Izici Ezibalulekile Zesistimu Yokuqoqwa Kwempahla Yempahla Yokusebenza Okuphakeme

Ukuphathwa kwe-warehouse kuyisici esibalulekile sanoma yikuphi ukusebenza kwe-supply chain, okunomthelela ngqo ekusebenzeni kahle, ukuphepha, kanye nempumelelo yebhizinisi iyonke. Enye yezingxenye eziyinhloko ku-warehouse eyenziwe kahle uhlelo lwama-racking olukhona. Idizayini kanye nezici zezinhlelo zokuqopha impahla kungenza umehluko omkhulu ekutheni i-inventory igcinwa, ilandwe, futhi iphathwe kanjani ngempumelelo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wakha indawo yokugcina impahla entsha noma uthuthukisa esivele sikhona, ukuqonda izici ezibalulekile zesistimu yokuqopha esebenza kahle kakhulu kungavula indlela yokusebenza kahle kakhulu.

Kulesi sihloko, sijula ​​sijula ​​ezintweni ezibalulekile ezenza amasistimu wokuqopha impahla abaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni okuphezulu. Ekugcineni, uzothola ukuqonda okuphelele kwezinketho zedizayini nezici ezingaguqula amandla akho okulondoloza futhi ziqhubekisele phambili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza ezijulile.

Ukuqina Nekhwalithi Yento Yokuthenjwa Kwesikhathi Eside

Isistimu yokuqopha impahla iwutshalomali olubalulekile, futhi esinye sezici eziyisisekelo okufanele icatshangelwe ukuqina kwezinto zayo zokwakha. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zekhwalithi ephezulu ziqinisekisa ukuthi ama-rack angakwazi ukumelana nemithwalo esindayo, ukuguga nokudabuka kwansuku zonke, kanye nomthelela ovela kuma-forklift noma ezinye izinto zokusebenza ze-warehouse. Ukukhetha ama-racks enziwe ngama-alloys ensimbi ye-premium anamasu okushisela aqinile kubalulekile ukuze kuphile isikhathi eside. Lezi zinto ezisetshenziswayo zimelana nokuguga, ukugqwala, nokukhathala, okungase kubeke engozini ukuphepha noma kuholele ekulungiseni okubizayo.

Ukuqedwa kwezingxenye zamarakhi nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile. Ukugcotshwa kwempushana noma ukugqugquzelwa kuvimbela ukugqwala nokugqwala, ikakhulukazi ezindlini zokugcina izimpahla ezinamazinga ahlukahlukene omswakamo noma lezo ezichayeke ekushintshashintsheni kwezinga lokushisa. Ngokukhetha ama-rack aneziphetho ezivikelayo, amabhizinisi avikela ukutshalwa kwezimali kwawo futhi anciphise nezidingo zokulondolozwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, idizayini yesakhiwo sesistimu yokubeka amarakhi kufanele ihlanganise izici ezifana nemishayo eqinisiwe, izixhumi eziqinile, nezindlela zokukhiya ezivikelekile. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuzinza ngaphansi komthwalo futhi kuvimbele ukukhishwa ngephutha kwemithwalo ye-pallet, okungadala izingozi noma ukulimala kwempahla. Isistimu eqinile ihlinzeka ngokuthula kwengqondo, evumela opharetha ukuthi basebenze kahle ngaphandle kokukhathazeka okuqhubekayo kokuhluleka kwama-rack.

Kafushane, ukuqina kanye nekhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo kwenza umgogodla wanoma iyiphi isistimu yokuqopha impahla eklanyelwe ukusebenza okuphezulu. Ukwaba izinsiza ekukhetheni izinto ze-premium nezindlela zokwakha kuzokhokha izinzuzo ngokuphepha, ukuqhubeka nokusebenza, nokonga izindleko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukucushwa Okuguquguqukayo kokuzivumelanisa nezimo nokuqina

Imisebenzi ye-warehouse ayivamile ukuma. Imigqa yomkhiqizo iyashintsha, izimfuno zesizini ziyashintshashintsha, futhi umthamo wempahla ungashintsha ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, isici esibalulekile sohlelo olusebenza kahle lwamarakhi ukuguquguquka kwalo ukuhlela kabusha nokukala ngokuya ngezidingo eziguqukayo. Amasistimu amarakhi aguquguqukayo avumela izindawo zokugcina izimpahla ukuthi zizivumelanise nezimo ngaphandle kwesidingo sokushintshwa okumba eqolo noma isikhathi sokuphumula.

