IiNdleko zokuFaneka kweeNkqubo eziKhethekileyo zoGcino zokuRakhi kwishishini lakho

Kwimeko yoshishino yanamhlanje ekhawulezayo, ukulawula uluhlu lwempahla ngokufanelekileyo kubalulekile kwimpumelelo. Izisombululo zogcino zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kwendawo yokugcina, ukunciphisa iindleko, kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwendawo. Phakathi kweentlobo ezininzi zeenketho ezikhoyo, iinkqubo ezikhethiweyo zokugcina ii-racking ziye zafumana ingqwalasela ebalulekileyo ngokuguquguquka kwazo kunye nokusebenza kweendleko. Ukuba ucinga ngendlela yokuphucula ukuseta indawo yakho yokugcina okanye ukhangela iindlela zokuphucula ukusebenza kwakho kakuhle, ukujonga iindlela ezikhethiweyo zokugcina iirakhi kunokuba ngumdlalo wokutshintsha iimfuno zeshishini lakho.

Ukuqonda impembelelo yezemali kunye neenzuzo zokusebenza kweenkqubo zokurhweba ezikhethiweyo kunokunceda abanini bamashishini benze izigqibo ezinolwazi ezingagcini nje ngokugcina iindleko kodwa ziphucule imveliso. Eli nqaku ligocagoca kwiinkalo ezininzi zeesistim ezikhethiweyo zokugcina iirakhi, ezikukhokelela kwiinzuzo zabo zoqoqosho, usetyenziso, kunye nendlela abanegalelo ngayo ekukhuleni kwexesha elide leshishini lakho.

Ukuqonda iiNkqubo zokuKhetha eziKhethekileyo zokuGcina kunye neZiseko zazo

Iisistim ezikhethiweyo zokugcina iirakhi mhlawumbi lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lwezisombululo ze-warehouse racking ezisetyenziswa kwihlabathi liphela. Le nkqubo yenzelwe ukunika ukufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-pallet nganye okanye iyunithi yomthwalo ngaphandle kokuhambisa ezinye iipalati, okwenza kube yinto eguquguqukayo kakhulu kwaye ilungele imisebenzi efuna ukujikeleza kwempahla rhoqo okanye ukuphatha iindidi ezininzi ze-SKU (Iiyunithi zokugcinwa kweStock).

Uyilo lwe-racking ekhethiweyo lubandakanya imiqolo yeendawo zokugcina iipaleti, ezixhaswe ngamafreyimu amileyo kunye nemiqadi ethe tye eyenza amanqanaba okugcina. Ngenxa yokuba ii-racks zibonelela ngokufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwinto nganye egciniweyo, zivumela ukukhethwa ngokukhawuleza, ukuchongwa lula kwempahla, kunye nombutho osebenzayo. Oku kunokunciphisa kakhulu ixesha abasebenzi abalichitha bekhangela izinto, nto leyo eguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kukongiwa kweendleko zabasebenzi.

Ngaphezu koko, iinkqubo zokukhwela ezikhethiweyo zingenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokumalunga nobude, ububanzi, kunye nomthamo womthwalo, okuvumela amashishini abo bonke ubukhulu ukuba alungelelanise inkqubo kwiimfuno zabo. Ukukhululeka kokulinganisa kuthetha ukuba njengoko inkampani yakho ikhula okanye utshintsho lwakho lwempahla, unokutshintsha kwaye wandise inkqubo yakho yokurakisha ngaphandle kokufuna ukubuyisela ukuseta konke. Oku kuguquguquka yinto ecacileyo eyenza igalelo kwiindleko zabo.

Iinkqubo ezikhethiweyo zokurhweba zilungele amashishini ahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukwenziwa, ukuhambisa, ukuthengisa, kunye nokutya kunye neziselo. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwabo, bajongana nemisebenzi efuna amaxesha okutshintsha ngokukhawuleza, njengokungena kuqala, okokuqala (FIFO) izenzo zolawulo lwempahla. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuhlaziyeka kwemveliso kwaye kunciphisa inkunkuma, eyenye indlela engathanga ngqo ezi nkqubo ezinokonga ngayo iindleko.

Ngelixa utyalo-mali lokuqala kwinkqubo yokubeka i-racking ekhethiweyo kuxhomekeke kumgangatho wezinto eziphathekayo kunye nokwenziwa ngokwezifiso, ukugcinwa kwexesha elide ngokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, ukunciphisa iiyure zabasebenzi, ukuthintela umonakalo wemveliso, kunye nokuphucula indawo kwenza kube sisigqibo esilumkileyo kunye nezoqoqosho kumashishini amaninzi.

