Ukugcinwa Kwindawo Ebandayo Ukubeka Iipalethi Ezinzulu Kabini: Ngaba Kukhuselekile Ukugcinwa Kweempahla Eziqandisiweyo?

Izisombululo zokugcina izinto ezibandayo kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno ezingqongqo zokugcina impahla eqandisiweyo isemgangathweni, kwaye iinkqubo zokurhangqa iipalethi ezinzulu kabini zivela njengomchasi onamandla weendlela zokugcina izinto ezikhuselekileyo. Ubunzima beemveliso eziqandisiweyo, kunye nobunzima bolawulo lwendawo yokugcina impahla, kufuna isisombululo esiqinileyo nesithembekileyo seshelufu esilungiselelwe imeko-bume yokugcina izinto ezibandayo. Ngokuhlalutya iimpawu zoyilo, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nemigangatho yokhuseleko, abachaphazelekayo banokuqinisekisa ukufaneleka kweepalethi ezinzulu kabini zokugcina izinto eziqandisiweyo.

Ukuqonda Iimfuneko Zokugcina Izinto Ezibandayo

Imisebenzi yokugcina izinto ezibandayo ngempumelelo ixhomekeke kwizinto ezibalulekileyo eziquka ulawulo lobushushu, ulawulo lomswakama, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwendawo ngokufanelekileyo. Iimpahla eziqandisiweyo zifuna amaqondo obushushu angaphantsi okanye angaphantsi kwe -18°C (0°F) ukuze zigcine umgangatho wazo kwaye zithintele ukonakala. Ngenxa yoko, nasiphi na isisombululo sokugcina kufuneka sihambelane nemithetho eqinileyo yobushushu, siqinisekise ukuba iimveliso zihlala ziqandisiwe rhoqo kulo lonke ixesha lazo lokugcina impahla.

Ngaphezu koko, ukulawula amanqanaba okufuma kubaluleke ngokulinganayo. Ukufuma okugqithisileyo kunokukhokelela ekuqokeleleni kweqabaka kwiimveliso nakwiinkqubo zokurhangqa, oku kungachaphazeli nje kuphela ukuthembeka kweempahla kodwa kunokubeka emngciphekweni ukhuseleko kwindawo yokugcina. Ke ngoko, izixhobo zokugquma ezifanelekileyo kunye neempawu zoyilo kufuneka zivavanywe kunye neetekhnoloji zokulawula ubushushu, nto leyo eyenza impembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle kunye nomgangatho wemveliso.

Ukongeza, uyilo lwendawo yokugcina impahla kunye nokukhethwa kweenkqubo zokugcina impahla kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kolawulo lwe-cold chain. Ukubeka iipallet ezinzulu kabini kunika iingenelo eziphawulekayo kweli candelo. Ngokuvumela iipallet ukuba zihlale zinzulu kabini, le nkqubo inyusa uxinano lokugcina impahla ngelixa inciphisa inkcitho yendawo, ikhuthaza ulawulo olungcono lwempahla. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zibonelelo kufuneka zilinganiswe ngononophelo malunga nemiba yokhuseleko enokuvela kuxinano olukhulu lokugcina impahla.

Uqwalaselo kunye nokuqwalaselwa kobunzima

Iinkqubo zokurhangqa iipalethi ezinzulu kabini zihlala ziqulathe uthotho lweerakhi ezibekwe ukuze kuvumeleke ukuba iipalethi ezimbini zigcinwe emva kwenye. Olu yilo luluncedo kwiimveliso ezininzi ezifanayo, nto leyo ephucula ukufikeleleka kolawulo lwempahla ye-FIFO (First In, First Out). Nangona kunjalo, olu lungiselelo lunemingeni ngokwemvelo malunga nokusasazwa kobunzima kunye nokufikelela.

Iimpahla ezikhenkcezisiweyo zihlala zifika kwiipallet ezinzima, nto leyo efuna ukuqonda kakuhle imida yobunzima kunye nokuqina kwesakhiwo. Inkqubo nganye yokurhangqa iipallet inemida ethile yobunzima ukuthintela ukugqithiswa kakhulu, okunokugxininisa ukuqina kwesakhiwo seracking kwaye kukhokelele ekusileleni okukhulu. Ke ngoko, imibutho kufuneka iqhagamshelane nabavelisi malunga nokulinganiswa kobunzima bezinto ngelixa ikwaqwalasela ubunzima obupheleleyo beepallet ezigciniweyo.

