Whatanga Papa Hōhonu Takirua mō te Rokiroki Nui

E rua ngā paraka poto hei kukume i te kaipānui:

Ka whakataurite tonu ngā tohunga whare putunga i ngā hiahia whakataetae o te kiato o te rokiroki, te wātea me te nui o te hua. Ina iti te wāhi engari ka tae mai ngā taonga kua whakapūmauhia ki roto i ngā papa i roto i ngā tauira ōrite, ka taea te matapae, mā te rautaki whatanga kua whiriwhiria marietia ka taea te whakatuwhera i ngā hua nui o te kaha e taea ai te whakamahi me te pupuri i te whai huatanga o ngā mahi. Mena kei te tūhura koe i ngā huarahi hei penapena i ngā hua me te kore e whakawhānui nui i tō tapuwae, e whakahou rānei i tō waka kawe katoa, ka whakaratohia e ngā whakaaro o tēnei tuhinga he aratohu whai hua me te whakaaro rautaki hei āwhina i a koe ki te aromatawai i ō kōwhiringa.

Ka rukuhia e tēnei tuhinga tētahi huarahi whatanga mahi e whakanui ana i te kiato o te rokiroki mā te whakarite i ngā papa e rua te hohonu ki ia mata o te kohi. He mea hanga tēnei mā ngā kaiwhakahaere mahi, ngā kaihoahoa whare putunga, ngā tohunga hoko, me ngā tīma whakahaere e hiahia ana ki te mārama me pēhea te whakamahere, te whakatinana, me te whakahaere i tētahi whirihoranga rokiroki papa kiato ake, me te whakataurite i te urunga, te haumaru, me te utu. Pānuihia tonu kia tūhuratia ai ngā taipitopito hangarau, ngā taupatupatu whakahaere, ngā whakaaro haumaru, me ngā pānga pūtea ka pā ki te pai o tēnei huarahi ki tō whare me ngā whāinga pakihi.

Tirohanga Whānui: te mahi a te rokiroki papa rua-hohonu me te wāhi e tika ana

I roto i ngā taiao whare putunga maha, ko te whakatau mō te momo whatanga hei whakamahi ka whakawhirinaki ki te taumahatanga i waenga i te kiato rokiroki me te whiriwhiringa. Ko te pūnaha e penapena ana i ngā papa e rua te hohonu i ia taumata e whai ana ki te kimi i te ara waenga i waenga i te whatanga whiriwhiri kotahi-hohonu, e whakarato ana i te whiriwhiringa katoa engari e pau ana te wāhi nui ki ngā ara, me ngā pūnaha kaha ake pēnei i te whatanga taraiwa-ki-roto, pana-whakamuri rānei, e whakanui ana i te kiato engari ka taea te whakararu i te whiriwhiringa me te urunga. Ko te rokiroki hohonu-rua ka whakarite i ngā papa e tūhono ana ki muri i runga i ngā kurupae kawenga kia puta ai i ia mata o te pikau he papa kotahi e taea te uru atu, ko te papa tuarua kei muri tonu i a ia. Ko te urunga ki te papa tuarua me neke, me tiki rānei i te tuatahi, me whakamahi rānei i ngā forklift me ngā āheinga toro atu whānui i runga i te whirihoranga.

He tino pai tēnei huarahi mō ngā mahi e whakahaere ana i ngā rahinga nui o ngā SKU me ngā kōtaha tono pumau, i ngā wāhi rānei ka taea te whakarite i ngā tukanga whakakī me te kohikohi hei pupuri i te whiriwhiringa mō ngā SKU tino hohe. Ka mahi anō hoki mō ngā whare kāore e taea te whakawhānui i te whare, ā, ko te whakanui ake i te kiato poutū me te kokoru te huarahi ki te whakaputanga nui ake. Hei tauira, ko ngā pokapū tohatoha e tautoko ana i te whakakī hokohoko, ngā kaihanga e pupuri ana i te putunga putea o ngā rauemi mahi-i-te-tinana, me ngā whare putunga rokiroki makariri e whai ana ki te tiaki i te rahinga pūtoru utu nui e kite ana he mea whakamīharo ngā whakaritenga e rua-hohonu.