Imiba ePhambili eFaka iNdleko-uKusebenza ngokuKhethekileyo kwiiNkqubo zokuRakisha zokuGcina

Isibheno seenkqubo ezikhethiweyo zokugcinwa kwe-racking zisekelwe kakhulu kwiindleko zabo, eziphuma kwizinto ezininzi ezichaphazela ukugcinwa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nokungathanga ngqo. Omnye wabanegalelo eliphambili kukuncitshiswa kweendleko zokusebenza kwendawo yokugcina impahla. Ngokubonelela ngokufikelela ngokukhawuleza kulo lonke uluhlu lweempahla, i-racking ekhethiweyo inciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokukhetha. Abasebenzi banokufumana kwaye bafumane iimveliso ezinokunyakaza okuncinci, okungakhawulezi nje ukuhamba komsebenzi kodwa kunciphise iindleko zabasebenzi kakhulu.

Ukulungiswa kwendawo nako kudlala indima ebalulekileyo. Nangona iiracks ezikhethiweyo zingakuvumeli ukugcinwa okuxineneyo njengezinye iinkqubo ezifana ne-drive-in racks, zenza kakhulu kwindawo yokugcina ethe nkqo. Ukusebenzisa ubude kunendawo yomgangatho kunceda iinkampani zigcine iimpahla ezininzi kwisikwere sonyawo, nto leyo enokuthi inciphise imfuno yeendawo ezinkulu zokugcina iimpahla. Oku kuguqulela kulondolozo olukhulu, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iindleko eziphezulu ezinxulumene ne-real estate kunye nerenti yendawo yokugcina okanye irenti.

Ngaphezu koko, iindleko zokugcina kunye nokutshintshwa kweenkqubo zokukhwela ezikhethiweyo zivame ukuba ziphantsi xa kuthelekiswa nezisombululo zokugcina ezizenzekelayo okanye iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo. Ulwakhiwo olulula ngokwentelekiso lufuna ukugcinwa kancinci kwaye lunokulungiswa ngokukhawuleza xa lonakele. Uyilo lweemodyuli lukwathetha ukuba izinto ezonakalisiweyo zinokutshintshwa ngokwahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokuchaphazela yonke inkqubo.

Ngapha koko, iinkqubo ezikhethiweyo zokurhweba zokugcina zinciphisa amathuba omonakalo wemveliso. Ukukwazi ukufikelela kwizinto ngokuthe ngqo kuthintela ukuphathwa ngokungeyomfuneko okanye ukuhamba kweemveliso ezingqongileyo, ezinokukhokelela kwiingozi okanye umonakalo. Ukukhusela imfezeko yoluhlu lwempahla kunciphisa ilahleko kunye nenkcitho, ngaloo ndlela kube nefuthe ngokuthe ngqo kwimida yengeniso.

Okokugqibela, ezi nkqubo zixhobisa iinkampani ukuba ziphucule iindlela zazo zolawulo lwempahla. Ngokuphucula umbutho kunye nokubonakala, abaphathi banokugcina umkhondo ongcono wamanqanaba esitokhwe, banciphise ubuninzi bempahla, kwaye baphephe ukuphuma kwamasheya. Oku kusebenza kakuhle kulawulo lwempahla kuthintela zombini ukubophelela inkunzi ngokungeyomfuneko kunye nokulahlekelwa yintengiso ngenxa yeemveliso ezingafumanekiyo-undoqo wolawulo lweendleko kulungiselelo.

Ukuthelekisa okuKhethekileyo kokuGcinwa koGcino kunye nezinye izisombululo zeRacking

Ngelixa iisistim ezikhethiweyo zokugcina iirakhi zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba zithelekisa njani nezisombululo ezizezinye zokurhaqa ukuxabisa ukusebenza kwazo ngokupheleleyo kweendleko. Ezinye iintlobo zeenkqubo zokugcina ziquka i-drive-in racking, i-push-back racking, i-pallet flow racking, kunye neenkqubo ezizenzekelayo, nganye eyenzelwe iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zokugcina iimpahla kunye nezithintelo zendawo.

I-Drive-in kunye ne-drive-through-through racking systems ivumela ukugcinwa koxinano oluphezulu ngokuvumela i-forklifts ukuba ingene kwisakhiwo sokukhwela. Ezi nkqubo zandisa kakhulu umthamo wokugcina ngokunciphisa indawo ye-aisle kodwa ngeendleko zokulahlekelwa ukufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-pallet nganye. Oku kunokwenza nzima iinkqubo zokukhethwa kunye nokujikeleza kwe-inventri, okunokunyusa iindleko zabasebenzi kunye nomngcipheko womonakalo ngexesha lokubuyisela.

