IiNkqubo zokuRhoxisa iWarehouse zikuphucula ukuSetyenziswa kwendawo kunye noKhuseleko

Imisebenzi yesitora ngumqolo wamashishini amaninzi, eqinisekisa ukuba iimpahla zihamba kakuhle ukusuka kwimveliso ukuya kubathengi. Kwimeko enjalo ephezulu, ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwendawo ekhoyo ngelixa ukugcinwa kwemigangatho ekhuselekileyo yokhuseleko kuvela njengento ephambili ebalulekileyo. Ulawulo olululo lwesitora luchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle, ulawulo lweendleko, kunye nentlalontle yabasebenzi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba kube yimfuneko ukwamkela ubuchule kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo. Phakathi kwezi, iinkqubo zokurhwasha impahla zigqama njengesisombululo esiyimfuneko, esivumela amashishini ukuba aphinde avelise indlela alawula ngayo uluhlu lwempahla, ukwandisa indawo yomgangatho, kunye nokukhuthaza indawo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo.

Ukutyala ixesha kunye nezixhobo ekuqondeni ukuba iinkqubo zokurhweba kwindawo yokugcina iimpahla zinokutshintsha njani indawo yakho ayisenanto yokuzikhethela-ibalulekile. Njengoko imizi-mveliso ikhula kwaye ifuna ukunyuka, uxinzelelo lokugcina iimpahla ezininzi kwindawo encinci ngelixa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi luya luqina. Eli nqaku liphonononga iingenelo eziziintlobo ngeentlobo zeenkqubo zokurhwaphiliza kwendawo yokugcina impahla, linikezela ngemibono ngendlela eziphucula ngayo ukusetyenziswa kwendawo kunye nokhuseleko oluxhasayo. Ukusuka kwiindidi zokurhweba ukuya kwimigaqo yoyilo kunye nokugcinwa, siya kujonga imiba eyenza indawo yokugcina impahla ibe lilitye lembombo lolawulo lolungiselelo lwangoku.

Ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kweSithuba ngoGcino oluthe nkqo

Kuyo nayiphi na indawo yokugcina impahla, indawo yomgangatho yenye yezona zinto zixabisekileyo. Iindlela zokugcina zemveli zihlala zibandakanya ukupakisha iimpahla ngokuthe ngqo emgangathweni okanye ukusebenzisa iiyunithi zeshelufu ezinkulu, ezikhupha ngokukhawuleza indawo ekhoyo. Iinkqubo zokurhwaphiliza kwi-Warehouse ziguqula oku ngokuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwesithuba esithe nkqo, umlinganiselo osoloko ungahoywa kulawulo lwempahla. Ngokwandisa ugcino ukuya phezulu, ezi nkqubo zonyusa kakhulu umthamo wogcino ngaphandle kwesidingo sokwandisa indawo yokugcina izinto, ngaloo ndlela zenza ukuba unyawo ngalunye lubale.

Iisistim zokurhweba ezithe nkqo ezifana neeracks ezikhethiweyo, iirakhi zepallet, kunye neerakhi zokuqhuba zivumela ukupakishwa okucwangcisiweyo kweempahla kwiindawo eziphakamileyo ezahlukeneyo. Oku akunciphisi i-clutter kuphela kodwa kukwaququzelela ukubuyiswa okulula kunye nokugcinwa kwakhona. Ngokukwazi ukufikelela kwiinyawo ezininzi ngaphezulu komhlaba usebenzisa iiforklift okanye iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo, iindawo zokugcina iimpahla zinokuphinda-phinda amandla azo okugcina ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ukongeza, ngokwahlula iimpahla kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo, abaqhubi banokuhlela iimveliso ngokubhekisele kwireyithi yentengiso okanye ubungakanani babo, ngaloo ndlela bekhawulezisa ukuthathwa kweodolo kunye nokunciphisa ukungasebenzi kakuhle.