Izixazululo eziningi zamarakhi zinikeza imiklamo emodulayo lapho izingxenye ezinjengemishayo, ama-uprights, namashalofu zingalungiswa noma zihanjiswe kwenye indawo kalula. Lokhu kuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi aguqule ububanzi bendawo, akhulise noma anciphise ubude beshelufu, noma engeze amaleveli engeziwe ukuze kwandiswe isikhala esiqondile. Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okunjalo kubaluleke kakhulu ezinqolobaneni ezinemikhiqizo eminingi noma lezo ezilungisela osayizi abasha bokupakisha nezitayela zokuthunyelwa.

I-scalability nayo ibalulekile. Njengoba ibhizinisi likhula, isistimu yokubeka amarakhi kufanele isekele izidingo ezengeziwe zesitoreji ngaphandle kokudinga ukuklanywa kabusha okuphelele. Amasistimu avumela ukungezwa okulula noma izandiso zisiza izindawo zokugcina impahla zisekele ukukhula kalula. Isibonelo, amashelufu angenabhothi noma amasistimu okuqongelela amaphalethi alungisekayo akwenza kube lula ukwandisa umthamo wesitoreji kuyilapho kugcinwa ukungaguquguquki kuyo yonke indawo yesakhiwo sempahla.

Ukuvumelana nezimo futhi kudlulela ekusebenzisaneni okuphambene nemishini yokuphatha impahla ehlukile. Isistimu eguquguqukayo izokwamukela ama-forklift, ojeke be-pallet, noma izimoto eziqondiswayo ezizenzakalelayo ngaphandle kwemikhawulo, evumela ukugeleza komsebenzi okushelelayo kanye nezingqinamba ezincishisiwe.

Ekugcineni, uhlelo lwamarakhi oluguquguqukayo nolwesabekayo lunika amandla izindawo zokugcina izimpahla ukuthi ziphendule ngokuguquguqukayo ezimweni zemakethe kanye nezidingo zokusebenza, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokunciphisa ubungozi bokuphelelwa yisikhathi.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwesikhala Okuthuthukisiwe Kokusebenza Kakhulu Kwesitoreji

Isikhala singenye yezimpahla ezibaluleke kakhulu kunoma iyiphi inqolobane futhi ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo kubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kahle. Isistimu yokubeka amarakhi eklanywe kahle igxile ekwandiseni indawo yokugcina impahla etholakalayo, isebenzisa ukuphakama okuqondile, ububanzi bendawo, namandla okulayisha ukuze kugcinwe inani eliphakeme kakhulu lempahla elingakhona ngaphandle kokudela ukufinyeleleka noma ukuphepha.

Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu kakhulu zezinhlelo zamarakhi zesimanje kusemandleni azo okuguqula usilingi wezindlu zibe izindawo zokugcina ngokupakisha amaphalethi noma imigqomo amazinga amaningi phezulu. Ukusebenzisa indawo eqondile kudinga ama-racks aklanywe ngamandla anembile okuthwala umthwalo kanye nezakhiwo ezizinzile ukuze ukuphepha kungalokothi kube sengozini.

Ama-aisle racking systems nawo adumile ngokwandisa ukuminyana kwesitoreji. Lawa ma-racks avumela ama-aisles ukuthi aqine ngenkathi evumela ukufinyelela kwe-forklift, okuholela kuma-racks amaningi apakishwe endaweni enikeziwe yaphansi. Ngokuhambisana nemishini yokuphatha ethuthukisiwe efana nephasishi elincane noma ama-forklift amagumbi amancane kakhulu, umphumela uba ukwanda okumangalisayo komthamo wokugcina.

