Momwe Mungapangire Makina Osungira Zinthu Zamakampani Ogwira Ntchito Bwino Pazinthu Zazikulu

Dongosolo losungiramo zinthu la mafakitale lokonzedwa bwino limasintha malo akuluakulu kukhala ntchito yothandiza, yotetezeka, komanso yopindulitsa. Kaya mumayang'anira zipangizo zopangira, zinthu zomalizidwa, kapena kuphatikiza zinthu zonse ziwiri, kupanga malo osungiramo zinthu zazikulu kumafuna kusakaniza kosamala, kusankha mwanzeru kwaukadaulo, komanso njira yowonera mtsogolo yaukadaulo ndi chitetezo. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza njira zothandiza komanso zoganizira kuti zikuthandizeni kupanga njira yosungiramo zinthu zamafakitale yomwe imachepetsa ndalama, imakulitsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso imasintha malinga ndi momwe zosowa zanu zikuyendera.

Ngati muli ndi udindo womanga nyumba yatsopano yosungiramo zinthu, kukonzanso malo akale, kapena kungofuna kupeza phindu lalikulu kuchokera pa malo anu okwana masikweya mita, malangizo otsatirawa adzakupatsani malangizo ogwirira ntchito. Yembekezerani kusakaniza kwa malingaliro apamwamba okonzekera ndi njira zinazake zopangira zomwe zimagwira ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Pitirizani kuwerenga kuti mudziwe momwe mungagwirizanitse makina osungiramo zinthu ndi ntchito, sankhani zida zoyenera, komanso malo anu osungiramo zinthu omwe angatetezedwe mtsogolo.

Kuwunika zosowa zosungiramo zinthu ndi kusanthula kwa ntchito

Kupanga njira yosungiramo zinthu yabwino kumayamba ndi kuwunika mosamala zomwe mumasunga komanso momwe zinthu zimayendera m'malo osungiramo zinthu. Gawoli likunena za kumvetsetsa momwe zinthu zimafunira, makhalidwe a mayunitsi, kuchuluka kwa momwe zinthu zimagwiritsidwira ntchito, ndi malo ogwirira ntchito. Yambani mwa kulemba mitundu ya zinthu zomwe zili m'sitolo, miyeso, kulemera, ndi ma phukusi. Ganizirani kusinthasintha kwa nyengo, nthawi yokwera, ndi kusakaniza pakati pa zinthu zomwe zimayenda pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimagulidwa pakati, komanso zomwe zimayenda mwachangu. Kudziwa liwiro la SKU ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagulidwa ndikofunikira chifukwa kumakhudza mwachindunji mtundu wa malo osungira omwe ali oyenera kwambiri pagulu lililonse. Ma SKU othamanga kwambiri amapindula ndi malo osavuta kufika pafupi ndi malo otola, pomwe zinthu zomwe zimayenda pang'onopang'ono zimatha kuyikidwa m'malo osungiramo zinthu ozama kapena olemera kwambiri.

Kenako, jambulani njira zogwirira ntchito. Chithunzi cha kayendedwe ka zinthu kuyambira kulandira mpaka kusunga, kutola, kulongedza, ndi kutumiza chikuwonetsa zopinga ndi mayendedwe osafunikira. Samalani kwambiri magalimoto odutsa njira zosiyanasiyana, mtunda woyenda wa forklift, ndi malo oimikapo magalimoto ofunikira kuti muphatikize. Kusanthula bwino kayendedwe ka ntchito kumazindikira malo ovuta komwe kumabwera anthu ambiri kapena kugwirira ntchito kawiri, ndipo kumawonetsa mwayi wokonzanso malo osungiramo zinthu kuti muchepetse nthawi yoyenda. Ndikofunikanso kuganizira njira zina monga kuwunika khalidwe, kusamalira zobweza, ndi kubwezeretsanso. Ntchito iliyonse mwa izi ili ndi zofunikira pa malo ndi mwayi wolowera zomwe ziyenera kukhudza kapangidwe ka malo osungiramo zinthu.

