Indima yokuRhwathwa kweSitora ekuNcitshiseni iLahleko yeMpahla

Kwimeko yale mihla yesixokelelwano sobonelelo, iindawo zokugcina zisebenza njengeendawo ezibalulekileyo apho ulawulo lwempahla luchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kweshishini kunye nokwaneliseka kwabathengi. Omnye wemiceli mngeni ebalulekileyo abajongene nayo yilahleko yoluhlu lwempahla, enokuthi ibe nesiphumo kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya ukubekelwa bucala, umonakalo, ubusela, kunye nokuphathwa kakubi kwempahla. Ukujongana nale miba ngokufanelekileyo, ukufakwa kwe-warehouse racking kudlala indima ebalulekileyo. Inkqubo yokubeka eyilwe kakuhle ayigcini nje ngokukhulisa ukusetyenziswa kwendawo kodwa ikwakhusela uluhlu lwempahla ekulahlekeni nasekumoshakeleni, idala indawo elungelelanisiweyo nekhuselekileyo yokugcina iimpahla. Eli nqaku liphonononga nzulu kwindlela ukufakwa kwe-warehouse kunegalelo ekunciphiseni ilahleko ye-inventri, ukuhlola iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zeenkqubo zokurhwasha kunye nefuthe lazo kukhuseleko lwe-inventri kunye nolawulo.

Ukuqonda ubudlelwane obuntsonkothileyo phakathi kwezisombululo zokugcina kunye nokunciphisa ilahleko ye-inventri kunokuxhobisa abaphathi bendawo yokugcina iimpahla kunye nabanini bamashishini ukuba baphucule imisebenzi yabo. Ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokurhweba, imibutho inokukhusela isitokhwe sayo, iphucule ukuchaneka kwenani lempahla, kwaye yandise imveliso epheleleyo ngaphakathi kwendawo yokugcina impahla. Njengoko siqhubela phambili, siya kuphonononga iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokujonga izinto ezisetyenziswa kwindawo yokugcina iimpahla, sityhila iingenelo zayo ezininzi ekugcineni nokugcina ixabiso lempahla.

Ukubaluleka koGcino olucwangcisiweyo ekuthinteleni ilahleko yempahla

Esinye sezizathu ezisisiseko zelahleko ye-inventri ivela kwiindawo zokugcina ezingalungelelaniswanga apho izinto zibekwe ngendlela engafanelekanga, zigcinwe ngokungafanelekanga, okanye kunzima ukuzilandelela. Izisombululo zokubeka i-Warehouse racking zilungisa lo mngeni ngokubonelela ngeendawo ezicwangcisiweyo nezichongiweyo zodidi ngalunye lwemveliso. Ugcino olucwangcisiweyo alukho malunga nokubeka iimpahla ngobunono ezishelufini; kubandakanya ukuyila uyilo olucwangcisiweyo oluphucula ukubonakala kunye nokufikeleleka, okunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuba isitokhwe silahleke okanye sibalwe gwenxa.

Iinkqubo zokupakisha ezifana nee-pallet ezikhethiweyo, ii-rack-in racks, kunye ne-push-back racks zivumela ukupakishwa ngokucwangcisiweyo kwezinto ngokusekelwe kubukhulu bazo, ukufunwa rhoqo, kunye nohlobo lokuphatha olufunekayo. Lo mbutho uququzelela ukulandelela isitokhwe esichanekileyo kunye nokuchongwa ngokukhawuleza kwezinto, ukunciphisa amathuba empazamo ngexesha lokukhethwa kunye nokubuyisela kwakhona. Ukongezelela, ii-racks ezilungelelanisiweyo zinciphisa i-clutter kwi-warehouse floor, ukunciphisa umngcipheko womonakalo obangelwa ukungqubana ngengozi okanye ukupakishwa okungafanelekanga.

Ilahleko ye-inventri ihlala iphumela kungekuphela nje kubusela okanye kumonakalo, kodwa ukusuka ekucuthekeni okungabonakaliyo okubangelwa kukubekwa endaweni engafanelekanga - izinto zinokusuka nje "zilahleke" kwindawo enesiphithiphithi. Xa iimpahla zineendawo ezibekwe ngokucacileyo zokugcina, uphicotho lwe-inventri luba lula ngakumbi kwaye ukungangqinelani kunokubonwa ngokukhawuleza. I-racking ehleliweyo ikwaxhasa ukuhamba komsebenzi okungcono ngaphakathi kwendawo yokugcina impahla, eyenza abasebenzi basebenze ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokunciphisa impazamo yabantu, eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekulahlekeni kwe-inventory.