I-Push-back racking isebenzisa iinqwelo ezihamba ngoololiwe emva kweendawo zepallet zangaphambili. Inika ingxinano eyongeziweyo yogcino xa kuthelekiswa nerakhi ekhethiweyo ngelixa isabonelela ngofikelelo olulula kodwa ifuna utyalo-mali oluninzi kwaye kunokuba nzima ukuyigcina.

I-Pallet flow racking isebenzisa iileyili zomxhuzulane ukuze ikwazi ukuphumela phezulu kunye nokujikeleziswa kwemveliso okuzenzekelayo, kuyenza ilungele uluhlu lwempahla olufuna ulawulo olungqongqo lweFIFO. Nangona kunjalo, ukufakela kunye nokugcinwa kwayo kunokuba yindleko, kuyenza ibe yinto engathandekiyo kumashishini amancinci agxile ekugcinweni kweendleko zokuqala.

Ukugcinwa ngokuzenzekelayo kunye neenkqubo zokubuyisela (AS / RS) zibonelela ngobuchule obukhulu, ukuchaneka, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwendawo kodwa kubandakanya utyalo-mali oluphambili oluphambili, iimfuno zobuchwepheshe obuphambili, kunye neendleko zokugcinwa okuqhubekayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo zilungele imisebenzi emikhulu kakhulu kunye nomthamo ophezulu we-inventory kunye neemfuno eziqinileyo zokusebenza.

Ngokuthelekisa, i-racking ekhethiweyo inika ibhalansi yeendleko, ukufikeleleka, kunye nokuguquguquka. Iluncedo kakhulu kumashishini anoluhlu lwezinto ezahlukeneyo kunye neemfuno zokufikelela rhoqo. Ukukwazi ukulungelelanisa inkqubo ngokulula, kudityaniswe neendleko ezilawulekayo, kwenza i-racking ekhethiweyo yokugcina ibe yinto ekhangayo kakhulu kwabo bafuna ixabiso ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle.

IiNgqwalasela zokuPhunyezwa ukuze kunyuswe iNdleko-eFanelekileyo

Utyalo-mali kwi-racking yokugcina ekhethiweyo sisiqalo nje. Ukwandisa ngokwenene ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko, ukuphunyezwa okucingisisiweyo kubalulekile. Ingqwalaselo yokuqala ibandakanya ukuqhutywa kovavanyo olunzulu lweemfuno. Oku kubandakanya ukuhlalutya iimpawu zakho ze-inventri, iireyithi zengeniso, kunye nemilinganiselo yendawo yokugcina impahla. Ukuthatha isigqibo malunga nemilinganiselo efanelekileyo yerack, amandla omthwalo, kunye nobubanzi be-aisle kuya kukwandisa ukuhamba kunye nokugcinwa koxinano, ukuthintela imigibe eqhelekileyo efana nokugqithisa kakhulu iimfuno zendawo okanye ukuyila ngaphantsi komthamo womthwalo.

I-ergonomics kunye nokhuseleko kufuneka kwakhona zibekwe phambili ngexesha lesigaba sokucwangcisa. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iipaseji zibanzi ngokwaneleyo ukuba iiforklift zihambe ngokukhuselekileyo kunciphisa iingozi zeengozi kunye nexesha lokungasebenzi. Ukongezwa kweempawu ezifana nenethi yokhuseleko okanye i-rack yokukhusela i-rack igcina ingqibelelo yenkqubo yokukrazula kwaye ikhusela zombini izixhobo kunye nabasebenzi.

Abasebenzi abaqeqeshelwa ukusetyenziswa nokugcinwa ngendlela eyiyo banegalelo nakokonga ixesha elide. Abasebenzi abafundileyo baya kuyisingatha i-inventri ngobuchule ngakumbi, baphephe ukuziphatha okunokubangela umonakalo weeracks, nolawulo olulumkileyo malunga nolungiso oluyimfuneko ngokukhawuleza. Le nkcubeko yolondolozo yandisa ubomi benkqubo yokurhweba, inika imbuyekezo engcono kutyalo-mali.

Elinye iqhinga lokuphumeza libandakanya ukudibanisa iteknoloji efana nezikena zebhakhowudi okanye isoftware yolawulo lwendawo yokugcina impahla (WMS). Nangona ezi zongeza ezinye iindleko kwangaphambili, zonyusa ukuchaneka koluhlu kunye nokunciphisa iimpazamo zokukhetha, ezithi ekugqibeleni zonge imali ngokuthintela iimpazamo ezibiza kakhulu kunye nokuphucula amaxabiso okuzaliseka komyalelo.