Njira zosonkhanitsira deta zimayambira pa kuwona ndi maso ndi maphunziro oyenda nthawi mpaka kutsatira zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito makina oyang'anira malo osungiramo katundu ndi RFID. Gwiritsani ntchito deta yakale yogulitsira zinthu kuti muyesere momwe zinthu zimafunira ndikuwonetseratu zosowa zamtsogolo. Gwirizanitsani nyengo ndi nthawi zotsatsira kuti mupewe zodabwitsa panthawi yomwe zinthu zikuyenda bwino. Gwiritsani ntchito antchito akutsogolo ndi ogwiritsa ntchito zida poyesa; malingaliro awo othandiza nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kusagwira ntchito bwino komwe sikuonekera mu data yapamwamba.

Pomaliza, fotokozani zolinga zogwirira ntchito kutengera kuwunika. Khazikitsani zolinga zoyezera nthawi yoyendetsera dongosolo, kuchuluka kwa kudzaza, kulondola kosankha, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malo. Zigolizi zitsogolera kusankha makina oyika zinthu, zida, ndi zigawo zaukadaulo. Kumbukirani kuti kuwunika kwabwino kumakhala kobwerezabwereza; kusintha koyambirira kwa kapangidwe kakachitika, yang'anirani zotsatira ndikuwongolera kusanthula kuti nthawi zonse muwongolere ntchito ndi magwiridwe antchito osungira.

Kusankha njira zoyenera zomangira ndi zosungiramo zinthu

Kusankha malo osungiramo zinthu ndi mashelufu si chisankho chimodzi chokha; kumafuna kufananiza mbiri ya zinthu ndi njira zogwirira ntchito ndi makhalidwe a njira zosiyanasiyana zosungiramo zinthu. Malo osungiramo zinthu nthawi zambiri ndi maziko a malo akuluakulu komwe katundu wolemera amakhala wochuluka. Mkati mwa malo osungiramo zinthu, zosankha zimaphatikizapo malo osungiramo zinthu, omwe amapereka mwayi wolowera mwachindunji ku malo aliwonse osungiramo zinthu ndipo ndi abwino kwambiri ngati kusakaniza kwa SKU kuli kwakukulu ndipo kusintha kuli kocheperako. Kuti mukhale ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu, ganizirani malo osungiramo zinthu zoyendetsera galimoto kapena zoyendetsera galimoto omwe amachepetsa malo olowera poika ma pallet pa njanji zomwe ma forklift amafikira. Malo osungiramo zinthu zoyendetsera galimoto ndi ma pallet amatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zinthu pamene akusunga kuyenda kwa FIFO kapena LIFO kutengera zofunikira.

Pazigawo zazing'ono, mashelufu a zinyalala kapena mashelufu okhazikika amapereka malo osungiramo zinthu okonzedwa bwino komanso osavuta kupeza, omwe amathandizira ntchito zonyamula ndi kulongedza bwino. Mashelufu oyenda ndi mashelufu ang'onoang'ono angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo apadera kuti awonjezere mphamvu popanda kukulitsa malo ogwirira ntchito, ngakhale amafunika kuganizira mosamala za nthawi yolowera ndi kuyanjana kwa ntchito.

Ma racking a cantilever ndi oyenera katundu wautali komanso wovuta monga mapaipi ndi matabwa, zomwe zimapereka mwayi wosavuta komanso chithandizo champhamvu cha zinthu zazitali. Ma mezzanine amatha kuchulukitsa bwino malo ogwiritsidwa ntchito pansi ngati chipinda chamutu chilola, ndipo akaphatikizidwa ndi racking yosankhidwa kapena mashelufu, zimathandiza kusungirako mosiyanasiyana malinga ndi ntchito kapena mtundu wa chinthu. Zotsatira za kapangidwe kake ndi kuwerengera katundu wa ma mezzanine zimafuna ukatswiri waukadaulo komanso kutsatira malamulo am'deralo.