Ngaphaya koko, uyilo lwerakhi eyilwe ngokufanelekileyo luvumela ukwandiswa kwempahla ngaphandle kokuthomalalisa ucwangco, ukuthintela ingxinano enokuthi ngenye indlela ikhokhelele ekutyunyuzweni, ukonakala, okanye ukulityalwa kwempahla. Ngokwenyani, utyalo-mali kwi-robust racking ngumlinganiselo wothintelo ojongana nelahleko kunobangela wayo: ukungabikho kogcino olucwangcisiweyo.

Ukuphucula imilinganiselo yoKhuseleko ngeeNkqubo zokuRaka

Ngelixa ukhuseleko lomzimba olufana neekhamera zokubek' esweni kunye nokufikelela okuthintelweyo zizinto ezibalulekileyo zokhuseleko lwempahla, iisistim zokurhwasha impahla ngokwazo zinegalelo elikhulu ekunciphiseni ubusela kunye nofikelelo olungagunyaziswanga kwisitokhwe. Ukubekwa kobuchule kunye nokucwangciswa kweeracks kunokudala imiqobo yomzimba, iipatheni zokuhamba kwetshaneli, kunye nokunciphisa ukufikelela kwixabiso eliphezulu okanye iimveliso ezinovakalelo, ngaloo ndlela zikhusela uluhlu lwempahla ngokufanelekileyo.

Ezinye iiracks eziqhubela phambili ziyilwe ngamacandelo atshixwayo okanye iikheji ezifakwe ngaphakathi kwesakhelo sokurhaxa, esongeza umaleko owongezelelweyo wokhuseleko kwizinto ezinomngcipheko omkhulu. Ngokwahlulahlula isitokhwe ngokwexabiso okanye ubuntununtunu, oovimba banokumisela umda ukuphatha kuphela abasebenzi abagunyazisiweyo, bacuthe ukubakho kobuqhetseba okanye ukonakaliswa kwempahla.

Ukongeza, ukubekwa kwerakhi kunokulungelelaniswa neeprothokholi zokhuseleko ukwenza umgca wokubona kunye nenkxaso engcono yetekhnoloji yokubeka iliso. Umzekelo, i-open-style racking enika ukubonakala okucacileyo yenza kube lula kubasebenzi bokhuseleko okanye iikhamera zokucupha ukuba zibhaqe izinto ezikrokrisayo. Ngokuchasene noko, irakhi evalekileyo okanye evalekileyo ingasetyenziselwa ukukhetha izinto ezikhuselekileyo ukuthintela ukufikelela lula.

I-racking ecwangcisiweyo ngokufanelekileyo iphinda idlale indima engathanga ngqo ekuthinteleni ilahleko ye-inventory ngokudimaza "ukunciphisa" - ilahleko ngenxa yobusela bomsebenzi okanye ukusetyenziswa kakubi. Xa iindawo zesitokhwe zichazwa kwaye zibekwe iliso, uxanduva lokuphendula luyenyuka njengoko abasebenzi beqonda ukuba ukuhamba kwe-inventri kuyalandeleka. Ukuhlanganiswa kwee-racks kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwe-inventri ezilandelela isitokhwe ngexesha langempela longeza ulawulo olongezelelweyo, okwenza ukususwa okungagunyaziswanga kubonakale ngokukhawuleza.

Ekugqibeleni, uyilo kunye nokumiswa kweeracks ze-warehouse azisebenzi kuphela njengezisombululo zokugcina izinto eziphathekayo kodwa njengezixhobo ezisebenzayo zesicwangciso esibanzi sokhuseleko esinceda ukukhusela uluhlu lwempahla kwilahleko ngokubiwa okanye ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga.

Ukuphucula ukuchaneka kwe-Inventory kunye noLawulo ngeRacking

Ilahleko ye-inventri isoloko ibotshelelwa kwiirekhodi ze-inventri ezingachanekanga, ezinokuvela xa iinkqubo zezandla zisilela ukunika ingxelo ngokushukuma kwesitokhwe ngokuchanekileyo. Iinkqubo zokurhweba kwindawo yokugcina iimpahla ziphucula ukuchaneka koluhlu ngokuququzelela ukuchongwa okungcono kwempahla, ukuhlelwa ngokweendidi, kunye nokuhamba kokuphathwa kokulawulwa, okuyimfuneko kulawulo oluluqilima lwempahla.

IiRakhi ezixhasa ukuleyibhelishwa kwebhakhowudi, ukuthegiswa kweRFID, okanye obunye ubuchwephesha bokuchonga obuzenzekelayo bukwenza lula ukulandelwa kwe-inventri kunye nokunciphisa iimpazamo ezenzeka ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwesitokhwe okanye xa kukhethwa. Xa i-pallet nganye okanye imveliso inikwe indawo ethile kwisakhiwo se-racking, iinkqubo zolawulo lwe-inventory zinokuvumelanisa idatha ngexesha langempela, ukufumanisa ukungahambi kakuhle phakathi kweerekhodi kunye nesitokhwe somzimba ngokukhawuleza.