Ngaphezu koko, ukusetyenziswa kweendawo ngeyona ndlela kukhokelela ekongiweni kweendleko ngokulibazisa okanye ukuphelisa imfuneko yokwandiswa kwendawo yokugcina impahla. Utyalo-mali kwiinkqubo zokurhwaphiliza kudla ngoqoqosho ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa nokuqeshisa indawo eyongezelelweyo okanye ukwakhiwa kweendawo ezintsha zokugcina. Ukuguquguquka koyilo lweerekhi zemodyuli kuthetha ukuba amashishini anokulungelelanisa uyilo lwawo logcino ngokusekwe kwiimfuno ezitshintshayo ze-inventri, ukuguquguquka kwamaxesha onyaka, okanye imigca emitsha yemveliso. Oku kuncipha kuqinisekisa ukuba indawo yokugcina impahla ihlala igugile kwaye iphendula, ikhulisa ukusetyenziswa ngokuqhubekayo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okukhulu.

Ekugqibeleni, ukugcinwa ngokuthe nkqo ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokurhweba kuguqula i-squat, indawo yokugcina impahla engasebenzi kakuhle ibe ziindawo eziphakamileyo zezinto ezicwangcisiweyo. Ngokucinga ukuya phezulu kunokuba ubheke ngaphandle, iinkampani zenza imali kumthamo opheleleyo wezibonelelo zazo, ziqhuba zombini ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nenzuzo.

Ukuphucula i-Inventory Organisation kunye nokuFikelela

Ukusetyenziswa kwendawo kuphela akuqinisekisi ukusebenza kakuhle kwendawo yokugcina izinto; ukufikeleleka lula kunye nolungiselelo zibaluleke ngokulinganayo. Iinkqubo zokurhwasha impahla kwindawo yokugcina iimpahla zibonelela ngesikhokelo esicwangcisiweyo esonyusa ulawulo loluhlu lwempahla ngokuhlanganisa iimpahla ngokucwangcisiweyo. Olu cwangciso olucwangcisiweyo lunciphisa ixesha elichithwe ekufuneni izinto, liqinisekisa ukubala kwe-inventri echanekileyo, kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko womonakalo wemveliso ngexesha lokuphatha.

Iinkqubo zokurhweba zibonelela ngolungelelwaniso olwahlukeneyo olulungelelaniswe kwiintlobo ezithile ze-inventri, ukusuka kwimpahla ephalethisiweyo ukuya kwiindawo ezincinci kunye nezixhobo ezinkulu. Ii-racks ezikhethiweyo zivumela ukufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-pallet nganye, ukwenza uluhlu lwempahla lufikeleleke lula kwaye luququzelele indlela yokuqala yokungena, eyokuqala (FIFO) okanye yokugqibela, eyokuqala (LIFO) njengoko kufuneka. Iindlela ze-FIFO, umzekelo, zinceda ekulawuleni izinto ezitshabalalayo ngempumelelo ngokuqinisekisa ukuba isitokhwe esidala sithunyelwa kuqala.

Ukufikeleleka okuphuculweyo ngokufakwa kwerakhi nako kunciphisa imiqobo kumgangatho wendawo yokugcina impahla. Ngokumisela ngokucacileyo iindlela zokugcina kunye nokugcina iindlela phakathi kwee-racks, ii-forklifts kunye nabasebenzi banokuhamba kakuhle ngaphandle kokuxinana. Oku kuqukuqela okunyukayo akukhawulezisi nje ukuzaliseka komyalelo kodwa kuthoba namathuba eengozi ezibangelwa kukuhamba ngokukhawuleza okanye okumxinwa.

Ukudityaniswa kobuchwepheshe kwandisa ngakumbi ulungelelwaniso. Ukuseta iirakhi zala maxesha zidla ngokubandakanya izikena zebarcode, iithegi zeRFID, okanye ugcino oluzenzekelayo kunye neenkqubo zokubuyisa (AS/RS) ezinxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo nesoftware yolawulo lwendawo yokugcina impahla (WMS). Le synergy inikezela ukubonakala kwexesha lokwenyani kumanqanaba esitokhwe kunye neendawo, ukunciphisa iimpazamo zabantu kunye nokulungelelanisa imijikelo yokuzaliswa kwakhona. Xa abasebenzi bekwazi ukufumana iimveliso ngoko nangoko, amaxesha okutshintsha ayancipha, nto leyo ekhokelela ekwanelisekeni okuphezulu kwabathengi kunye nokugqwesa okupheleleyo kokusebenza.