Ukufikeleleka yenye ingxaki; iinkqubo zepallet ezinzulu kabini zinokwenza kube nzima ukufumana izinto, ingakumbi kwindawo ebandayo apho abasebenzi banokuba nexesha elincinci lokuchitha kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphantsi. I-Pacific Northwest National Laboratory igxininisa ukubaluleka okubalulekileyo kokuqinisekisa ukufikelela lula kwiimveliso, njengoko ukulibaziseka kunokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni ngenxa yokuguquguquka kobushushu okanye ukuwohloka kwemveliso. Ngenxa yoko, nangona iinkqubo ze-double deep racking zinokwenza indawo ibe ngcono, ukubaluleka kokufikeleleka kunye nokuthobela imigangatho yokhuseleko akufuneki kuthathelwe ingqalelo.

Imigangatho yoKhuseleko kunye nokuThotyelwa kweMithetho

Ukusebenza kwindawo yokugcina izinto ezibandayo ezikhenkcezisiweyo kufuna ukuthotyelwa ngokungqongqo kwimigangatho yokhuseleko kunye nemigaqo yokuthobela imithetho. Imigangatho yoshishino, efana naleyo imiselwe yi-Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) kunye ne-American National Standards Institute (ANSI), ibonelela ngeenkqubo zokuqinisekisa ukuba ii-warehouses ezisebenzisa ii-pallet racking ezinzulu kabini zigcina iimeko ezikhuselekileyo kubasebenzi nakwiimveliso.

Ukhuseleko kwindawo yokusebenza kufuneka lubandakanye zombini uyilo olubonakalayo lweenkqubo zokugcina kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza zabasebenzi abajongana nokusingqongileyo. Umzekelo, iinkqubo zokurhangqa kufuneka ziyilwe ngeempawu zokhuseleko ezifana neziqinisi kunye nokurhangqa, okuphucula uzinzo phantsi kobunzima bempahla eqandisiweyo enkulu. Ngaphezu koko, ukuphakama kokurhangqa kufuneka kuhambelane nemigangatho ye-OSHA ukuthintela ukuwa kunye nokwenzakala ngexesha lokuphathwa kwepallet.

Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa kweenkqubo zokurhangqa kubeka imiqathango eqhubekayo. Njengoko kugxininisiwe yi-International Institute of Refrigeration, uvavanyo oluqhubekayo luqinisekisa ukuba ukuguguleka akuchaphazeli ubulungisa besakhiwo senkqubo yokurhangqa, ingakumbi kwiimeko ezinzima zeendawo zokugcina izinto ezibandayo. Abasebenzi kufuneka baqeqeshwe ukuba baqaphele iimpawu zokuwohloka kweendawo zokurhangqa kwaye benze ngokufanelekileyo, baqinisekise ukuba ukhuseleko luhlala lubekwe phambili kwezi ndawo zibalulekileyo.

Ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuphucula ukuhamba komsebenzi

Ngaphandle kwezinto ezicingelwa ngokhuseleko, ukuphucula indlela yokusebenza ngaphakathi kweendawo zokugcina izinto ezibandayo ezineenkqubo zokurhangqa iipalethi ezinzulu kabini kunokukhokelela ekusebenzeni kakuhle. Ukulungelelanisa inkqubo yokuphatha izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kubalulekile; ngeempahla ezikhenkcezisiweyo, ixesha libaluleke kakhulu ukuphucula umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zamandla kulawulo lobushushu.

Ukubekwa ngobuchule kwe-double deep racking kufanele kube lula ukusebenza kakuhle. Umzekelo, ukusebenzisa uyilo olucwangcisiweyo oluvumela imisebenzi yokufumana, yokugcina, kunye nokuthumela izinto kunokunciphisa kakhulu imiqobo. Kuluncedo kumashishini ukuqesha iinkqubo zolawulo lwe-warehouse (i-WMS) ezisebenzisa izisombululo zesoftware ukujonga nokulawula ukuhamba kwezinto ngexesha langempela, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa iingenelo ze-double deep racking.

