Ukubaluleka kokuKhetha iSixokelelwano esiLungileyo soKubeka iWarehouse

Ukukhetha inkqubo efanelekileyo yokugcina indawo yokugcina impahla sisigqibo esibalulekileyo esinokubumba ukusebenza kakuhle, ukhuseleko, kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi kwayo nayiphi na indawo yokugcina. Nokuba ulawula uluhlu lwempahla encinci okanye ukongamela iziko elikhulu lokuhambisa, indlela ezigcinwa ngayo iimpahla ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo imveliso yokusebenza kunye nolawulo lweendleko. Njengoko iindawo zokugcina iimpahla zikhula ngetekhnoloji eqhubela phambili kunye neemfuno ezikhulayo, ukukhetha ishelufu elungileyo kungaphezulu nje kokhetho lolwakhiwo-luhambo lweshishini lobuchule.

Eli nqaku liphengulula nzulu kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zeenkqubo zokubeka iishelufu, libonisa ukuba kutheni ukukhetha okucingisisiweyo kubalulekile, kwaye liqaqambisa indlela izisombululo zanamhlanje zeeshelufu ezinokuzivula ngayo izibonelelo ezibalulekileyo. Ukusuka ekwandiseni indawo ukuya ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko, inkqubo efanelekileyo yokubeka iishelufu idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuguquleni imisebenzi yendawo yokugcina impahla ibe kukuhamba komsebenzi okungenamthungo, okucwangcisiweyo.

Ukuqonda Iindidi Ezahlukeneyo zokuShelufa kweWarehouse kunye nezicelo zazo

Iinkqubo zokubeka iishelufu ze-warehouse ziza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zoyilo kunye nohlengahlengiso, nganye ilungiselelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zokugcina. Ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ezi ntlobo ukuze ukwazi ukulungelelanisa ukhetho lwakho kunye neempawu zakho zoluhlu kunye neenjongo zokusebenza. Izinketho eziqhelekileyo zokubeka iishelufu ziquka i-pallet racking, i-cantilever shelving, i-pallet flow racks, i-push-back racks, kunye ne-shelving yeendawo ezincinci okanye ukugcinwa kobunzima.

I-pallet racking yenye yezona ntlobo zidumileyo ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo zokugcina iimpahla. Le nkqubo inika ukuguquguquka okukhulu ngokubonelela ngokufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-pallet nganye ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhambisa abanye. Lolona khetho lufanelekileyo xa iintlobo ngeentlobo zokugcina isitokhwe (SKUs) zifuna ukuchongwa rhoqo kunye nokuzaliswa kwakhona. Kwelinye icala, iishelufu ze-cantilever zigqwesile ekugcineni izinto ezinde, ezinkulu ezinjengemibhobho, amaplanga, okanye imivalo yentsimbi. Ezi rakhi zibonakalisa iingalo ezisuka kwisakhelo sekholamu enye, evumela ukulayishwa lula kunye nokothula izixhobo ezingaqhelekanga okanye ezinkulu.

Kwiindawo zokugcina iimpahla ezilungisa umthamo ophezulu wezinto ezifanayo, ii-pallet flow racks ziyilelwe ukuqinisekisa ukujikeleza kwe-inventory yokuqala, yokuqala (FIFO). Ezi rakhi zisebenzisa iingoma ezithambekileyo kunye ne-roller ezenza iipallets ziqhubele phambili ngokuzenzekelayo njengoko i-pallet yangaphambili isusiwe, iphucula kakhulu ukuphumelela kokukhetha ngaphandle komsebenzi owongezelelweyo. Ngokukwanjalo, iirakhi zokutyhalela umva zisebenza kwindawo yokugqibela, eyokuqala (LIFO), igcina iipalethi ezininzi ngobunzulu kunye nokutyhalela ngasemva iipaliti kwiinqwelo ezinendlwane.