He rerekē ngā huarahi hei whakatinana i tētahi tahora hōhonu-rua. Ko tētahi huarahi noa ko te whakamahi i ngā anga whatanga whiriwhiri paerewa me ngā kurupae kua whirihorahia ki ngā hōhonutanga kokoru hohonu ake, me te hiahia ki ngā āpitihanga forklift motuhake, ki ngā taraka toro atu rānei hei tango i te papa o muri me te kore e whakararuraru i te mea o mua. Ko tētahi atu huarahi ko te hono i ngā kurupae paerewa me ngā huihuinga poutū ki ngā reera tautoko papa e āhei ai te urunga o muri mā roto i ngā tikanga kukume, mā te neke rānei i te papa o mua mō tētahi wā poto. Ka pā ia tikanga ki te reremahi mahi, te momo taputapu e hiahiatia ana, me te wā whakahaere mō ia nekehanga papa.

He mea nui, me whai whakaaro tahi te hoahoa o ngā ara, te whānui o ngā ara, me ngā āheinga o ngā taraka hiki me te whakatau whatanga. Ka taea e te whatanga hohonu-rua te whakaiti i te maha o ngā ara e hiahiatia ana mō tētahi kaha rokiroki, engari me whai tikanga whakahaere motuhake me ngā rautaki whakanoho taonga hei karo i te pikinga o te wā tiki me ngā reiti hapa. Heoi, ina whakatinanahia me te whakaaro nui, ka nui ake te pikinga o ngā tūranga papa mō ia putu tapawha o te rokiroki hohonu-rua, he maha ngā wā kāore e hiahiatia he whakahou nui i te whare putunga.

Ngā whakaaro hoahoa me te whakamahere mō te whakatinanatanga

Ko te whakatinanatanga whai hua o tētahi otinga rokiroki hohonu-rua ka tīmata mā te whakamahere ātaahua e whai whakaaro ana ki ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o ngā hua, te tahora o te whare putunga, me te waka whakahaere rauemi. He mea nui ngā āhuatanga ā-rahi o ngā papareti—te roa, te whānui, te teitei, me te iri o te hua. Ko ngā papareti he rite te rahi me te āhua kawenga ka whakangawari i te hoahoa whatanga, ā, ka taea te whakawhāiti ake i ngā āputa me te whakapai ake i te hohonu o te ara. He rerekē, ko ngā rahi papareti whakauru me nui ake te mokowā, ā, ka whakaiti pea i ngā hua rokiroki e tumanakohia ana mai i ngā tahora hohonu-rua.

Ko tētahi atu āhuatanga hoahoa nui ko te whiriwhiri i ngā taputapu whakahaere. I te wā e taea ai e ngā whatanga kotahi-hohonu te whakawhirinaki ki ngā forklift taurite paerewa, ki ngā forklift whaiti-ara rānei, he maha ngā wā ka whai hua ngā pūnaha hohonu-rua mai i ngā taraka toro atu, ngā forklift rānei kua rite ki ngā marau tiro-mataara, ngā taputapu motuhake rānei e āhei ai ngā kaiwhakahaere ki te uru atu ki te papa o muri me te kore e nekehia te taha mua. Ka pā te whiriwhiri taputapu ki ngā tataunga whānui o te ara, ngā radius hurihanga, me ngā teitei o te wāhi wātea, ā, ka whakatau i te wāhi rokiroki ka taea. He mea nui kia whakahaerehia te whakatauira ara me te whakamātautau taputapu ina taea kia whakamaoritia ai ngā mahere ariā ki ngā rerenga mahi mahi i runga i te papa.

He mea nui anō hoki ngā kōwhiringa hoahoa hanganga. Me arotake ngā kurupae kawenga me ngā anga poutū mō te hohonutanga o te kokoru, ā, me pakari ngā tikanga raka kurupae hei whakahaere i ngā kaha piki haere e puta mai ana i ngā kokoru hohonu, inā koa i te wā e whakahaere ana i ngā kawenga taumaha. Me whakauru ngā whakaaro rū whenua, ngā ture hanga ā-rohe, me ngā whakaaetanga tinei ahi ki te wāhanga hoahoa. Ko ngā whatanga e tata ana ki ngā pūnaha pupuhi wai, i ngā āhuarangi rānei ka raru pea te waikura, me whakamahi pea he paninga tiaki, he whakaritenga pupuhi wai rānei hei pupuri i te tutuki me te roa o te wā.