Oku kuchaneka okuphuculweyo kuvumela iindawo zokugcina iimpahla ukuba zichonge ukunqongophala okanye i-surplus kwangethuba, ukunciphisa umngcipheko welahleko engachazwanga. Ulawulo lwe-inventri oluchaneke ngakumbi lukwathetha ukuzaliseka komyalelo ophuculweyo, ukuthoba ithuba le-backorders okanye ukuthumela iimveliso ezingachanekanga, zombini ezinokuthi zibe ziimpazamo ezinkulu.

Ngaphezu koko, iiracks ezikhethekileyo ezenzelwe iFIFO (First In, First Out) okanye i-LIFO (EyokuGqibela, eyokuQala kokuQala) ulawulo lwe-inventri lunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba izenzo zokujikeleziswa kwesitokhwe zilandelwa ngokungqongqo. Ukujikeleza okufanelekileyo kuthintela ukuphela kwexesha lemveliso okanye ukonakaliswa, oonobangela abaqhelekileyo bokulahleka kwe-inventri kumacandelo afana nokutya kunye namayeza.

Inkqubo yokupakisha ephunyezwe kakuhle iphinda iphucule iinkqubo zokubala umjikelo, ivumela ukujonga indawo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza. Ukubonakala kwe-inventri eyomeleziweyo kunye nolawulo kuthetha ukuba abasebenzi banokubeka iliso ngokuzithemba ngakumbi amanqanaba esitokhwe kwaye baphephe ilahleko ngenxa yempahla eyonakeleyo okanye elahlekileyo efihlwe kwindawo yokugcina efikelelekayo.

Lilonke, iinkqubo zokurhweba kwindawo yokugcina iimpahla zixhobisa amashishini ukuba agcine iirekhodi zoluhlu oluchanekileyo nezithembekileyo, ezithomalalisa ilahleko eyayanyaniswa nokuchaneka kakubi kwedatha kunye nolawulo lwempahla.

Ukunciphisa umonakalo weMveliso ngokuYilwa koKhuseleko lokuGcina

Elinye igalelo elikhulu kwilahleko ye-inventri kukonakala kwemveliso, edla ngokubangelwa ziimeko ezingonelanga zokugcina okanye izenzo zokuphatha. Izisombululo zokubeka i-Warehouse racking zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuseleni iimpahla ekwenzakaleni ngokwasemzimbeni ngokubonelela ngamaqonga azinzileyo, aphakamileyo, kunye nezithuba ezifanelekileyo ezilungiselelwe ubume beemveliso ezigciniweyo.

Uyilo olululo lwerakhi luvumela ubunzima obuthile, ubungakanani, kunye nobuthathaka be-inventri, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokutyunyuzwa, ukuwa, okanye ukuvezwa kwizinto eziyingozi. Ukuphakama kweerack ezihlengahlengiswayo kunye nemiqadi eqinisiweyo iqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zibekwe ngokukhuselekileyo, zithintela iingozi ezikhokelela kwisitokhwe esonakeleyo.

Iindidi ezithile zeerack, njengee-cantilever racks, zilungele ukugcina izinto ezimile ezinde okanye ezingaqhelekanga njengemibhobho okanye amaplanga, ukuphelisa iingozi ezibangelwa kukupakishwa okungafanelekanga. Ngokufanayo, i-drive-in kunye ne-drive-through racks inikezela ukugcinwa okunzulu kunye nenkxaso ezinzileyo eyanciphisa ukunyakaza kwemveliso ngexesha lemisebenzi ye-forklift, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa umonakalo ohambelana nokungqubana.

Ukongeza kukhuseleko lomzimba, iinkqubo zokurhweba zinegalelo ekunciphiseni umonakalo ngokukhuthaza ulungelelwaniso olungcono, olunqanda ukupakisha okungakhuselekanga okanye ukugcwala. Iimveliso ezigcinwe ngokufanelekileyo kwii-racks zigwema ukuphathwa ngokungeyomfuneko, nto leyo ebangela ukuguga kunye nokukrazula.

Ezinye izisombululo zokurhaxa ziza neempawu zokhuseleko ezinje ngeendawo zokumisa iipalethi, iileyile zokugada, kunye nezikhuselo zempembelelo ezifunxa ukubetha ngengozi kwisixhobo sokuphatha. Ezi mpawu zisebenza njenge-buffer, zigcina zombini iiracks kunye ne-inventory abayibambayo.

