kore mahi me ngā whakatikatika ohorere utu nui.

Mō te tauine, ka tukuna e ngā hoahoa whatanga tauwehe te ngāwari, ka taea ai te tāpiri, te whirihora rānei i ngā whatanga i te whanaketanga o ngā hiahia taonga. Whakaarohia ngā huringa ā muri ake nei o te ranunga hua, ngā whakaritenga kiato rokiroki, me ngā whakapainga hangarau i te wā tuatahi e hoahoa ana i te pūnaha whatanga.

Mā te whakauru i ngā whata ka taea te whakarerekē i te teitei me te whānui, ka taea te whakauru i ngā rahi papa rerekē, ā, ka whakanui ake i te whakamahinga o te wāhi. Mā te mahi tahi me ngā kaihoko e whakarato ana i ngā otinga tauine me te tautoko i muri i te tāutanga ka taea te tiaki i ngā haumitanga me te whakarato urunga ki ngā tohutohu a te tohunga ina hiahiatia.

I roto i te horopaki o te tipu, mā te whakamahere i ngā tahora o ngā ara me ngā wāhi wātea hei whakauru i ngā waeine rokiroki tāpiri, i ngā taputapu aunoa rānei, ka tere ake ngā tukanga whakawhānui. Mā te whakataurite i te whai huatanga o nāianei me te urutau ā muri ake nei ka whakarite kia tutuki tonu ngā whāinga pakihi i ngā otinga whatanga ahumahi me te kore he whakahounga utu nui.

Hei whakamutunga, ko te whakatinanatanga angitu o ngā pūnaha whatanga ahumahi e whakawhirinaki ana ki te whakamahere tupato, te whiriwhiri pūnaha whai whakaaro, te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga haumaru, te whakamahi i ngā auahatanga hangarau, me ngā rautaki tiaki matatau. Mā te whai i ēnei tikanga pai, ka taea e ngā whare putunga me ngā whare ahumahi te whakapai ake i te kaha rokiroki, te rere o ngā mahi, me ngā paerewa haumaru. Mā te aromatawai me te urutau tonu, ka taea e ngā otinga whatanga te whanake i runga i te tipu o te pakihi me ngā tono o te mākete, me te pupuri i te whai huatanga ki te heke mai.

Mā te awhi i tētahi huarahi rautaki ki te whatanga ahumahi, ehara i te mea ka whakapai ake i te wāhi anake, engari ka whai wāhi nui hoki ki te whakapai ake i te hua o ngā kaimahi me te pai o te makona o ngā kiritaki mā te whakahaere rawa pai ake. I te mea kei te whanake tonu ngā ahumahi me te awhi i ngā otinga aunoa me ngā otinga e ahu mai ana i ngā raraunga, ko te tūranga o te hanganga whatanga kua whakatinanahia me te whakaaro nui he mea nui tonu hei noho whakataetae me te tere i roto i te taiao mākete hihiri.