Mukasankha makina, ganizirani makhalidwe a katundu kuphatikizapo katundu wosasinthasintha komanso wosinthasintha, malo osungira katundu, ndi malire a kuyika zinthu. Yesani kuwona momwe ma racks amagwirizanirana ndi zida zanu zogwirira ntchito—kutalika kwa racks ndi m'lifupi mwa njira ziyenera kugwirizana ndi kufikira ndi kusinthasintha kwa ma forklift, ma pallet jacks, ndi zida zina. Ganizirani za modularness ndi reconfigurability; mabizinesi amasintha, choncho sankhani makina omwe angasinthe popanda kusintha ndalama zambiri. Ganizirani zowonjezera zachitetezo monga ma column guards, beam end clips, ndi ukonde kuti muteteze katundu ndi antchito.

Kukhazikika ndi kusamalira ndizofunikira pakulamulira ndalama kwa nthawi yayitali. Yang'anani zomalizidwa ndi ufa, zinthu zosagwira dzimbiri komwe chinyezi ndi chinthu chofunikira, ndi zinthu zina kuchokera kwa opanga odziwika bwino omwe ali ndi zida zina. Pomaliza, fufuzani kusanthula mtengo ndi phindu komwe kumaphatikizapo kukhazikitsa, kukonza, nthawi yomwe ikuyembekezeka, komanso phindu lomwe lingabwere chifukwa cha kupeza bwino komanso kuchulukana kwa zinthu. Kusakaniza kosankhidwa mosamala kwa racking ndi shelving komwe kumagwirizana ndi mbiri yanu ya malonda ndi njira zoyendetsera zinthu kudzapereka magwiridwe antchito abwino komanso maziko a kukula kowonjezereka.

Kukonza kapangidwe kake ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malo

Kukonza bwino kapangidwe ka malo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malo kumaphatikiza zaluso ndi sayansi. Cholinga chake ndikukulitsa mphamvu yosungiramo zinthu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito komanso kuchepetsa nthawi yoyenda komanso kuchulukana kwa anthu. Yambani ndi njira yogawa malo yomwe imagwira ntchito mwanzeru: kulandira, kuwongolera khalidwe, kusunga zinthu zambiri, kutola, kulongedza, kudutsa doko, ndi kutumiza. Ikani madera otola zinthu pafupipafupi kwambiri pafupi ndi kulongedza ndi kutumiza kuti muchepetse kuyenda kwa otola ndikufulumizitsa kufalikira kwa zinthu. Malo osungiramo zinthu zambiri kapena zosungidwa akhoza kukhala mkati mwa malowo. Gwiritsani ntchito mfundo zoyendetsera kayendedwe ka zinthu kuti muwonetsetse kuti ntchito zolowera ndi zotuluka zalekanitsidwa kapena kugwirizanitsidwa kuti mupewe kusokonezedwa; komwe malo olumikizirana amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, pangani njira zolunjika zomwe zimadutsa malo osungiramo zinthu kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kusankha m'lifupi mwa malo oimikapo magalimoto kumakhudza kwambiri mphamvu ndi magwiridwe antchito. Malo ocheperako amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa malo osungiramo katundu koma amafuna zida zapadera ndipo zitha kulepheretsa kuyenda bwino. Ganizirani za malo ocheperako kapena malo ocheperako kwambiri (VNA) ngati kuchuluka kwa SKU kukufunika ndalama zogulira magalimoto a turret kapena zida zapadera zofikira. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, malo okulirapo amawongolera chitetezo ndi mphamvu zamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito magalimoto amakono a forklift. Konzani malo odutsa ndi malo ozungulira pafupi ndi malo ochitira zinthu zambiri kuti mupewe mavuto. Kuyika malo oimikapo magalimoto ndi malo onyamulira katundu kuyenera kuchepetsa kugwirira ntchito kawiri—malo ogwirizanitsa malo kuti agwirizane ndi ma profiles a dongosolo.

Malo oyima nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira m'malo akuluakulu. Yesani kutalika kwa denga ndikukonza kutalika kwa ma rack moyenerera, kuonetsetsa kuti malamulo oyaka moto akutsatira malamulo ndi kuphimba kwa sprinkler. Ma mezzanine ndi ma racking amitundu yambiri amatha kuwonjezera mphamvu koma amayambitsa zinthu zina zogwirira ntchito komanso kuganizira za ntchito. Mukamapanga mayankho oyima, ganizirani momwe katundu adzapezeke ndikuwonjezeredwa komanso ngati njira zopezera zinthu zokha ndizotheka.

