Ngā Kaiwhakarato Whatanga Whare Putunga: Te Tāutu i ngā Kaiārahi Ahumahi

Ka taea e te kimi i te kaiwhakarato whatanga whare putunga tika te pā nui ki te whai huatanga, te haumaru, me te whānui o ō mahi rokiroki. Ahakoa kei te whakapai ake koe i tētahi whare o nāianei, kei te hanga whare putunga hou rānei, he mea nui te whiriwhiri i ngā kaiārahi ahumahi e tuku ana i ngā otinga whatanga auaha, pono, me te taea te whakarite. Nā te maha o ngā kōwhiringa e wātea ana, he mahi uaua te wehewehe i ngā kaiwhakarato pai rawa atu. Ko te whāinga o tēnei tuhinga he ārahi i a koe mā te tautuhi i ngā kaiwhakarato whatanga whare putunga matua mā te arotahi ki ngā mea nui pēnei i te kounga hua, te ratonga kiritaki, te auahatanga hangarau, me te ingoa o te ahumahi. Pānui tonu kia kitea ai me pēhea te whakatau whai whakaaro hei whakanui ake i tō hua whakahaere me te whakanui ake i te whakamahinga o te wāhi.

I roto i te taiao tere o te whakahaere me te tohatoha taonga, kāore he kōwhiringa te haumi ki ngā pūnaha whatanga pai rawa atu—he mea nui rautaki. E whakamārama ana tēnei aratohu i ngā kaitākaro matua o te umanga whatanga whare putunga, me te whakanui i te hunga e whakatakoto tonu ana i ngā paearu mō te hiranga. Ahakoa kei te whakahaere koe i tētahi whare rokiroki iti, i tētahi pokapū tohatoha miriona-putu tapawha rānei, mā te mārama ko wai ngā kaiwhakarato pono ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakahaere i tō tukanga hoko me te whakarei ake i te mahi whānui o tō whare.

Te Mārama ki ngā Momo Rerekē o ngā Pūnaha Whakatakotoranga Whare Putunga

Ko te taahiraa tuatahi ki te tautuhi i ngā kaiwhakarato whatanga whare putunga pono ko te mārama ki ngā momo pūnaha whatanga e tukuna ana e rātou, me te pehea e hono ai ēnei otinga ki ō hiahia whakahaere. He maha ngā momo whatanga whare putunga—ia mea kua hangaia mō ngā whakaritenga rokiroki motuhake me ngā hiahia whakahaere rauemi. Ko ngā pūnaha noa ko ngā whatanga papa whiriwhiri, ngā whatanga taraiwa-ki-roto, ngā whatanga pana-whakamuri, ngā whatanga cantilever, me ngā otinga aunoa pēnei i te AS/RS (Ngā Pūnaha Rokiroki me te Whakahoki Aunoa).

Ko te whatanga papa whiriwhiri te mea tino maha ngā whakamahinga, ā, he whānui te whakamahinga. He ngāwari te uru atu ki ia papa, he mea pai mō ngā whare putunga e mahi ana me ngā taonga kanorau me te hurihanga taonga auau. Ko ngā whatanga taraiwa-roto, i tetahi atu ringa, he pai mō te rokiroki kiato nui, e pupuri ana i ngā rahinga nui o ngā hua rite engari e whakawhāiti ana i te urunga wawe ki ngā papa takitahi. Mā ngā whatanga pana-muri ka taea te whakauru i ngā papa maha mō ia wāhi engari ka taea te uru tere atu ki te papa tuatahi i rongoatia, ka pai ake te wā hurihanga.

Ko ētahi kaiwhakarato he tohunga ki ngā otinga ritenga e urutau ana ki ngā tahora ahurei, ki ngā momo hua rānei, pērā i ngā taonga nunui rawa, āhua rerekē rānei e rongoatia ana i runga i ngā whata cantilever. Ko ētahi e whakauru ana i ngā kōwhiringa hangarau pēnei i te whata aunoa, e whakamahi ana i ngā karetao me ngā kaikawe mō te tiki hua tere me te whai hua.