Ngaphezu koko, ukutyala imali kwizixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezifana neelori zokufikelela kunye nee-pallet jacks ezenzelwe iimeko zokugcina izinto ezininzi kunokunciphisa kakhulu amaxesha okufumana izinto. Abasebenzi banokuhamba ngeendlela ezithe kratya ngokufanelekileyo, benciphisa ixesha elichithwa kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphantsi, nto leyo ephucula imveliso yabasebenzi ngokubanzi.

Lilonke, ukuqonda imigaqo esisiseko yoyilo olusebenzayo kunye nemisebenzi yokugcina ephuculiweyo kubalulekile ekuqiniseni iingenelo zeenkqubo zokurhangqa iipalethi ezinzulu kabini kwiindawo zokugcina ezibandayo.

Iindlela Zekamva Kwiteknoloji Yokugcina Izinto Ezibandayo Nokurhangqa

Njengoko amashishini etshintsha kwaye imfuno yokugcina izinto ezibandayo isanda, singalindela ukuvela kobuchwepheshe obuphambili obuchaza ngokutsha iindlela zemveli zokugcina izinto ezibandayo. Utshintsho kwizixhobo zokukhusela, iinkqubo zokugcina nokubuyisela izinto ngokuzenzekelayo (AS/RS), kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-IoT (Internet of Things) kuyayila imeko-bume yexesha elizayo yezisombululo zokugcina izinto ezibandayo.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-automation kunceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle ngelixa kunciphisa ukuvezwa kwabasebenzi kwiingozi ezinxulumene neendawo ezinobushushu obuphantsi. Itekhnoloji ye-AS/RS, umzekelo, ingasebenza ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka ngaphakathi koqwalaselo oluphindwe kabini lwe-racking kwaye ikhawulezise ulawulo lwempahla, iqinisekisa ukuchaneka okuphuculweyo kunye nokunciphisa iimpazamo zabantu.

Ngaphezu koko, ukuqhubela phambili kwiinkqubo zokubeka esweni ezisebenzisa i-IoT kunokunceda ulawulo lwempahla olusebenzayo, ukubonelela ngedatha yexesha langempela malunga nokuguquguquka kobushushu kunye namanqanaba empahla. Iinkampani zinokusebenzisa uhlalutyo lokuqikelela ukujongana nemingeni enokuchaphazela umgangatho wemveliso, ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo engqongqo yokhuseleko lokutya.

Utshintsho oluya kwiindlela ezizinzileyo lukwachaphazela iindlela zexesha elizayo. Njengoko iingxaki zokusingqongileyo zikhula, iinkampani ziya kufuna ngakumbi iinkqubo zokupholisa ezisebenzisa amandla ombane ezinciphisa imiqondiso yekhabhoni ngelixa zikhulisa amandla okusebenza.

Ekugqibeleni, njengoko iindlela zemveli zongezwa ngobuchwepheshe obuphambili, abachaphazelekayo kwimarike yeempahla ezikhenkcezisiweyo kufuneka bahlale bephaphile kwaye belungelelanisa, besamkela ngokupheleleyo amandla okutshintsha izisombululo zokugcina ezifana neenkqubo zokurhangqa iipallet ezinzulu kabini.

Ukuqukumbela, ukufaneleka kwe-double deep pallet racking yokugcina izinto ezibandayo kuqiniswa ngokusebenza kakuhle, iingenelo zoyilo, kunye nokuthobela imigangatho yokhuseleko. Ngelixa ejongana nemiba ebalulekileyo efana nokusasazwa kobunzima, ukufikeleleka, kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, amashishini anokudibanisa ngokuzithemba esi sisombululo sokugcina kwisicwangciso sawo se-cold chain logistics. Ngokugxininisa kwezi zinto, imibutho ayizukugcina kuphela umgangatho weempahla zayo ezibandayo kodwa ikwaphucula ukusebenza kwayo ngokubanzi kwimarike ekhuphisanayo ngakumbi.