Phatikizani malo oimikapo magalimoto ndi malo osungiramo zinthu m'makonzedwe a mafunde olowera ndi otuluka. Malo osungiramo zinthu kwakanthawi awa amaletsa kusokonezeka kwa kayendedwe ka madzi ndikuthandizira kukhazikika kwa dongosolo popanda kutseka njira. Kuunikira, zizindikiro, ndi zizindikiro zomveka bwino pansi zimathandiza kuyenda ndi chitetezo, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ntchito iyende bwino. Ganizirani za kusinthasintha kwamtsogolo: pangani mapangidwe a modular omwe angakonzedwenso ngati kusintha kwa zinthu kapena ngati kukula kwa bizinesi. Kumanga malo apadera kuti azitha kudzipangira okha kapena kukulitsa zinthu mtsogolo kumapewa kukonzanso zinthu zokwera mtengo pambuyo pake.

Kugwiritsa ntchito malo kuyeneranso kuphatikizapo madera owongolera zachilengedwe. Zipangizo zovutikira zingafunike kuwongolera kutentha, kuwongolera chinyezi, kapena kukhala m'chipinda choyera. Patulani madera awa pafupi ndi ntchito zomwe amathandizira ndikukonzekera mwayi wosiyana kuti musunge umphumphu. Pomaliza, tsimikizirani kapangidwe kamene kakuperekedwa ndi zida zoyeserera kapena njira zoyeserera zazing'ono kuti muyese nthawi yoyendera, mphamvu, ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zikuyembekezeka. Kuyesa kobwerezabwereza ndi kusintha kutengera deta yeniyeni yogwirira ntchito kudzapereka mgwirizano wabwino pakati pa kuchulukana ndi magwiridwe antchito.

Zipangizo zogwirira ntchito ndi kuphatikiza zokha

Msana wa makina osungiramo zinthu abwino ndi zida zoyenera zogwirira ntchito komanso kuphatikiza bwino makina odziyimira pawokha. Kusankha kumeneku kumayambira pa ma forklift achikhalidwe, ma pallet jacks, ndi ma conveyor mpaka makina odziyimira pawokha monga makina osungira ndi kubweza zinthu okha, magalimoto oyendetsedwa okha, ndi makina otola zinthu a robotic. Kusankha zida kuyenera kugwirizana ndi mbiri ya zinthu zomwe zili m'sitolo, zosowa zogwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi zolinga zogwirira ntchito. Pa ntchito zambiri komanso zobwerezabwereza, makina odziyimira pawokha amatha kuchepetsa kwambiri ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndikuwonjezera kulondola. Pa malo osakanikirana a SKU okhala ndi kusiyana kwa kukula ndi kulemera, mayankho odziyimira pawokha omwe amawonjezera ntchito ya anthu nthawi zambiri amapereka kusinthasintha kwabwino.

Yambani pofotokoza zolinga zogwiritsira ntchito ndi ma profiles a ntchito. Ndi ntchito ziti zomwe zimadya ntchito zambiri? Kodi zolakwika zimachitika kuti? Kodi nthawi yopuma kapena kuchulukana kwa zinthu nthawi zambiri kumakhala kuti? Kuyankha mafunso awa kumathandiza kuika patsogolo ntchito yodzipangira yokha komwe kumabweretsa phindu lalikulu. Mwachitsanzo, ma conveyor ndi makina osonkhanitsira zinthu amachita bwino kwambiri m'malo onyamula katundu mwachangu komanso m'malo olumikizirana zinthu koma sagwira ntchito bwino m'malo otola zinthu ochepa komanso osinthasintha kwambiri. Makina osungira ndi kubweza zinthu okha (AS/RS) amapereka kuchulukana kwabwino komanso liwiro labwino kwambiri posungira zinthu za pallet kapena tote koma amafunika ndalama zambiri komanso kuphatikiza mapangidwe.