Okokugqibela, ukusebenza kunye nabathengisi abanamava kunye nabafakeli be-rack kunokubonelela ngengqiqo ebalulekileyo kwimimiselo engcono kunye nezenzo zofakelo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba uphepha iimpazamo ezibiza kakhulu kunye nokuguqulwa kwexesha elizayo. Inkxaso yobuchwephesha ngexesha lokuseta iqinisekisa inguqu ekhawulezayo, egudileyo kunye nokusebenza okuphuculweyo kwenkqubo yakho yokupakisha yokugcina.

Ixesha elide leeNzuzo zezeMali nezokusebenza

Ixabiso lokuqala lokuthenga linokuba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kumashishini amaninzi, kodwa iinzuzo zexesha elide zemali kunye nokusebenza kweenkqubo zokupakisha zokugcina ezikhethiweyo zihlala zidlula kakhulu iindleko zangaphambili. Enye inzuzo ebalulekileyo kukuphuculwa kwemveliso yabasebenzi. Abakhi kunye nabasebenzi bendawo yokugcina impahla bachitha ixesha elincinane bekhangela kwaye befumana izinto, nto leyo ebenza bakwazi ukugqiba imisebenzi emininzi ngeyure enye yomsebenzi, nto leyo ecutha ukuhlawulwa kwexesha elongezelelekileyo okanye iimfuno ezongezelelweyo zabasebenzi.

Ngaphandle kokugcinwa kweendleko, i-racking yokugcina ekhethiweyo iphucula ukwaneliseka kwabathengi ngokuququzelela ukulungiswa kwe-odolo ngokukhawuleza kunye neempazamo ezimbalwa zoluhlu. Ukukwazi ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuthunyelwa kweemveliso ezichanekileyo kwandisa ukuthembeka kwaye kunceda iinkampani ukuba zihlangabezane nemihla ebekiwe yokuhanjiswa rhoqo. Abathengi abonwabileyo bahlala bekhokelela ekuphindaphindweni kweshishini kunye nobukho obunamandla kwimarike.

I-scalability ye-racking yokugcina ekhethiweyo iphinde ixhase ukukhula kweshishini ngaphandle kokutshintsha rhoqo kweziseko zophuhliso. Njengoko iintlobo ze-inventri okanye imiqulu iguquguquka, inkqubo inokuphinda iqwalaselwe, yandiswe, okanye ithotywe ngenkcitho encinci yemali.

Ngokusingqongileyo, ngokwandisa indawo, iinkampani zihlala zinciphisa indawo yazo yekhabhoni ehambelana nobungakanani bendawo okanye iimfuno ezongezelelweyo zezindlu nomhlaba. Ukujikeleziswa kwe-inventri esebenzayo exhaswa ngala ma-rack kunceda ukunciphisa inkunkuma kunye nokonakala, ukongeza ixabiso elingathanga ngqo kwiinzame zokuzinza.

Ekugqibeleni, ngokukhusela iimveliso kumonakalo kunye nokugcina ukulawulwa kwempahla engcono, amashishini ajongene nelahleko encinci kunye nokubhala phantsi, okuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo inzuzo. Ukuthembeka kunye nokulungelelaniswa kweenkqubo ezikhethiweyo zokugcina iirakhi zikhusela umqolo osebenzayo wesicwangciso sakho sokugcina, igalelo kwimpilo eqinileyo yezemali kwiminyaka ezayo.

Isishwankathelo, iinkqubo ezikhethiweyo zokugcinwa kwe-racking zinika indibaniselwano egqwesileyo yokuguquguquka, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuphumelela kweendleko, okwenza kube yi-investment yobulumko kuluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini. Ukusuka ekunciphiseni iindleko zokusebenza kunye nokuphucula imveliso yabasebenzi ukuxhasa ukukhula kwexesha elide, ezi nkqubo zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezibonakalayo nezizinzileyo. Ngokukhetha ngononophelo ulungelelwaniso olululo kwaye luluphumeze ngokucingisisayo, iinkampani zinokunyusa kakhulu ukusebenza kwazo kwindawo yokugcina iimpahla kwaye ziphucule ingeniso iyonke.

Ukuba ucinga ngokuphucula isiseko sakho sogcino okanye ujonge iindlela zokunciphisa iindleko zokugcina, iinkqubo ezikhethiweyo zokurhwasha indawo zifuna ukuqwalaselwa nzulu. Bamele isisombululo esisebenzayo, esinokwehla, kunye nesemali esihambelana kakuhle neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zoshishino kunye neenjongo zokusebenza zexesha elide.