Ko ngā āhuatanga o ngā rawa me ngā rautaki whakarōpūtanga ka hanga i te pānga whakahaere o te rokiroki hohonu-rua. Ko ngā SKU hurihuri-teitei e hiahia ana kia tere te uru atu me whakanoho ki ngā tūranga hohonu-kotahi, ki mua rānei, ko ngā taonga pumau, puhoi rānei e neke ana ka noho ki ngā tūranga o muri. Ko te whakarōpūtanga whai hua ka whakaiti i ngā nekehanga tāpiri ki te uru atu ki ngā papa o muri, ā, ka whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te kino i te wā e tikina ana. Me whirihora ngā Pūnaha Whakahaere Whare Putunga (WMS) ki te whai i ngā whakatakotoranga hohonu-rua, ki te whakatinana i ngā kaupapa here whakakī, me te ārahi i ngā kaiwhakahaere mā te raupapa tika o ngā kōwhiri hei tiaki i ngā hiahia FIFO, LIFO rānei e hiahiatia ana e te pakihi.

Hei whakamutunga, whakaarohia te kaha me te ngāwari o te heke mai. Ka huri ngā hiahia pakihi, ka whanake ngā SKU, ā, ka huri ngā kaupapa matua o te whakahaere. Mā te hoahoa i ngā whatanga ka taea te whirihora anō—mā te whakarerekē i ngā hohonutanga o te kurupae, te whakarerekē i ngā pou poutū, te whakarerekē rānei i ngā tahora ara—ka tāpiri i te manawanui. He mea tika te whakatinanatanga ā-wāhanga: te whakamātautau i ētahi ara iti me ngā whirihoranga e rua-hohonu, te kohikohi i ngā inenga whakahaere, me te whakahou i te tahora me te whakangungu i mua i te whakatinanatanga whānui. Mā te whakauru i ngā kaipupuri hea mai i ngā mahi, te haumaru, me te tiaki i te tīmatanga o te tukanga whakamahere ka whakarite kia rite te hoahoa ki ngā mea tūturu o te papa.

Ngā painga whakahaere me ngā taupatupatu i roto i ngā rerengamahi o ia rā i roto i te whare putunga

Mā te huarahi hohonu-rua ka puta he hua whakahaere mārama mā te whakanui ake i te kiato o te rokiroki me te kore e whakamahi i ngā pūnaha tino motuhake e whakawhāiti ana i te ngāwari. Mā ngā tūranga papa tāpiri mō ia kokoru ka whakaitihia te tapuwae e hiahiatia ana mō te rokiroki, ka taea ai te wātea i te wāhi mō ngā mahi tāpiri uara pēnei i te kete, te tirotiro kounga, te whakarite rānei. Mō ngā mahi tohatoha me te nui o ngā rahinga e tae mai ana me ngā huringa whakakī anō e taea te matapae, mā te kaha ki te pupuri i ngā papa atu e tata ana ki ngā mata kohi ka taea te whakangawari i ngā rerekētanga o te tuku me te whakaiti i te auau o ngā haerenga whakakī anō mai i ngā wāhi rokiroki papatipu tawhiti.

Heoi, me aro atu ki ngā taupatupatu. Kāore i te tere te urunga atu ki ngā papa o muri, ka piki ake pea te wā toharite mō ia tiki mena kāore i te arotauhia te whakatakoto me ngā rerenga mahi. Me whakauru pea ngā tirotiro tāpiri ki ngā tukanga kohi hei whakarite kia kore ngā kaiwhakahaere e tango i te papa hē, inā koa he rite ngā SKU, he huna rānei ngā waehere pae. Ka nui ake te hiranga o te whakangungu me ngā tikanga whakahaere paerewa; me mātau ngā kaiwhakahaere ki te whakarite me te whakakī i ngā raupapa hei pupuri i te hurihanga o ngā taonga me te whakaiti i te whakawhiti.