Isishwankathelo, indawo yokugcina impahla ecwangcisiweyo exhotyisiweyo yi-racking esebenzayo iphucula ukuhamba kakuhle komsebenzi, ikhuthaza ukulandelwa kwe-inventory echanekileyo, kwaye idala inkqubo apho ukufikeleleka kuhambelana nokuxinana, kungekhona ukuyibeka phantsi.

Ukomeleza uKhuseleko lweNdawo yoMsebenzi kunye nokuNcitshiswa kweMingcipheko

Ukhuseleko lubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo zokugcina iimpahla, apho oomatshini abanzima, iishelufu eziphezulu, kunye nokuhamba rhoqo kudala iingozi ezinokubakho. Iinkqubo zokurhwasha impahla zinegalelo elikhulu kukhuseleko lwendawo yokusebenza ngokubonelela ngezisombululo ezicwangcisiweyo nezizinzileyo ezinciphisa umngcipheko weengozi ezibandakanya ukuwa kwezinto okanye ukungqubana kwezixhobo.

Iinkqubo zokurhwasha ezifakwe ngokufanelekileyo ziyilelwe ukuthwala imithwalo ebalulekileyo ngokukhuselekileyo, ukuthintela ukuwa ngengozi okunokwenzakalisa abasebenzi okanye konakalise iimpahla. Iiracks ezininzi zibandakanya iimpawu zokhuseleko ezifana neempawu zomthwalo, izitshixo ze-beam, kunye ne-guardrails ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo. Ngokumisela imilinganiselo yobunzima kwinqanaba ngalinye kwaye uyinyanzelise ngokuyila kunye nokuhlolwa, iindawo zokugcina iimpahla zithintela iingozi ezinxulumene nokugqithiswa.

Ukuchazwa okucacileyo kweendawo zokugcina ngokurhangqwa nako komeleza ukhuseleko lwabahambi ngeenyawo. Xa izinto zibekwe ngokuthe ngqo emgangathweni okanye zigcinwe ngokungacwangciswanga, iindlela zokuhamba zihlala zixinene, okonyusa amathuba okutyibilika, ukuhamba, kunye nokuwa. I-Racking igcina ii-aisles ezivulekileyo, ivumela i-forklifts kunye nabasebenzi ukuba bahambe ngokukhuselekileyo. Iikholamu zenkxaso kunye neekona zee-rack zinokukhuselwa ngee-bumpers okanye abalindi ukunciphisa umonakalo obangelwa yimpembelelo yengozi.

Uqeqesho lwabasebenzi malunga nokusetyenziswa kweerekhi kunye neeprothokholi zokhuseleko yenye into ebalulekileyo edityaniswe nezibonelelo zenkqubo yokurhaqa. Ukwazisa abasebenzi malunga nomthamo womthwalo, iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokupakisha, kunye nokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwe-forklift kukhuthaza inkcubeko yokwazisa ngokhuseleko. Ukongeza, ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa kweeracks kunciphisa umngcipheko wobuthathaka besakhiwo obunokuthi bukhokhelele kwiingozi.

Ukudityaniswa koyilo lwe-ergonomic rack, njengokuphakama kweshelufu okuhlengahlengiswa ngokulula kunye neendawo ezifikelelekayo zepallet, kunciphisa uxinzelelo kubasebenzi ngokunciphisa ukunyuswa okungathandekiyo okanye ukugqithisa. Ezo ngqwalasela ziphucula intuthuzelo yabasebenzi, zinciphisa ukwenzakala okunxulumene nokudinwa, kwaye zonyusa imveliso.

Enyanisweni, iinkqubo zokurhwaphiliza ezicwangciswe kakuhle zikhusela abasebenzi, zikhuthaza ukuphathwa kwezixhobo ezikhuselekileyo, yaye zinciphisa ixesha elibangelwa ziingozi, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ukhuseleko nokusebenza kakuhle kuyahambisana.