Amarakhi agelezayo, amashelufu anezitezi eziningi, namasistimu okukhahlela emuva athuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwesikhala ngokuhlela uhlu lwamagama ngendlela eyenza kube lula ukucosha nokugcwaliswa kabusha. Amasistimu anjalo anciphisa isikhala esimoshekile ngaphakathi kwama-rack ngenkathi enza lula izinqubo zokuphatha isitoko.

Ukwengeza, ukuhlanganisa amaleveli e-mezzanine ahlanganiswe nesistimu yokubeka amarakhi kungaphindaphinda izindawo zokugcina ziqondile ngaphandle kokunweba indawo yendlu yokugcina impahla. Inhlanganisela yomklamo ohlakaniphile nezici ezifanele zamarakhi ngaleyo ndlela iguqula ama-cubic feet ngokuvamile anganakwa abe isitoreji esibalulekile sempahla.

Sengiphetha, ukwenza ngcono ukusetshenziswa kwendawo kuyinsika eyisisekelo yezinhlelo zokuqopha ezisebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngokuklama ukuphakama, ukusebenza kahle kwendlela, kanye nezakhiwo ezihlakaniphile, izindawo zokugcina impahla zivula amathuba esikhala futhi andise indlela ophuma ngayo emsebenzini ngendlela emangalisayo.

Izici Zokuphepha Zokuvikela Abasebenzi Nempahla

Ukuphepha kwe-warehouse kufanele kube phambili kunoma iyiphi idizayini yesistimu yokuqopha. Uma kubhekwa isisindo esisindayo sempahla ephalethi kanye nokuhamba kwemishini, ama-rack ahlulekayo noma adala izingozi angaholela ekulimaleni okubi kakhulu noma ukulahleka kwempahla. Izici zokuphepha ezibalulekile ezifakwe ezinhlelweni zamarakhi zinciphisa lezi zingozi ngempumelelo.

Okokuqala, izakhi eziqinile zokuvikela ama-rack ezifana nonogada bamakholomu, imigoqo yokuphela kwendlela, nezivikeli eziqondile zibalulekile. Lokhu kuvikela ama-rack uprights emiphumeleni ye-forklift kanye nokushayisana, kunciphisa amathuba okulimala kwesakhiwo.

Ukulebula okufanelekile komthamo wokulayisha kuqinisekisa ukuthi o-opharetha abalayishi kakhulu ama-rack ngaphezu komkhawulo wabo wokuklama. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuwa kwama-rack noma i-warping okungase kuholele ekuweni kwempahla noma ekulimaleni kwemishini.

Ukwengeza, amaphaneli anezikhala ezilwa nokuwa noma inethi ingafakwa ezinhlelweni zokudwengula ukuze kuvinjwe izinto ukuthi zingaweli ngephutha eziphasejini, kuvikelwe abasebenzi abadlula eduze.

Esinye isici esibalulekile sokuphepha ukuzamazama komhlaba ezindaweni ezijwayele ukuzamazama. Lokhu kuqiniswa kusiza ama-racks amelane nokundindizela futhi amelane nokusikisela noma ukwehluleka kwesakhiwo.

Ukuphepha kufanele futhi kudlulele ekuhloleni nasekunakekeleni kalula. Izingxenye zerack ezibonakala ngokusobala nezifinyelelekayo zisiza ukuhlola okuvamile nokuhlonzwa ngokushesha kwanoma yikuphi ukuguga noma ukulimala.

Okokugcina, amasistimu amarakhi aklanywe ngokucatshangelwa kwe-ergonomic avumela abasebenzi be-warehouse ukuthi bakhethe futhi bagcine izinto ezinobunzima obuncishisiwe noma ukunyakaza okungahambi kahle, okugqugquzela indawo ephephile yabantu.

Ukuhlanganisa lezi zici zokuphepha kubalulekile ekunciphiseni izingozi, ukulondoloza ubuqotho bamasheya, kanye nokukhuthaza isiko lokuphepha ngaphakathi kwemisebenzi ye-warehouse.