Ka pāngia te hua o te whakahaere rauemi e ngā whakaritenga taputapu. He rerekē te tere me te āheinga o ngā taraka toro atu, ngā forklift rānei he whānui te toro atu, ki te whakataurite ki ngā taputapu whakataurite paerewa. Mō ngā whare e neke ana mai i te pūnaha whiriwhiri kotahi-hohonu ki ngā pūnaha hohonu-rua, me aromatawai te waka hei whakatau mēnā e hiahiatia ana he hoko hou, he whakahou rānei. I ētahi wā, ka taea e te huarahi waka ranu—te whakakotahi i ngā forklift paerewa me ngā taraka toro atu—te whakataurite i ngā whakapaunga whakapaipai me ngā hiahia whakahaere, e āhei ai te urunga whiriwhiri i ngā ara hurihuri teitei me te kiato hohonu-rua i ngā ara rahui.

He mea nui te whakahaere rawa me te whakaurunga WMS hei pupuri i te tika. Me tautoko te WMS i ngā ariā hohonu-rua mō te penapena me te tiki mai, me te ārahi i ngā kaiwhakahaere ki te whakanoho i ngā papa whakakī ki ngā tūranga o muri ina tika, me te tohu ina me whakarite, me neke rānei te papa o mua kia uru atu ki te papa o muri. Ka āwhina te tapanga me te tohu tika ki te ārai i ngā hapa, me ngā tikanga tatau huringa e arotahi ana ki ngā ara kua whirihorahia kia rua te hohonu. Me aroturuki ngā inenga whakahaere—pērā i ngā nekehanga ia hāora, te wā tiki toharite, me ngā reiti aituā—i muri i te whakatinanatanga hei tautuhi i ngā aukati me te ārahi i te whakapai tonu.

Hei whakamutunga, ko te angitu o te whakahaere o tētahi pūnaha hohonu-rua e whakawhirinaki ana ki te whakataurite i te rautaki rokiroki ki ngā tauira tono SKU, ngā kaha o te waka, me te whakangungu kaimahi. Mēnā ka whakatauritea ēnei āhuatanga, ka taea e te whakaritenga te whakanui ake i te putanga me te kaha me te kore e tino whakararu i te whiriwhiringa, i te hua rānei.

Ngā whakaaro mō te haumaru, te tiaki, me ngā ture

Ko tētahi otinga whatanga e whakanui ana i te mātotoru ka whakapiki ake i te tūponotanga mō te haumaru me te tiaki. Ka taea e ngā kokoru hohonu ake te whakarerekē i te tohatoha kawenga, te hanga i te kaha nui ake mō ngā nekehanga papa, me te uaua ake te tirohanga a ngā kaiwhakahaere e mahi ana i ngā ara. Ko te aro atu ki ēnei mōrearea me whai huarahi whānui e uru ana ki ngā āhuatanga haumaru hoahoa, te whakangungu kaiwhakahaere, ngā tikanga tirotiro, me te piri ki ngā ture hanga me te ahi ā-rohe.

Mai i te tirohanga hoahoa, me pakari, me haumaru hoki ngā hononga kurupae me ngā pine raka kia kore ai e pakaru i raro i te kawenga. Mā te tiaki anga poutū pēnei i ngā ārai pou i te pito o te arawhata ka āwhina ki te whakaiti i te kino o ngā pūkaha mai i ngā waka tōrino, ka nui ake te tūponotanga mēnā kei te whakamahia ngā taraka toro atu, ngā taputapu motuhake rānei. Me ārai ngā tautoko papa me ngā reera i te paheke o ngā papa ki roto i te kokoru i te wā e whakatakotoranga ana, e tikina ana hoki. Mēnā e rongoatia ana ngā papa i roto i te hohonu e rua, me mau te papa o muri kia kore ai te nekehanga o te papa o mua e hanga i ngā kaha taha ka hinga, ka kino rānei te hua.