Ganizirani njira zosakanikirana zomwe zimaphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito makina ndi kuganiza kwa anthu. Machitidwe oyika zinthu pa kuwala ndi oyika zinthu pa kuwala amawongolera kulondola kwa kusankha popanda kuchotsa kwathunthu kusinthasintha kwa anthu. Machitidwe oika zinthu pa munthu amachepetsa kuyenda kwa otola ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa magalimoto omwe amalowa m'malo ogwirira ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwa magalimoto oyenda okha. Magalimoto oyendetsedwa okha amapereka kusinthasintha komanso zomangamanga zochepa poyerekeza ndi magalimoto okhazikika koma amafunika njira zolimba zoyendetsera magalimoto ndi zoyendera.

Kuphatikiza sikuti kumangofunika kukhazikitsa kokha komanso mapulogalamu ndi njira zogwirira ntchito. Machitidwe oyang'anira nyumba zosungiramo katundu, kasamalidwe ka maoda, ndi machitidwe a ERP ayenera kugwirizanitsidwa bwino kuti zitsimikizire kuti zinthu zili bwino komanso kuti ntchito ziyende bwino. Gwiritsani ntchito ma dashboard owunikira nthawi yeniyeni komanso magwiridwe antchito kuti muwone momwe zida zimagwiritsidwira ntchito, momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito, komanso nthawi yomwe sizikugwira ntchito. Konzani zokonza ndi zinthu zina zosungiramo zinthu za makina, ndikukhazikitsa njira zomveka bwino zogwirira ntchito zodziyimira pawokha komanso zamanja.

Zinthu za anthu zimakhalabe zofunika kwambiri; makina odzipangira okha ayenera kuwonjezera luso la ogwira ntchito m'malo mongowasintha. Perekani zida zowongolera ntchito zamanja ndi mawonekedwe omveka bwino kuti anthu azigwirizana. Phunzitsani ogwira ntchito kuti agwiritse ntchito, kuthetsa mavuto, ndikusamalira zida. Pomaliza, fufuzani momwe zinthu zingakulitsidwire komanso njira zosinthira mayankho odzipangira okha. Sankhani machitidwe odzipangira okha omwe angakulitsidwe kapena kukonzedwanso pamene zosowa za bizinesi zikusintha, ndikuganizira mtengo wonse wa umwini—kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, kukonza, ndi chilolezo cha mapulogalamu—mu zisankho zogulira ndalama.

Chitetezo, kukonza, ndi kukula kwake

Chitetezo, kukonza, ndi kukula kwake ndi mizati yogwirizana ya dongosolo losungiramo zinthu lolimba. Chitetezo sichingakambirane: kapangidwe kamene kamawonjezera kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zingawononge chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito pamapeto pake kadzawononga ndalama zambiri panthawi yopuma, malipiro a ogwira ntchito, ndi mbiri yawo. Ikani chitetezo kudzera mu kapangidwe kake poonetsetsa kuti pali malo okwanira, mizere yowonekera bwino, ndi zida zotetezera monga zoteteza m'mizere, chitetezo cha ma racks, ndi ukonde wa pallet. Kuunikira ndi zizindikiro zimathandiza kudziwitsa anthu za malo, ndipo mapulani oyendetsera magalimoto okakamizika amachepetsa kugundana. Chitetezo cha moto ndi chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga malo osungiramo zinthu; gwirizanitsani kutalika kwa ma racks ndi njira zosungiramo zinthu ndi chophimba cha sprinkler ndi ma code amoto kuti mupewe ngozi zoopsa.

Njira yokonza imakhudza mwachindunji nthawi yogwira ntchito ya makina komanso moyo wautali. Pangani pulogalamu yokonza yopewera yomwe imaphatikizapo ma racks, ma conveyors, ma forklift, makina odziyimira pawokha, ndi zomangamanga za nyumba. Kuyang'ana pafupipafupi ma racks kuti muwone ngati awonongeka, kulimba kwa bolt, ndi kulumikizana kumaletsa kulephera komwe kungawononge zinthu ndi chitetezo. Pazida zodziyimira pawokha, tsatirani nthawi zomwe wopanga amalangiza kuti muwonjezere mafuta, kuwerengera, ndi zosintha za mapulogalamu. Sungani zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti muchepetse nthawi yokonza. Kuphatikiza zida zowunikira momwe zinthu zilili komanso zida zokonzeratu kungathandize kusintha kukonza kuchoka pa reactive kupita ku proactive, kuchepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito yosakonzekera.