Iindawo ezincinci zokubeka ishelufu zihlala zifana neshelufu yemveli kodwa zomelezwa ukubamba imithwalo enzima, exineneyo efana nemigqomo ezaliswe ngamandongomane, iibholiti, okanye izinto zombane. Ezi nkqubo zinokuphucula ngokubonakalayo ukuchaneka kocwangco kunye nesantya sokukhangela kumashishini axhomekeke kwizinto ezincinci ze-inventri.

Ngokuqonda umda osebenzayo kunye namandla okusebenza kohlobo ngalunye lweshelufu, abaphathi bendawo yokugcina iimpahla banokukhetha inkqubo edibanisa ngaphandle komthungo kunye neziseko zabo ezikhoyo kunye neemfuno zokuhamba komsebenzi, ekugqibeleni baphucula indawo yokugcina kunye nokuphathwa kwempahla.

Ukwandisa uSetyenziso lweNdawo ngokuKhetha okuCwangcisiweyo koBugcisa

Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zokukhetha ngononophelo inkqubo efanelekileyo yokugcina indawo yokugcina impahla kukwandisa indawo yokugcina. Iindawo zokugcina iimpahla, nokuba zingakanani na, zijongana noxinzelelo olungagungqiyo lokugcina iimpahla ezininzi ngokufanelekileyo ngaphandle kokwandisa indawo yazo. Ukhetho lwenkqubo yokubeka iishelufu luchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo indlela onokusisebenzisa ngayo isithuba esithe nkqo nesithe tyaba, kwaye ungakanani na onokubeka ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye ugcine.

Ukwandisa indawo ethe nkqo kubandakanya ukukhetha ishelufu enokufakwa kumphakamo opheleleyo wendawo yokugcina impahla ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni ukufikeleleka okanye ukhuseleko. Ngokomzekelo, iisistim zokupakisha iipalethi ezilungiselelwe ngokuphakama okude kunye nobubanzi obufanelekileyo be-aisle buvumela ukuba usebenzise ngokuzeleyo ukuphakama kwendawo yokugcina impahla. Indlela emxinwa okanye indlela emxinwa kakhulu inokunyusa ngakumbi ugcino lokuxinana ngokunciphisa indawo efunekayo phakathi kwemiqolo yokugcina, nangona zinokufuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezifana neelori ezifikelelayo okanye izithuthi ezizisebenzelayo.

Ngaphandle kobude, ubunzulu beshelufu kunye noqwalaselo nazo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ishelufu yexesha elide ifanelekile ukugcina izinto ezinkulu, ezikhaphukhaphu nzulu, zisebenzisa indawo ethe tye ngaphandle kobubanzi bepaseji. Ngokuchaseneyo, iiracks ezikhethiweyo ziqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa okuphuculweyo kweenyawo ngokugcina uluhlu lwempahla kwiifomathi ezifikeleleka ngokulula. Ukongezelela, iinkqubo ze-shelving zemodyuli zinokuphinda ziqwalaselwe okanye zandiswe njengoko iimfuno ze-inventory zikhula, zibonelela ngokuguquguquka kwexesha elide kunye nolawulo lwendawo.

Uyilo lweshelufu elumkileyo luhlala lubandakanya i-mezzanines okanye amaqonga anemigangatho emininzi, ngokufanelekileyo yenze imigangatho eyongezelelweyo ngaphakathi kwendawo enye yokugcina. Olu lwandiso luvumela ugcino lwempahla yesibini okanye enganeno ukufikeleleka ngaphezu kweendawo eziphambili zokuchola, kukhulula indawo yomgangatho obalulekileyo kunye nokuhamba kakuhle komsebenzi.

