Ngā Painga o te Whakatakotoranga Whāngai-Gravity mō te Whakahaere Taonga FIFO

E ai ki tētahi pūrongo a te Warehousing Education and Research Council (WERC), tata ki te 87% o ngā whare putunga i te US e whakamahi ana i ngā pūnaha whakahaere rawa "First-In, First-Out" (FIFO). E whakaatu ana tēnei whānuitia i te hiahia nui mō ngā otinga whatanga whai hua hei whakarei ake i te whai huatanga o te mahi. I te mea kei te rapu haere ngā ahumahi i ngā huarahi hei whakapai ake i ā rātou tukanga mekameka tuku, kua tino rongonui te whakatinanatanga o ngā pūnaha whatanga whāngai-papatipu.

Mā te whatanga whāngai-kaha, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te whatanga rere, ka taea e ngā hua te neke maeneene ki mua o te whata, mā te whakamahi i te kaha ā-kaha hei rauemi taiao. I roto i tēnei tauira, ka uru atu ki ngā taonga tawhito i mua i ngā tukunga hou, kia kore ai e piri noa ngā kamupene ki ngā mātāpono FIFO engari ka whakaitihia hoki te mōrearea o te paunga, te tawhito rānei, inā koa i roto i ngā ahumahi pēnei i te kai, te rongoā, me ngā taonga kaihoko.

Te Mārama ki te FIFO i roto i te Whakahaere Taonga

Ko te FIFO, arā, ko te First-In, First-Out, he rautaki whakahaere taonga taketake e whakatairanga ana i te hoko, te whakamahi rānei i ngā taonga tawhito i mua i te taenga mai o ngā taonga hou. Ko te pūtake o te FIFO kei roto i tōna māmā noa iho; e whakaata ana i ngā tauira hoko tūturu e tika ana kia whakamahia ngā taonga i te raupapa i riro mai ai. Mā tēnei tikanga ka mau te painga whakataetae mō ngā pakihi mā te whakaiti i te moumou me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te pupuri i ngā taonga tawhito.

Ko ngā painga o te FIFO kei tua atu i te hurihanga noa o ngā taonga. He nui hoki ngā pānga pūtea. Mā te whakahaere kaha i ngā taonga hei whakaiti i te wā pupuri, ka taea e ngā whakahaere te whakapai ake i te rere o te moni me te wātea i ngā wāhi rokiroki whai hua. Hei tāpiri, ka whakatairangahia e tēnei huarahi te māramatanga me te whai i ngā taonga, he mea nui ēnei i roto i ngā ahumahi e pā ana ki ngā taonga pirau, ngā taonga ture rānei. He tino kitea te hiahia mō te whai tika i roto i te rāngai kai, i te wā ka arahi pea ngā taonga ki ngā tūponotanga hauora, ki ngā pānga ture rānei mēnā ka whakahaeretia hētia.

Engari kei te toe tonu te pātai: me pēhea te whakapai ake i ngā pūnaha whatanga hei whakahaere i tēnei tikanga whakahaere taonga kua roa nei e whakamahia ana? Kei konei te putanga mai o ngā pūnaha whatanga whāngai-papa e kore e uru noa ki te FIFO engari e whakarei ake ana hoki i te whai huatanga o te mahi puta noa i te whare putunga.

Ngā Tikanga o te Whakatakotoranga Whāngai-Taumaha

Ka whakamahia e ngā pūnaha whatanga whāngai-ā-papatipu te kaha ā-papatipu hei whakahaere i te nekehanga maeneene o ngā taonga. Ko te tikanga, he whata piki ēnei pūnaha, he ara roera, he wira rānei, e āhei ai ngā hua ki te neke mai i muri ki mua o te whatanga. Ko ngā mātāpono e whakahaere ana i te whatanga whāngai-ā-papatipu e hangai pai ana ki ngā mahi FIFO, arā, ko ngā taonga tawhito ka uru tuatahitia i te wā e utaina ana ngā taonga hou ki muri.

Ko tētahi o ngā painga matua o te miihini ko te whakaiti i ngā utu mahi. Mā te whatanga e whāngaihia ana e te kaha ā-papa, ka taea e ngā kaimahi te tiki taonga me te kore e piko rawa, e toro atu, e nekeneke rānei i ngā kawenga taumaha. Ehara i te mea ka whakatairanga noa tēnei painga ergonomic i te makona o ngā kaimahi engari ka whakaiti hoki i te tūponotanga o ngā whara i te wāhi mahi, ka iti ake ngā aituā me ngā utu inihua.