I te aromatawai i ngā kaiwhakarato, he mea nui kia aromatawaihia ā rātou momo hua, me te mea ka taea e rātou te whakarato i ngā pūnaha ngāwari e tipu tahi ana me tō pakihi. Ko te rārangi hua whānui me te kaha ki te whakarite i ngā hoahoa ki te tahora o tō whare putunga e tohu ana i te tohungatanga me te kaha o te kaiwhakarato. Heoi anō, ko ō rātou mōhiotanga ki ngā paerewa ahumahi me ngā waehere haumaru i roto i te hoahoa whatanga ka taea te whakaiti i ngā mōrearea me te whakarite kia roa te ora o tō haumitanga.

Te Aromatawai i ngā Paerewa Kounga me te Haumaru o te Hua

Ka tautokohia e ngā pūnaha whatanga whare putunga ngā kawenga taumaha, ā, ka manawanui hoki ki ngā mahi auau, nō reira he mea nui te kounga o ngā rauemi me te piri ki ngā paerewa haumaru. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaiwhakarato pai rawa atu te maitai kounga teitei me te maimoatanga tika hei ārai i te waikura, te whakarerekētanga, me te kakahu mō ngā wā roa. Ka whakaratohia e ngā kaiwhakarato pono ngā tiwhikete e whakaatu ana i te tutuki i ngā ture haumaru ā-motu me te ao whānui pēnei i ngā aratohu OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) me ngā paerewa FEM (Federation Europeénne de la Manutention) a te Pākehā.

Ko ngā tukanga whakapūmau kounga ko te whakamātautau pakari i ngā kaha kawenga, te pakari i raro i ngā āhuatanga taiao rerekē, me te pono o te hanganga. He maha ngā kaiwhakarato matua e whakahaere ana i ngā tirotiro a te hunga tuatoru, e tuku ana hoki i ngā pūtāhui e kapi ana i ngā hapa hanga me te mahi. Mā tēnei ka marino te hinengaro, inā koa ka tautokohia e ngā whata whare putunga ngā taonga taumaha, nui hoki ka tūpono he mōrearea haumaru mēnā ka pakaru ngā whata.

Ka whakatairangahia hoki e te kaiwhakarato rongonui ngā āhuatanga hoahoa e whakarei ake ana i te haumaru o ngā kaimahi, pērā i ngā taha porowhita, te mokowā tika hei ārai i ngā tukinga tūpono, me ngā kōwhiringa mō ngā taputapu haumaru pērā i te kupenga, i ngā reera tiaki rānei. Hei tāpiri, me whakarato e rātou he tohutohu tāutanga me te tautoko mārama—ko te tāutanga hē tetahi o ngā tino take o te pakaru o te whata.

I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i tētahi kaiārahi ahumahi, pātai atu mō tā rātou tukanga hanga, ngā rauemi i ahu mai, me te hītori o ngā aituā e pā ana ki te haumaru. Ko ngā kamupene he mārama ngā mana whakahaere kounga me ngā tuhinga haumaru pakari, ka tuku hua e whakarato ana i te uara me te tiakitanga mō te wā roa mō ngā kaimahi whare putunga.

Te Tūranga o te Auahatanga Hangarau i roto i te Whakatakotoranga Whare Putunga

Kei te hurihia e te hangarau ngā otinga rokiroki, ā, kei te whakamahi ngā kaiwhakarato whatanga whare putunga taumata teitei i ngā auahatanga hei whakapai ake i te whai huatanga me te urutau. Mai i ngā rauemi matatau e whakaiti ana i te taumaha me te kore e whakararu i te kaha ki ngā pūoko whakauru me te aunoatanga, ka hurihia e te hangarau te āhua o te mahi a ngā whare putunga hou.

Ko tētahi whanaketanga nui ko te whakaurunga o ngā pūnaha whatanga atamai kua whakauruhia ki te hangarau Ipurangi o ngā Mea (IoT). Kei roto i ēnei pūnaha ngā pūoko taumaha me ngā kaipānui RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) e aroturuki ana i ngā taumata taonga i te wā tūturu, e whakahaere ana i te tatau aunoa i ngā taonga, me te whakaiti i ngā hapa tangata. Mō ngā whare putunga e mahi ana me ngā mano tini o ngā SKU, ka taea e ēnei pūnaha te whakanui ake i te tika o ngā taonga me te whakaiti i ngā utu mahi.