Ngaphezu koko, ukudibanisa ishelufu kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwendawo yokugcina impahla (WMS) inceda ukuhlola ukuhamba koluhlu kunye nokulungelelanisa uyilo lweshelufu ngamandla. Ukubekwa kweeshelufu eziqhutywa yidatha kunciphisa iibhotile, ukuhambisa izinto ezithengiswa ngokucothayo kwiindawo eziphantsi kunye nokubeka iimpahla ezihamba ngokukhawuleza ekufikeleleni ngokukhawuleza.

Ngokukhetha ngobuchule kunye nokuyila iiseti zeeshelufu, iindawo zokugcina iimpahla zinokutyhala umthamo wazo wogcino ziye kubude obutsha, zinciphise indawo echithekileyo, kwaye zixhase inkqubo yoluhlu lwempahla ecwangciswe ngakumbi nesebenzayo.

Ukuphucula uKhuseleko kunye noKuhlala ixesha elide kwiMisebenzi yeWarehouse

Ukhuseleko lubaluleke kakhulu kuyo nayiphi na imeko yendawo yokugcina impahla, kwaye inkqubo yeeshelufu idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni indawo yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo. Ukukhetha iishelufu ezingafanelekanga okanye iiracks ezingagcinwanga kakuhle kunokukhokelela kwiingozi, ukwenzakala, kunye nomonakalo obiza kakhulu kwiimveliso kunye nezixhobo. Ke ngoko, ukukhetha ukuqina, ukuthotyelwa, kunye neenkqubo zokubeka iishelufu eziyilwe kakuhle kubalulekile kukhuseleko lokusebenza.

Ishelufu esemgangathweni yeshelufu yakhiwe ngezinto ezinokuqina okuphezulu njengentsimbi yegeyiji enzima, eyinjineli yokumelana nemithwalo enzima kunye nokushukuma okuthe gqolo ngaphakathi kommandla woshishino. Ukomelela kuqinisekisa ukuba iiracks azikhubazeki okanye zisilele xa ziphantsi kokuguquguquka kobunzima okanye iimpembelelo zengozi ezivela kwi-forklift kunye ne-pallet jacks. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokuthobela izikhokelo zokhuseleko nako kwandisa ubomi beenkqubo zokubeka iishelufu kunye nokukhusela abasebenzi kwiingozi.

Iimpawu zokhuseleko zinokubandakanya iziqhagamshelo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, i-ankile yenyikima yemimandla ethandwa ziinyikima, kunye nokuhonjiswa kweengcingo ukuze kuthintelwe izinto ekuweleni kwiiracks. Kwiindawo zokugcina iitrafikhi eziphezulu, abalindi bokuphela kwendlela kunye nezithintelo zokukhusela zinokunciphisa amathuba omonakalo wempembelelo kwi-shelving kunye nokunceda ukugcina ingqibelelo yesakhiwo.

Olunye uqwalaselo kumthamo womthwalo. Iishelufu kufuneka zinikwe umlinganiselo wobunzima obuninzi eziya kubuthwala, kunye nomda wokhuseleko ofakwe kuyo.

Ngaphaya koko, ukugcinwa lula kunye nokuleyibhelishwa okucacileyo kwiishelufu kunegalelo kwimisebenzi ekhuselekileyo yesitora. Abasebenzi abaxhotyiswe ngeerakhi ezinxibelelana ngokubonakalayo imida yomthwalo kunye nezikhokelo ezifanelekileyo zokupakisha zikholisa ukulandela iindlela zokuphatha ezikhuselekileyo.

Okokugqibela, ukuqeqesha abasebenzi kubuchule bokugcina obufanelekileyo kunye nokwazisa malunga neesistim zeeshelufu kuhambelana nawo nawaphi na amanyathelo okhuseleko lomzimba. Xa ishelufu ehlala ixesha elide idibana nemigaqo yokhuseleko eyomeleleyo, indawo yokugcina impahla ihlala ikhuselekile kubo bobabini abantu kunye neemveliso, iqinisa ukuthembeka kokusebenza.