Heoi anō, mā te hoahoa o ngā pūnaha whāngai-papa ka taea te rokiroki kiato teitei. He tino whai hua te kaha ki te penapena i ngā taonga maha atu i roto i tētahi wāhi kiato i ngā wāhi he iti te wāhi. Nā te mea ka taea e ēnei pūnaha te whakanui ake i ngā kaha rokiroki poutū, ka taea e ngā whare putunga te whakamahi i ō rātou mita tapawha me te whakaaro nui ake. He mea nui tēnei urutau i te mea ka whakawhānui ake ngā kamupene i ā rātou tuku hua, ka pāngia rānei e ngā piki me ngā heke o te tono.

He maha ngā whakamahinga o ngā whata whāngai-kaha ā-papa, ā, he pai mō ngā momo hua rerekē, tae atu ki ngā pouaka, ngā ipu, tae atu ki ngā papa reti. Mā te whirihora i ngā whata kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga motuhake o te rarangi taonga, ka taea e ngā pakihi te whakarite i ō rātou tapuwae mahi, kia pai ai te whakawhiti mai i te whiwhinga ki te tuku.

Te Whakapai Ake i te Whai Huatanga Whakahaere mā te Aunoatanga

I roto i te mākete tere o ēnei rā, kua puta te aunoatanga hei wāhanga nui o te whai huatanga o te mahi. Mā te whakauru i ngā pūnaha whatanga whāngai-papa me ngā otinga aunoa, pērā i ngā whitiki kawe me ngā pūnaha whakarōpū, ka hangaia he taiao mahi tahi e tere ake ai, e māmā ake ai hoki ngā tukanga whakahaere. Ehara i te mea ka whakaitihia noa e te aunoatanga te wā e hiahiatia ana mō te nekehanga o ngā taonga engari ka whakaitihia hoki te hapa tangata, ka hua ake te tika ake o te whakahaere taonga.

Mā ngā taputapu aunoa ka whakarei ake te tirohanga me te aroturuki i roto i ngā pūnaha FIFO. Ka taea e te pūmanawa whakahaere rawa matatau te aroturuki i ngā taumata rawa me te whakarato raraunga wā-tūturu e pā ana ki te huringa rawa. Ka taea e ēnei pūnaha te whakamōhio aunoa i ngā kaimahi whare putunga ina tata mai ngā rā paunga o te hua, kia whakarite ai i te whakahaere matatau o ngā taonga pirau.

Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, mā te whakamahi i ngā waka ārahi aunoa (AGV) me te whatanga whāngai-papatipu ka taea te whakapai ake i te tukanga tiki. Ka taea e ngā AGV te kawe i ngā taonga puta noa i te whare putunga me te whai hua, ka whakaiti i te mahi a ngā kaimahi me te whakaiti i te wā e pau ana ki te tukatuka i ngā ota. Mā te tere o te whanaketanga o te hangarau me te karetao, ka nui ake te matatau o te whakaurunga o ngā pūnaha aunoa me te whatanga whāngai-papatipu, ka tukuna he pai rawa atu.

Heoi, he mea nui kia aromatawaihia ngā pānga utu o te aunoatanga me ngā penapena pea ka puta mai i te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga. Me arotakehia te haumi ki te hangarau i runga i ngā hua e tumanakohia ana, inā koa i roto i ngā taiao e mahi ana i runga i ngā tawhē iti.

Te Whakatika i ngā Wero Noa i roto i te Whakahaere Taonga

Ahakoa ngā painga o te FIFO me te whatanga whāngai-papatipu, he maha tonu ngā wero kei roto i te whakahaere taonga. Ko tētahi take noa ko te uaua o te whakahaere i ngā momo hua rerekē i roto i te pūnaha kotahi. Ko ngā rerekētanga o te rahi o ngā taonga, ngā whakaritenga whakahaere, me ngā kaupapa here hurihanga ka arahi pea ki ngā rerekētanga me ngā koretake mena kāore e whakatikahia tika.