Me uru ki ngā kaupapa tiaki ngā tirotiro tirohanga auau mō ngā kurupae piko, ngā whakarewa pakaru, ngā pou pou rānei kāore i te tika te tūnga. Ka taea e ngā take iti te tipu hei rahunga nui mēnā kāore e arohia wawetia. Mā te whakatinana i tētahi rārangi arowhai tirotiro me ngā paearu mārama me ngā ātete ine ka whakarite i te ōritetanga. Mā te tuhi i ngā whakatikatika me ngā whakakapinga ka āwhina hoki ki te aroturuki rawa me te whakamahere i te huringa ora. I roto i ngā whare e pāngia ana e te mahi rū whenua, me arotake e ngā miihini hanganga ngā whakaritenga punga me te tautoko kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga ā-rohe.

He mea nui te whakangungu haumaru. Me mārama ngā kaiwhakahaere ki te whakahaere haumaru i te tango mai i ngā papa o muri, me pēhea te whakaū i te pono o ngā papa i mua i te whakaurunga ki ngā kokoru hohonu ake, me pēhea te whakatata atu ki te tomokanga me te putanga ki ngā arawhata me ngā kawenga nui ake. Me whakarite ngā tikanga mō ngā mahi whakarite - pērā i te neke wā poto i te papa o mua ki te uru atu ki te papa o muri - me whakauru hoki ngā mana whakahaere hei ārai i ngā kawenga e taka ana, i ngā nekehanga kore whakamanatanga rānei. Me pupuri tonu ngā ara urunga me ngā ara putanga ohorere, ā, kaua ngā arawhata e whakawhāitihia ki tua atu i te mea haumaru mō ngā taputapu e whakaarohia ana.

Ka horapa te tutuki i ngā ture ā-ture ki te tiaki ahi me te kapinga o ngā pūweru wai. Ka pā pea ngā whirihoranga whatanga ki te tohatoha wai pūweru wai, ā, me whai wāhi motuhake ētahi mana whakahaere i waenga i ngā kawenga papa me ngā pane pūweru wai. Mā te mahi tahi me ngā miihini tiaki ahi me ngā mana whakahaere ā-rohe ka noho tonu ngā pūnaha kia tutuki. Hei whakamutunga, mā te tapanga me ngā tohu e whakaatu mārama ana i ngā kaha kawenga, ngā tūranga papa e taunakitia ana, me ngā teitei whatanga mōrahi ka whakaiti i te rangirua o te kaiwhakahaere, ā, ka āwhina ki te pupuri i ngā rohe mahi haumaru.

Tātari pūtea, ROI, me ngā rautaki mō te whakatinanatanga āta haere

Ko ngā whakataunga mō te whakamahi i tētahi rautaki rokiroki hohonu-rua ka ahu mai i ngā whakaaro pūtea: te utu mō te whirihora anō i ngā whatanga, ngā whakapainga taputapu pea, me te hua e tumanakohia ana e pā ana ki te whakapikinga o te kaha rokiroki me te whai huatanga o te mahi. Me whai whakaaro te tātari pūtea pakari ki ngā whakapaunga whakapaipai me ngā utu whakahaere tonu, tae atu ki ngā painga kāore e kitea pērā i te whakapainga o te rere mahi me te whakaiti i ngā hiahia rokiroki i waho o te papaanga.

Ko ngā wāhanga utu matua ko te utu mō ngā wāhanga whatanga hou, ngā whakarerekētanga rānei, ngā forklifts me ngā tāpiringa e tika ana, te mahi tāutanga, me te wā whakatā pea i te wā whirihoranga anō. He mea nui anō hoki kia whakaarohia te utu mō ngā whakangungu tāpiri me te mahi whakahaere ki te whakahou i ngā ture WMS me ngā tikanga rarangi taonga. I tua atu, ko ngā painga ko te uara o te wāhi papa kua whakahokia mai (ka taea te whakamahi anō, te riihi rānei), ngā penapena mai i te whakaiti i te whakawhānui i te whare putunga, me te whakapai ake i te tūnga rarangi taonga e whakaiti ana i te wā haere mō ngā pikinga nui.