Ukuphucula ukuSebenza kunye nokuhamba komsebenzi kunye neNkqubo yeShelving eLungileyo

Ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwindawo yokugcina iimpahla kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwindlela ekhawulezayo nangokuchanekileyo enokufumaneka ngayo, ukuchongwa, ukuzaliswa ngokutsha, kunye nokuthunyelwa ngenqanawa. Inkqubo efanelekileyo yeshelufu inokuphucula kakhulu oku kuhamba komsebenzi ngokuququzelela iimpahla ngeendlela ezinciphisa amaxesha okukhangela kunye nokunciphisa ukuhamba okungeyomfuneko.

Okokuqala, iinkqubo zokubeka iishelufu eziyilelwe ukufikelela ngokulula, ezinje ngeerakhi ezikhethiweyo zeepalethi, zenza ukuba abacholi bakhuphe izinto ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle kokuhambisa esinye isitokhwe. Oku konga ixesha elixabisekileyo kwaye kunciphisa umgudu wabasebenzi. Ngokwahlukileyo, iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo ezinje nge-drive-in okanye i-drive-through racks zifaneleke ngcono ukugcinwa kwesambuku kodwa zinokucothisa ukufikelela kwizinto ezithile.

Ukuba indawo yokugcina impahla igxile kwimpahla ehamba ngokukhawuleza, ukuphumeza ishelufu ebonelela ngeendlela eziguquguqukayo zokuchola inokwandisa imveliso. Umzekelo, i-pallet flow racks okanye i-carton flow shelving isebenzisa iiroli zomxhuzulane ukubonisa izinto ezikufutshane nomsebenzi, ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yokuchola kunye nokunciphisa ukugoba okanye ukolula.

Ukulungelelanisa ishelufu esekwe kwisantya se-SKU nako kuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle. Ukwahlulahlula iimveliso ezifikelelwa rhoqo kufutshane nezikhululo zokupakisha kunye nokubeka uluhlu lwempahla oluhamba kancinane kwindawo yokugcina efikelelekayo kunceda ukulungelelanisa imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.

Ukudityaniswa nobuchwepheshe bogcino olufana nebarcode scanners, RFID, kunye ne-automated inventory systems iphakamisa ngakumbi izibonelelo zoyilo olusebenzayo lweshelufu. Amashalofu axhotyiswe ngeeleyibhile zedijithali okanye abenzi boluvo banokubonelela ngohlaziyo lwempahla yexesha langempela kunye nokulandelela indawo echanekileyo.

Okokugqibela, iinkqubo zeeshelufu zeemodyuli ezilungelelanisa ukuguquguquka kobungakanani bempahla kunye nokwahluka kweemveliso zivumela iindawo zokugcina ukuba zihambelane neemfuno eziguqukayo zeshishini. Iimpawu zohlengahlengiso ezifana nemiqadi eshukumayo kunye neendawo ezilungiselelwayo zixhasa iindlela ezininzi zokukhetha, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuhamba komsebenzi kuhlala kugudileyo nanjengoko utshintsho lwempahla.

Ukukhetha iinkqubo zeshelufu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle engqondweni kuguqulela kwiindleko ezincitshisiweyo zabasebenzi, ukuzaliseka kweodolo ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokuphucula ukwaneliseka kwabathengi.

Uqwalaselo lweendleko kunye neXabiso loTyalo-mali lweXesha elide kwiiNkqubo zeShelving

Ngelixa iindleko zangaphambili zokubeka ishelufu yeyona nto ibalulekileyo, ukugxila kuphela kwiindleko zokuqala kunokukhokelela kukhetho olusezantsi. Ukujonga iishelufu njengotyalo-mali lwexesha elide kunokuthenga nje kwangoko kukhuthaza abenzi bezigqibo ukuba bavavanye ixabiso elipheleleyo, kubandakanywa ukuqina, ukuguquguquka, kunye nefuthe elinokubakho kwiindleko zokusebenza.