Hei whakaiti i ēnei wero, me haumi ngā pakihi ki ngā kaupapa whakangungu whānui mō ngā kaimahi whare putunga. Me mātau ngā kaimahi ki te tikanga FIFO me ngā tikanga motuhake o ngā pūnaha whatanga whāngai-papatipu. Mā te whakangungu tika ka whakarei ake i tō rātou kaha ki te whakahaere pai i ngā taonga, ā, ka whakaiti i ngā whakararuraru mahi.

Ko tētahi atu āwangawanga ko te tiaki. Me tirotirohia ngā pūnaha whatanga e whāngaihia ana e te kaha ā-papatipu kia mau tonu ai te pai o ngā roera me ētahi atu wāhanga. Ka taea e te pirau te arahi ki ngā aukati me te puhoi o te mahi. He mea nui te whakatū i tētahi kaupapa tiaki ārai hei pupuri i te mahi me te whakaroa i te roa o te ora o te pūnaha whatanga.

I roto i te ao o ngā pūnaha mōhiohio, me whakarite hoki ngā whakahaere kia rite te pūmanawa whakahaere rawa ki ngā tikanga whakapūmau ā-tinana kua whakamahia. Tērā pea ka puta he rerekētanga raraunga mēnā kāore te pūmanawa e whakaata i ngā taumata rawa o te rawa, ka hua ake pea he kore rawa o ngā rawa, he nui rawa rānei ngā rawa. He taahiraa nui te tukutahi i te hangarau me ngā mahi whakahaere hei whakatika i ēnei wero.

Te Whakamahi i te Tātari Raraunga mō te Whakapai Tonu

Mā te whakaputa i ngā rahinga raraunga mai i ngā pūnaha rarangi taonga, he whai wāhitanga hou kei ngā pakihi ki te whakamahi i ngā tātaritanga hei whakapai tonu. Mā te whakamahi i ngā tātaritanga raraunga, ka taea e ngā whakahaere te tautuhi i ngā au me ngā tauira o te nekehanga o ngā rarangi taonga, hei āwhina i te whakatikatika i ngā rautaki hoko me te whakahaere rarangi taonga.

Mā te tātari matapae, ka taea e ngā pakihi te whakamahere pai ake. Mā te whakakotahi i ngā raraunga o mua me ngā au o te mākete o nāianei, ka taea e ngā whakahaere te whakarerekē i ā rātou taumata taonga me ngā reiti hurihanga. Ehara i te mea ko tēnei auahatanga anake te tautoko i ngā tukanga FIFO engari ka whakarei ake hoki i te tere o te pakihi whānui, ka taea ai te urupare tere ki ngā hihiri o te mākete.

Hei tāpiritanga, me whakatū he inenga mahi hei aromatawai i te whai huatanga o ngā pūnaha whatanga whāngai-papatipu. Mā ngā inenga pēnei i te ōwehenga hurihanga taonga, te wā whakatutuki ota, me ngā reiti hua o ngā kaimahi ka taea te whakamārama i te whai huatanga o te mahi. Mā te aroturuki tonu i ēnei KPI ka taea e ngā pakihi te tautuhi i ngā wāhi hei whakapai ake, ā, mā reira ka tautoko i ngā whakapainga tonu i roto i ngā mahi rarangi taonga.

Hei tāpiritanga, me arotahi ngā kamupene ki ngā urupare a ngā kiritaki hei aromatawai i te whai huatanga o ā rātou rautaki whakahaere rawa. Mā te mārama ki ngā wheako me ngā tumanakohanga a ngā kiritaki ka taea te ārahi i ngā whakataunga rautaki e whakapai ake ana i te rere o ngā rawa me te pai o te makona o ngā kiritaki.

Hei whakamutunga, mā te whakamahi i ngā pūnaha whatanga whāngai-papatipu ka māmā ake te whakatinanatanga o te whakahaere rawa FIFO, ka hangaia he painga whakataetae mā te arotau i ngā tukanga rokiroki me te tiki. Ahakoa he wero kei reira, mā te huarahi matatau e uru ana ki te whakangungu, te tātari raraunga, me te whakauru ki te aunoatanga ka pai ake te whai huatanga o te mahi. I te mea kei te whanake tonu ngā pakihi hei whakautu ki ngā āhuatanga o te mākete e huri haere ana, kāore e taea te whakanui rawa i te uara o te whakahaere rawa whai hua. Mā te awhi i ngā otinga auaha ka tū ngā whakahaere ki te whakatutuki i ngā tono o nāianei, engari ki te akiaki hoki i te tipu o te heke mai.