Ukuququzelela uLawulo lweMpahla kunye nokuSebenza ngokuFanelekileyo

Iinkqubo zokurhangqa indawo yokugcina azizisombululo nje zogcino olungatshintshiyo; zibalulekile ekuphuculeni ulawulo lwempahla kunye nokuphucula ukuhamba komsebenzi. Ngokucwangcisa ukugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo nangokufanelekileyo, iinkqubo zokurhweba zivumela iinkampani ukuba zamkele iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokulawula uluhlu lwempahla, ukunciphisa iimpazamo, kunye nokwandisa iindleko zabasebenzi.

Enye inzuzo ephawulekayo kukuba iiracks zenkxaso zibonelela ngeendlela ze-inventory nje-ngexesha (JIT). Umiselo lweendawo zokugcina ezahlula ngokucacileyo iindidi zesitokhwe kunye nokugcina ukufikelela lula kuququzelela ukuhanjiswa rhoqo kunye nokuhanjiswa okukhawulezayo, ukunciphisa ukugcinwa kwe-inventri egqithisileyo. Oku kulungelelaniswa kuvumela amashishini ukuba aphendule ngokukhawuleza ukuguquguquka kwemfuno yeemarike ngaphandle kokufumana iindleko ezingeyomfuneko zokugcina.

Iinkqubo zokurhweba zikwanxibelelana neetekhnoloji ezizenzekelayo ukunyusa isantya kunye nokuchaneka kwimisebenzi yendawo yokugcina impahla. Ugcino oluzenzekelayo kunye neenkqubo zokubuyisa, ukudityaniswa komthumeli, kunye nabacholi berobhothi bonke baxhomekeke kulwakhiwo lwe-rack olulungelelanisiweyo ukwenza imisebenzi yabo ngaphandle komthungo. Olu manyano lunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kumsebenzi wezandla, lunciphisa iimpazamo zokukhetha, kwaye lukhawulezise amaxesha okulungiswa kwee-odolo.

Ngokumalunga nokulungiswa kwabasebenzi, iinkqubo ezicacileyo ezibhalwe ngokucacileyo kunye neendawo ezifanelekileyo zokurhweba zinciphisa ixesha lokuhamba kwabasebenzi ngaphakathi kwendawo yokugcina impahla. Imigama emifutshane yokuhamba ilingana nokukhetha odolo ngokukhawuleza, ukuncipha kokudinwa, kunye nokuphuculwa kwesimilo sabasebenzi. Imisebenzi efana nokubalwa komjikelo we-inventri ilawuleka ngakumbi ngokuleyibhelishwa kweerack ezicwangcisiweyo kunye nolawulo lwendawo.

Ngaphezu koko, ukukhuthaza indlela ecwangcisiweyo yolawulo lwempahla kunceda ukuchonga izinto ezihamba kancinci okanye isitokhwe esiphelelwe lixesha. Abaphathi banokuhlenga-hlengisa okanye baphinde babeke indawo yokubeka ukuze baqhube kakuhle, babeke phambili iimveliso ezidumileyo, kunye nokugcina amanqanaba esitokhwe alungeleleneyo. Idatha eveliswe ngeenkqubo ezihlanganisiweyo zolawulo lwendawo yokugcina iimpahla ezinxulunyaniswa nezikhundla zokurhweba zixhobisa ukwenza izigqibo ezinengqiqo kunye nocwangciso lwexesha elide.

Ukufaka i-incapsulate, iinkqubo zokupakisha indawo yokugcina zisebenza njengabaququzeleli abangabonakaliyo emva komsebenzi ngamnye osebenzayo, okwenza ulawulo lwe-inventri luchaneke ngakumbi, luguquguquke, kwaye lungabizi kakhulu.

Ukuziqhelanisa neeMfuno zexesha elizayo ngoYilo oluguquguqukayo kunye nolunoScalable

Ubume beshishini buhlala buguquka, kwaye kufuneka ngokunjalo neziseko zoncedo ezixhasa imisebenzi yesitora. Olunye lwamandla aphambili eenkqubo zala maxesha zokurhwasha impahla kukuguquguquka kunye nokuqina, okwenza ukuba iindawo zokugcina iimpahla ziqhelane nokutshintsha kweeprofayili zemveliso, imiqulu, kunye neendlela zobuchwepheshe.