Iinkqubo zokubeka iishelufu ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinokuthwala ithegi yexabiso eliphezulu kodwa zihlala zizisa amandla aphezulu, ukhuseleko, kunye nobomi obude. Utyalo-mali kwizinto ezihlala ixesha elide kunye nabavelisi abathembekileyo kunciphisa imfuno yokulungiswa rhoqo, ukutshintshwa, okanye iziganeko zokhuseleko, ekugqibeleni kuthoba iindleko zizonke zobunini.

Ngaphezu koko, iishelufu ezixhasa ulungelelwaniso olubhetyebhetye kunye namandla okwandisa kunokwamkela ukukhula kwexesha elizayo, kuthintelwa uhlengahlengiso oluneendleko eziphezulu okanye ukuhanjiswa kwendawo. Ishelufu eguquguqukayo ivumela amashishini ukuba aguqule uyilo njengoko imigca yemveliso iguquka okanye inyuka imiqulu, ukukhusela inkcitho eyinkunzi yokuqala.

Kwelinye icala, iishelufu ezingabizi kakhulu iinketho, ngelixa zinomtsalane ekuqaleni, zisenokungaphumeleli ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomthwalo, zibangele ukungasebenzi kakuhle, okanye zikhokelele ekwenyukeni kwexesha lokuphumla ngenxa yemiba yogcino. Ezi ndleko zingathanga ngqo zinokugqitha kulo naluphi na ugcino lwangaphambili ngexesha elifutshane.

Ukongeza, iinkqubo ezininzi zeeshelufu ngoku ziza kunye nokunikezelwa kwewaranti, iinkonzo zofakelo, kunye nokubonisana noyilo ukuqinisekisa ukuseta okufanelekileyo, okukhusela utyalo-mali kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kwasekuqaleni.

Ukuphonononga iindleko zokubeka iishelufu kufuneka kwakhona kubangele kwinzuzo enokubakho yemveliso eziswa luyilo oluphuculweyo kunye nokuphuculwa kokuhamba komsebenzi. Ukomelezwa kwempumelelo yabasebenzi kunye nokuncipha komonakalo kwimpahla kunokuvelisa izibonelelo zemali eziphelisa utyalo-mali lokuqala lweshelufu ngokukhawuleza.

Ngokuqwalasela iindleko kumxholo wezinto eziluncedo zexesha elide kunye nokukhula kweshishini, abaphathi bendawo yokugcina iimpahla banokukhetha iinkqubo zokubeka iishelufu ezinikezela ngembuyekezo enentsingiselo ngaphaya kwexabiso lokuthenga nje.

Isishwankathelo, ukubaluleka kokukhetha inkqubo efanelekileyo yokugcina indawo yokugcina impahla ayinakugqithiswa. Ngokuhlalutya ngononophelo iintlobo zeeshelufu ezikhoyo, ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwendawo, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuqina, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuhamba komsebenzi, kunye nokuqonda iindleko zeendleko, amashishini anokuguqula imisebenzi yawo yokugcina kwindawo enemveliso ephezulu. Ukwenza ukhetho lweeshelufu ezinolwazi kuvula amandla olawulo olungcono lwe-inventri, iindawo zokusebenza ezikhuselekileyo, kunye noseto oluguquguqukayo oluthi luguquke ngeemfuno zeshishini.

Njengoko iindawo zokugcina iimpahla ziqhubeleka ukuba ziindawo ezingundoqo kumakhonkco obonelelo, ukutyala ixesha kunye nezixhobo ekukhetheni eyona nkqubo ilungileyo yokubeka iishelufu linyathelo elikhokelela ekugqweseni kokusebenza. Ekugqibeleni, inkqubo efanelekileyo yokubeka iishelufu ayixhasi nje kuphela iimfuno zangoku kodwa ikwalungiselela indawo yakho ukuhlangabezana nemiceli mngeni esebenzayo nangokuzinzileyo.