Me whakatauira ngā tātaitanga whakahokinga haumitanga i ngā āhuatanga rerekē. Tērā pea ka whakaarohia e te āhuatanga matawhānui he iti noa ngā whakapainga hua me te puhoi o te whakamahinga, engari ko te āhuatanga pai ka whakaarohia pea he nui ngā pikinga kiato me ngā whakahekenga nui o ngā haerenga whakakī. Ka rerekē pea ngā wā whakahokinga engari he pai tonu i ngā wā he nui ngā utu whenua, he iti rānei ngā mahi e herea ana e te tapuwae kaua ki te nui o te hua. Mā te tātari aro ka kitea ko ēhea ngā whakaaro—pērā i ngā reiti hurihanga, te ōritetanga o ngā papa, te hua taputapu rānei—he nui te pānga ki ngā putanga.

Ka taea e te rautaki whakatinanatanga ā-wāhanga te whakaiti i te mōrearea. Tīmata ki ngā ara iti te rahinga, ki tētahi wāhi whakamātautau rānei i whakatapua ki tētahi huinga SKU e pai ana mō te rokiroki hohonu-rua. Kohia ngā raraunga ā-pūtaiao mō ngā wā tiki, ngā reiti hapa, me ngā aituā kino i mua i te tauine. Whakamahia ngā akoranga i akohia hei whakapai ake i te whakatakotoranga, te tohu, me te whakangungu. Ko ngā huarahi pūtea - te riihi taputapu, te whakarite i ngā whakapainga whatanga i roto i ētahi huringa tahua, te whakamahi rānei i ngā wāhanga whatanga ka taea te huri - ka horahia ngā utu whakapaipai me te tuku i tētahi whare ki te hauhake i ngā hua piki haere.

He mea nui te whakauru atu i ngā kaipupuri pānga maha-mahi hei whakarite kia hono te take pūtea ki ngā āhuatanga o te mahi. Me whai whakaaro ngā kaiwhakamahere mekameka tuku, ngā kaiwhakahaere whare putunga, ngā tīma pūtea, me ngā āpiha haumaru ki ngā whakaaro me te whakamana i ngā putanga e matapaetia ana. Mā te mahere whakatinanatanga mārama me ngā tohu paetae, ngā inenga angitu, me ngā kōwhiringa āwangawanga ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te whakawhiti maeneene me te hokinga pai mai o te haumitanga.

E rua ngā paraka whakamutunga e whakarāpopoto ana i te tuhinga:

Mā te whiriwhiri i tētahi huarahi rokiroki papa matotoru ake e whakanoho ana i ngā papa e rua ki te hohonu o ia mata o te kohi ka taea te whakanui ake i te kaha mō ngā whare putunga e herea ana e te tapuwae, e rapu ana rānei i te kiato rokiroki pai ake me te kore e whakakore i te whiriwhiringa. Ko te angitu e whakawhirinaki ana ki te whakamahere taipitopito e whai whakaaro ana ki ngā rahi papa, ngā taputapu whakahaere rauemi, ngā rautaki mokowā, ngā tikanga haumaru, me te tautoko pūmanawa. Ina honoa ēnei huānga—me te whakatinanatanga ā-wāhanga, te whakangungu pakari, me te ine tonu—ka taea e ngā mahi te whakatutuki i tētahi taurite pai o te whai huatanga o te wāhi me te mahi whakahaere.

Hei whakamutunga, ko te whakatau ki te whakamahi i tēnei huarahi rokiroki he huarahi rautaki me ahu mai i ngā tātaritanga ā-wheako me ngā whakamātautau o te ao tūturu. Mā te whakamātautau āta, te aroturuki i ngā tohu mahi matua, me te whakahou i te tahora me ngā tikanga, ka taea e ngā whakahaere te kite i ngā painga o te nui ake o te kiato rokiroki me te whakahaere i ngā taupatupatu i roto i te urunga me ngā hiahia taputapu. Mā tēnei ara taurite, e ahu mai ana i ngā raraunga, ka whakarite kia tautokona e te otinga kua whiriwhiria ngā tono whakahaere o nāianei me te urutau ā-muri.