Amacandelo e-racking yemodyuli avumela izibonelelo ukuba zilungelelanise ngokutsha, zandise, okanye zicuthe ugcino lwezakhiwo njengoko iimfuno zokusebenza zitshintsha. Umzekelo, imiqadi ehlengahlengiswayo kunye neefreyimu ezithe tye zenza kube lula ukwenza ubude beshelufu yeesayizi ezahlukeneyo zeemveliso ngaphandle kwexesha elibanzi okanye iindleko. Oku kuziqhelanisa kuluncedo kumashishini afumana ukuguquguquka kwemfuno yamaxesha onyaka, ukunyuswa kwentengiso, okanye ukwahluka kweemveliso.

Ukongeza, uninzi lweenkqubo zokurhwaphiliza ziyahambelana nobuchwepheshe obuvelayo obunje ngezithuthi ezikhokelwayo ezizihambelayo (AGVs) kunye neerobhothi. Njengoko i-automation izuza ukuvelela, ukuba nesiseko se-racking esihambisa obu buchwepheshe buqinisekisa ukudityaniswa okugudileyo ngaphandle kokulungiswa okukhulu. Iimpawu ezifana neepaseji ezibanzi kunye neshelufu eyomeleziweyo eyilelwe ukuxhasa izixhobo zokuchola iirobhothi zinceda utyalo-mali oluqinisekileyo lwexesha elizayo.

Iingqwalasela zozinzo zikwanegalelo kuyilo olubhetyebhetye. Ezinye iiracks zanamhlanje zakhiwe ngezinto ezizinzileyo okanye ezihlaziyiweyo kwaye zakhiwe ngokulula kunye nokufuduswa, ukulungelelaniswa namanyathelo okugcina indawo eluhlaza. Amashishini ke ngoko anokunciphisa imikhondo yokusingqongileyo ngelixa egcina ubukhali bokusebenza.

Ngaphaya koko, njengoko urhwebo lwe-e-commerce luqhubeka nokunyuka kwemeteoric, iindawo zokugcina iimpahla zijongene neemfuno ezikhulayo zokuzalisekiswa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokwahluka kweemveliso eziphezulu. Iisistim zokurhweba ezikhawulezayo zenza uhlengahlengiso lwexesha langempela kugcino kunye noyilo, ukuxhasa iimodeli ezixubileyo ezilungelelanisa ukugcinwa kobuninzi kunye nokuncinci, i-inventri ehamba ngokukhawuleza yokuthunyelwa ngokukhawuleza.

Ekugqibeleni, ukwamkela i-racking eguquguqukayo kunye ne-scalable racking yendawo yokugcina ibeka amashishini ukuba ahlale ekhuphisana, ephendula, kwaye omelele kwindawo yentengiso eguquka ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuqukumbela, iisistim zokurhweba kwindawo yokugcina iimpahla zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuguquleni iindawo zokugcina iimpahla zibe zii-hubs zokusebenza kakuhle, ukhuseleko kunye nokuguquguquka. Ngokwandisa indawo ethe nkqo, ukuphucula ulungelelwaniso lwe-inventri, ukuqinisa ukhuseleko kwindawo yokusebenza, ukuququzelela ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokubonelela ngezisombululo ezinobunzima, ezi nkqubo zimele indlela ebanzi kwimingeni yendawo yokugcina impahla. Ukuphunyezwa kweqhinga lokurhwaphiliza akugcini nje ukukhulisa ukugcinwa komzimba kodwa kukwahambisa ukuhamba komsebenzi, ukuxhasa intlalontle yabasebenzi, kunye nokuhambelana neendlela zobuchwepheshe bexesha elizayo.

Iinkampani ezifuna ukugcina inzuzo yokukhuphisana kufuneka ziqaphele iinkqubo zokurhweba kwindawo yokugcina iimpahla kungekuphela nje njengezixhobo zogcino kodwa njengezixhobo ezibalulekileyo zemveliso nokhuseleko. Utyalo-mali kwizisombululo ezifanelekileyo zokurhweba namhlanje kulungiselela iindawo zokugcina iimpahla ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zangomso ngokuzithemba nangokukhawuleza.