Ngokugcina imfezeko yemveliso ngokusebenzisa izisombululo ezicetywayo zokurhaqa, iindawo zokugcina azinciphisi ilahleko ye-inventri ngokuthe ngqo kodwa zikwanqanda iindleko ezifihlakeleyo ezinxulumene nembuyekezo, ukupakishwa kwakhona, okanye ukunganeliseki kwabathengi okubangelwa yimpahla eyonakeleyo.

Ukuphucula ukuSetyenziswa kweNdawo ukuNciphisa ukuLawulwa kweMpahla

Indawo enyiniweyo ngumngeni oqhelekileyo oovimba abajongana nawo, kwaye ukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga kwendawo yokugcina ekhoyo kudla ngokukhokelela kwilahleko yoluhlu lwempahla ngokubekwa kakubi okanye ukuleyibhelishwa ngendlela engafanelekanga kwesitokhwe. Iinkqubo zokurhwaphiliza kwindawo yokugcina iimpahla zinceda ukwandisa indawo ethe nkqo nethe tyaba, zenza ukuba iindawo zokugcina zikwazi ukwamkela iimveliso ezininzi ngendlela elungelelanisiweyo.

Ngokusebenzisa kakhulu indawo, i-racking inciphisa isihendo sokugcina izinto ngokuzenzekela emgangathweni okanye kwiindawo zethutyana, ezingazinzanga apho zinokulityalwa okanye zilahleke. Iiracks ezithe nkqo zikhulula indawo yokuhamba, ziqinisekisa iindlela ezicacileyo zokuhamba lula kunye nokufikelela kwi-inventory - eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekuthinteleni iimpahla ezilahlekileyo okanye ezilahlekileyo.

Iindlela zokubeka iimodyuli kunye nezilungelelanisiweyo zivumela iindawo zokugcina iimpahla ukuba zilungelelanise ukuseta kwazo ngokwemilinganiselo yesitokhwe eguquguqukayo kunye neemfuno zamaxesha onyaka. Oku kuguquguquka kuthintela ukuxinana kunye nokudideka okubangelwayo okubangela ilahleko ye-inventory.

Ngaphaya koko, ukwenziwa ngcono kwesithuba ngokubeka i-racking kuxhasa ukucandwa kwe-inventri engcono, apho iimveliso zidityaniswa ngokwengqiqo ngokodidi, iireyithi zenguqu, okanye ukuphindaphindwa kokuthunyelwa ngenqanawe. Xa izinto zigcinwe kufutshane neendawo ezifanelekileyo zokusetyenzwa, umngcipheko weempazamo ngexesha lokukhetha okanye ukubuyisela umva wehla kakhulu.

Iinkqubo ezininzi zale mihla zokurhweba zidibanisa ngokungenamthungo kunye nokugcinwa okuzenzekelayo kunye nobuchwepheshe bokufumana kwakhona, ukuphakamisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwendawo kunye nokuchaneka ngaxeshanye. I-automation inciphisa ukungenelela kwesandla, okunokubangela ukungahambi kakuhle, kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba isitokhwe esichanekileyo sihlala sibekwe kwindawo eyabelwe yona.

Isishwankathelo, eyona ndawo ifanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwendawo yokugcina impahla sisicwangciso esingundoqo sokuthintela ilahleko yempahla ebangelwa kukungalungelelani, ukubekwa endaweni engafanelekanga, kunye ne-clutter, ukukhuthaza ukusebenza okunemveliso ngakumbi kunye nokukhuselekileyo kwendawo yokugcina.

Ukuqukumbela, indima ye-warehouse racking ekunciphiseni ilahleko ye-inventri ayinakugqithiswa. Ukusuka ekudaleni iindawo zokugcina ezicwangcisiweyo zokuphucula ukhuseleko kunye nokuchaneka kwe-inventri, iinkqubo zokurhweba zenza umqolo wolawulo olusebenzayo lwendawo yokugcina impahla. Bakwasebenza ukukhusela iimveliso emonakalweni ngelixa besenza eyona ndawo incinci, zonke ezinegalelo ekukhuseleni iimpahla ezixabisekileyo zesitokhwe.

Ukwenza utyalo-mali kwizisombululo ezifanelekileyo zokurhweba kwindawo yokugcina iimpahla ezilungiselelwe ukusebenza komntu ngundoqo ekunciphiseni ilahleko yoluhlu lwempahla kunye nokuphumeza imisebenzi egudileyo, eneendleko zogcino-mpahla. Njengoko amashishini efuna ukuphucula ukomelela kwawo kwikhonkco lonikezelo, ukwenza irakhi yesitora ibonelela ngenyathelo elisebenzayo nelinamandla ekuqinisekiseni imfezeko yoluhlu lwempahla kunye nokwandisa impumelelo yokusebenza ngokubanzi.