Ukuhlanganiswa ne-Warehouse Management Systems (WMS) kanye ne-Automation

Esikhathini se-Industrial 4.0, izinhlelo zokuqopha izinto ezigcina impahla ziya ngokuya zihlangana nobuchwepheshe bedijithali kanye ne-automation ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle nokunemba. Isistimu yokukala edizayinelwe ukusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu ihlanganisa izici ezenza kube lula ukuhlanganiswa okushelelayo ne-Warehouse Management Systems (WMS) kanye ne-automation yokubamba impahla.

Ukulandelela i-inventory okuqinile kuncike kakhulu ekhonweni lokuhlonza izindawo zokulondoloza eziqondile nokuqapha ukunyakaza ngesikhathi sangempela. Ama-Racks afakwe ibhakhodi noma abanikazi be-RFID bavumela izikena ukuthi zifanise ngokushesha izinto nezindawo zazo zokubeka amashelufu, kuncishiswe amaphutha futhi kusheshiswe izibalo ze-inventory.

Isitoreji esizenzakalelayo kanye nezinhlelo zokubuyisa (AS/RS) zidinga izakhiwo ezinembile zokubeka ama-robotic shuttles noma ama-cranes. AmaRakhi kufanele akhiwe ngendlela yokubekezelela kanye nobukhulu obuqondaniswe nezicaciso zemishini ezenzakalelayo ukuze kugwenywe ukuminyana noma ukulimala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izixazululo ze-smart racking zingabandakanya izinzwa ezithola ubukhona bomthwalo, isisindo, noma isimo bese zidlulisela le datha ku-WMS. Lesi sendlalelo sokuzenzakalela sisheshisa izinqumo zokugcwalisa futhi kunciphisa ukuphela kwesitoko noma izimo zesitoko ngokweqile.

Ukuhlanganisa futhi kuvumela ukusebenzisana okungenazihibe phakathi kwezinqubo zokukhetha ama-oda nokwabiwa kwesitoreji. Isibonelo, ukufakwa okuguquguqukayo phakathi kwama-rack hlela kabusha ukuma kwe-inventory ngokusekelwe kudatha yesivinini sokuthengisa ukuze kuthuthukiswe imizila yokukhetha.

Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe zamarakhi kanye nezishintshayo eziqhutshwa yi-WMS kudala indawo yokugcina izinto esabela kakhulu. Yandisa umsebenzi, ithuthukisa ukunemba kwe-inventory, inciphisa umsebenzi owenziwa ngezandla, futhi isekela ukuthathwa kwezinqumo okuqhutshwa idatha ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza.

Empeleni, ukwamukela ukuhambisana kwezobuchwepheshe ngaphakathi kwesistimu yokuqothuka kwempahla akusaseyona inketho kodwa umshayeli oyinhloko wokuncintisana okuqhubekayo kwe-warehouse.

Sengiphetha, isistimu yokuqopha impahla egcizelela ukuqina, ukuguquguquka, ukwenziwa ngcono kwesikhala, ukuphepha, nokuhlanganiswa nobuchwepheshe besimanje inikeza isixazululo esiphelele sezindawo zokugcina izimpahla ezihlose ukuzuza ukusebenza okuphezulu. Ngayinye yalezi zici ikhuluma ngendawo ebalulekile yokusebenza kwempahla, iqinisekisa ukuthi isitoreji asikhuliswa nje kuphela kodwa futhi silawulwa ngokuphepha nokusebenza kahle engqondweni.

Ngokutshala imali ezintweni ezisezingeni eliphezulu nasekuklanyweni, ukwamukela ukucushwa okuguquguqukayo, ukusebenzisa isikhala ngobuhlakani, ukubeka phambili ukuphepha, nokuvumela ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile, inqolobane yakho ingathuthukisa kakhulu ukuhamba komsebenzi. Lokhu, kuholela ekuphumeni okukhulu, izindleko ezincishisiwe, kanye nesimo esinamandla sokuncintisana emakethe.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthuthukisa indawo ekhona noma uqala kabusha, ukugcina lezi zici ezibalulekile engqondweni kuzokuholela kusistimu yokuqopha esekela ukukhula kwesikhathi eside kanye nokusebenza kahle kakhulu. Isistimu efanele ivula amandla eqiniso endlu yakho yokugcina izinto, yakha isisekelo lapho impumelelo ye-supply chain yebhizinisi lakho izochuma.