Kuchuluka kwa kukula kuyenera kuganiziridwa kuyambira pachiyambi. Malo ogwirira ntchito amakula ndikusintha, choncho sankhani zipangizo, mapangidwe, ndi machitidwe omwe amathandizira kukulitsa modular. Makina omangira omwe angathe kukonzedwa, ma mezzanine okhala ndi zinthu zowonjezera mphamvu yonyamula katundu, ndi mipata yomwe ingagwirizane ndi kusintha kwa zida ndizofunikira kuti zikhale zosavuta mtsogolo. Konzani zogwiritsira ntchito ndikuwongolera zomangamanga zomwe zingathe kunyamula katundu wowonjezera kapena zida zina, ndikusunga malo osungiramo zinthu zamtsogolo kapena malo ogwirira ntchito.

Utsogoleri ndi zolemba zimathandiza chitetezo ndi kusamalidwa bwino. Sungani zolemba zatsopano zowunikira, kukonza, ndi kuwerengera katundu. Gwiritsani ntchito njira zomveka bwino zogwirira ntchito posamalira zinthu, kuyankha mwadzidzidzi, komanso kupereka malipoti a ngozi. Mapulogalamu ophunzitsira ayenera kukhala opitilira ndipo ayenera kuphatikizapo kuyambiranso koyamba komanso nthawi ndi nthawi. Phatikizani antchito mu ndemanga zachitetezo ndikulimbikitsa malipoti a zomwe zatsala pang'ono kuphonya kuti mulimbikitse chikhalidwe chosintha nthawi zonse.

Pomaliza, kuganizira za kukhazikika kwa zinthu ndikofunikira kwambiri. Kuunikira kogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu moyenera, HVAC yabwino m'malo okhala ndi zinthu zokhazikika, ndi njira zochepetsera mayendedwe osafunikira sikuti kumangochepetsa ndalama zokha komanso kumathandizira zolinga zamakampani zokhazikika. Zikaphatikizidwa—njira zodzitetezera zolimba, kukonza mwanzeru, komanso malingaliro okulira—dongosolo lanu losungiramo zinthu lidzapereka magwiridwe antchito odalirika komanso kuthekera kosintha malinga ndi zosowa za bizinesi yanu mtsogolo.

Mwachidule, kupanga njira zosungiramo zinthu zamafakitale zogwirira ntchito zazikulu kumafuna kusanthula mwadongosolo, kusankha zida, kukonzekera kapangidwe kake, komanso kuyang'anira chitetezo ndi kukula kwamtsogolo. Yambani ndi kumvetsetsa bwino za zinthu zomwe zili m'sitolo ndi momwe ntchito ikuyendera, kenako sankhani njira zosungiramo zinthu ndi zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowazo pamene zikuthandiza kusinthasintha. Konzani kapangidwe kake kuti kagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo komanso momwe ntchito ikuyendera, ndikulumikiza zida zogwirira ntchito ndi zodzichitira zokha komwe kumapereka phindu lalikulu. Pomaliza, phatikizani njira zonse zotetezera ndi kukonza ndikukonzekera kukula kuti muwonetsetse kuti ntchitoyo ikuyenda bwino pakapita nthawi.

Mwa kutsatira mfundo izi, oyang'anira malo ndi opanga mapulani amatha kupanga njira zosungiramo zinthu zomwe zimachepetsa ndalama, kukonza magwiridwe antchito, komanso kuthandizira njira zosinthira bizinesi. Kuyang'anira kosalekeza ndi kusintha mobwerezabwereza kudzasunga machitidwewo mogwirizana ndi zenizeni za ntchito, kuonetsetsa kuti magwiridwe antchito ndi kulimba mtima kwa nthawi yayitali.