Heoi anō, kei te piki haere te rongonui o ngā otinga whatanga e āwhinahia ana e te karetao. Ka whakakotahihia e ngā Pūnaha Rokiroki me te Whakahoki Aunoa (AS/RS) ngā whatanga matatau me ngā waka karetao, ngā kerene rānei, hei whakanui ake i te whakamahinga o te wāhi poutū me te tere ake o te whakaputanga o ngā taonga i roto i te whare putunga. Ko ngā kaiwhakarato e hoahoa ana, e mahi tahi ana rānei me ngā kaiwhakarato hangarau ki te tuku i ēnei otinga, e mōhiotia ana ko rātou ngā kaiārahi ahumahi nā te mea e awhi ana rātou i ngā huarahi whakaaro whakamua e hangai ana ki ngā paerewa Ahumahi 4.0.

Ko te whakaurunga pūmanawa tētahi atu āhuatanga hangarau nui. He maha ngā kaiwhakarato matua e whakarato ana i ngā taputapu e hototahi ana ki ngā Pūnaha Whakahaere Whare Putunga (WMS) e tuku ana rānei i ngā ratonga kōrero hei āwhina i te whakauru i ngā whatanga ki ngā pūnaha kawe taonga whānui. Mā tēnei mahi tahi ka taea e ngā pakihi te whakapai ake i te wāhi, te whakaiti i ngā wā tiki, me te whakanui ake i ngā mahi kia whai hua.

Mā te tautuhi i ngā kaiwhakarato e matatau ana ki ngā au hangarau—ehara i te mea ko ngā taputapu anake engari ko te hototahitanga pūmanawa me te aunoatanga hoki—ka taea te whakarato i tētahi painga rautaki ki tō whare putunga i roto i te whenua mekameka tuku tino whakataetae.

Ratonga Kaihoko me te Tautoko Whai muri i te Hokonga

E mōhio ana ngā kaiwhakarato whatanga whare putunga pai rawa atu he wāhanga noa iho o te mahi te hoko hua. Mā te ratonga kiritaki tino pai me te tautoko whānui i muri i te hoko ka wehea ngā kaiārahi ahumahi mai i ngā kaiwhakarato noa.

Ka whakaratohia e ngā kaiwhakarato pai ngā kōrero whaiaro kia mārama ai koe ki ō hiahia, ā, ka tūtohu hoki i ngā otinga whatanga tino pai, me te whakaaro ki te tahua, ki ngā herenga wāhi, me ngā momo taonga. Mā tēnei huarahi kōrero ka poipoi i te whakawhirinaki, ā, ka whakarite kia whiwhi ngā kiritaki i ngā pūnaha whai hua, whai hua hoki.

Haunga te kōrero tahi, ka tukuna e ngā kaiwhakarato matua ngā ratonga tāutanga ngaio, ka whakarite rānei kia hono ā rātou whatunga i ngā kiritaki ki ngā kaiwhakauru whaimana. He mea nui te huihuinga tika nā te mea ka taea e te tāutanga ngoikore te arahi ki te kore pumau o te whata me ngā tūponotanga haumaru.

Kei roto i te tautoko whai muri i te hoko ko te aratohu tiaki auau, ngā ratonga tirotiro hei tautuhi i te pakaru, te pakaru rānei, me te whakarato tere i ngā wāhanga whakakapinga ina hiahiatia. Ka whakaratohia hoki e ētahi kaiwhakarato he kaupapa whakangungu mō ngā kaimahi whare putunga mō ngā tikanga haumaru whatanga me ngā mahi pai.

Mā ngā tikanga urupare a te kiritaki pērā i ngā rangahau mō te makona, te whakatau tere i ngā amuamu, me ngā hongere whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tonu, ka kitea te whakapau kaha a te kaiwhakarato ki te angitu o te kiritaki. Ka pupuri tonu ngā kaiārahi ahumahi i ngā whanaungatanga kaha ki ngā kiritaki kia pai ai te mahi a ā rātou pūnaha i te whanaketanga o ngā hiahia whakahaere.

I te wā e tirotirohia ana ngā kaiwhakarato, tonoa ngā rangahau take, ngā whakaaturanga rānei a te kiritaki e whakaatu ana i te kounga o te ratonga. Ko te ingoa o te kaiwhakarato mō tana urupare tere, tōna pono, me tana tiaki i muri i te ratonga he tohu kaha mō tētahi hononga pumau.

Te Tātari i te Rongonui o te Ahumahi me te Aroaro o te Mākete

Ko te rongonui i roto i te umanga whare putunga me te kawe taonga e whakaata ana i ngā tau o te mahi pumau, te auahatanga, me te makona o te kiritaki. Ehara i te mea ko te nui o ngā hoko anake te mea nui, engari ko te awe hoki ki ngā paerewa ahumahi, te whai wāhi atu ki ngā whakahaere hokohoko, me te ārahi whakaaro.

Ko ngā kaiwhakarato matua he maha ngā wheako kua whakamātauhia mō te tuku kaupapa mō ngā momo kiritaki, mai i ngā pakihi iti ki ngā kamupene o te ao whānui. Kei roto i ā rātou mahi he maha ngā whakaurunga ki ngā taiao rerekē pēnei i te rokiroki makariri, ngā whare putunga motuka, ngā pokapū tohatoha hokohoko rānei. Ko te whānuitanga o te wheako he tohu mō te urutau me te tohungatanga.

Mā te whai wāhi kaha ki ngā tiwhikete, ki ngā whakahaere paerewa haumaru, me ngā kaupapa rangahau ka hiki ake i ngā kaiwhakarato ki runga ake i te whakataetae. Ko ngā tohu ahumahi, ngā kōrero pai a ngā pāpāho, me ngā pepa mā, ngā huihuinga tukutuku rānei mō ngā au o te rokiroki, e whakaatu ana i te whakaaro ārahi me te whakapau kaha ki te whakatairanga i te mara.

Ahakoa he auaha ngā hua e tukuna ana e ngā kaitākaro hou, kei ngā kaiārahi kua roa te ora, te pono, me te hanganga tautoko pakari hoki. Ka whakaratohia hoki e ngā arotake i runga i ngā tūāpapa me ngā huihuinga tuatoru he māramatanga mō te pono o ngā kaiwhakarato mai i te hunga whai wheako tuatahi.

I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i ngā kaiwhakarato, rangahauhia ō rātou hītori, ō rātou hononga, me te turanga kiritaki. Ko ngā kaiwhakarato he kaha te tapuwae o te ahumahi me te kitea pai, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ki te tuku hua me ngā ratonga pono e tutuki ai ngā hiahia e whanake haere ana.

Hei whakarāpopototanga, ko te whiriwhiri i ngā kaiwhakarato whatanga whare putunga me whai whakaaro nui ki ngā āhuatanga maha e hono tahi ana. Ko te mārama ki te momo pūnaha whatanga me te whakarite kia rite ki ō hiahia whakahaere te mea nui. Mā te whakaū i te kounga o te hua mā roto i ngā tiwhikete haumaru me ngā paerewa rauemi ka tiakina tō hunga mahi me te haumitanga whakapaipai. Mā te whakatairanga i ngā kaiwhakarato e awhi ana i te auahatanga hangarau ka taea te whakarite i ō mahi rokiroki ā muri ake nei, ā, ko te ratonga kiritaki pai me te tautoko muri i te hoko ka whakarite kia maeneene te whakatinanatanga me te mahi tonu o te pūnaha. Hei whakamutunga, mā te aromatawai i te ingoa o te umanga me te aroaro o te mākete o te kaiwhakarato ka whakawhirinaki ki tō rātou pono me tō rātou tohungatanga.

Mā te whakamahi i ēnei paearu me te whakaaro nui, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere whare putunga me ngā tīma hokohoko te tautuhi i ngā kaiārahi ahumahi e kawe mai ana i te uara, te whai huatanga, me te haumaru ki ā rātou whare. Mā tēnei huarahi rautaki ka whakamanahia ngā pakihi ki te hanga whare putunga e arotau ana i te wāhi, e whakahaere ana i ngā rerengamahi, e urutau ana ki te tipu ā-muri, ā, i te mutunga ka angitu i roto i te taiao mekameka tuku tono o ēnei rā.