Me pēhea te penapena wāhi me te wā mā te whakamahi i ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa

Ko te nuinga o te iwi e whakaaro ana ko te whakanui ake i te wāhi whare putunga he mahi noa iho i te arotau i te tahora—he tirohanga e whakaiti ana i te uaua o te whakahaere rauemi me te whakahaere taonga. E whakahē ana ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa i tēnei whakaaro tuku iho mā te whakaae ko te rokiroki whai hua ehara i te mea ko te nui o te mea ka taea e koe te whakarārangi; engari ko te rere o ngā hua i roto i te mekameka tuku.

Whakaarohia he pūnaha ka taea te uru atu ki ngā taonga i roto i te wā tonu, me te kore e raruraru i ngā tikanga rokiroki tuku iho. Ehara i te mea ka whakanui ake i te kiato o te rokiroki te whatanga rere papa engari ka huri anō hoki i te wā e pau ana ki te tiki hua. Ko ngā rerekētanga i waenga i ngā pūnaha whatanga tuku iho me te hoahoa rere papa auaha e whakamārama ana i ngā painga e kore e arohia e ēnei pūnaha ki ngā pakihi, mai i te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te mahi ki te whakarei ake i te haumaru.

Te Mārama ki ngā Pūnaha Whakatakotoranga Rere Papa

I tōna pūtake, ko te pūnaha whatanga rere papa he raupapa whatanga piko me ngā ara roera e whakaurua ana ki te pari. I te wā e utaina ana ngā papa ki te pito teitei, ka taea e te kaha ā-papa te rere iho i ngā ara ki te wāhi tiki. Mā tēnei hoahoa ka whakarite kia whai huarahi whakahaere rawa tuatahi-ki-roto, tuatahi-ki-waho (FIFO), he mea nui mō ngā taonga pirau, ngā taonga rānei e hiahia ana kia tino tika te whakahaere i te rā.

He rerekē tēnei i ngā pūnaha whatanga tūmau tuku iho, arā, ka whakatakotoria poutū ngā papa, ā, he nui te wā e hiahiatia ana hei uru atu, ka whakangāwari ake ngā pūnaha rere papa mā te whakaiti i te tawhiti me te wā e pau ana ki te kohikohi taonga. Ko te mutunga mai he rerenga mahi maeneene e hua ake ai he tere ake te whakaputanga. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau mā te whakamahi i tētahi pūnaha rere papa ka taea te whakaiti i ngā wā kohikohi tae atu ki te 30%, ka nui ake te tere o ngā mahi.

Heoi anō, he tino maha ngā whakamahinga o ngā pūnaha rere papa, e taea ai te whakauru i ngā rahi me ngā taumaha papa rerekē. Mā tēnei urutau ka taea e ngā pakihi te whakarite i ā rātou otinga rokiroki kia tutuki ai ā rātou hiahia motuhake mō ngā taonga. Ahakoa e aro ana ki ngā rerekētanga o ngā hua o te wā, e whakarerekē ana rānei ki ngā tono hou o te mekameka tuku, ka taea e ngā pakihi te whakarerekē i ā rātou whirihoranga me te ngāwari, kia tiakina ai ā rātou haumitanga me te whakarite i ā rātou rautaki rokiroki ā muri ake nei.

Te Whakapai Ake i te Whakamahinga o te Wāhi

Ko tētahi o ngā painga nui o ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa ko tōna kaha ki te whakanui ake i te whakamahinga o te wāhi. I tēnei wā e piki haere tonu ana ngā utu o ngā whenua, he mea nui ake te whakamahinga whai hua o te wāhi whare putunga i mua. He maha ngā wā ka waiho e ngā pūnaha whatanga tuku iho he āputa nui nā te hiahia mō te wāhi ara, ka hua ake he whakaiti whānui i te wāhi rokiroki e taea ana te whakamahi.

Mā ngā whata rere papa e whakaiti i tēnei wāhi maumau mā te whakauru i tētahi hoahoa kiato e arotau ana i te kiato o ngā hua. Ko te āhua FIFO he iti ake ngā mata kōwhiri e hiahiatia ana, e āhei ai ngā pakihi ki te whakanui ake i te rokiroki poutū. Ka taea e tēnei te arahi ki te pikinga pea o te kaha rokiroki tae atu ki te 50% ki te whakataurite ki ngā tikanga tuku iho. Ko te kaha ki te penapena i ngā papa maha atu i roto i te tapuwae kotahi ehara i te mea ka penapena moni anake engari ka whakarei ake hoki i ngā kaha whakahaere.

Hei tāpiritanga, mā te hoahoa ka taea te whakatakoto i ngā ara hohonu ake, ko te tikanga ka taea e ngā kamupene te whakahaere i te rokiroki papatipu me te whai hua ake. Mā ngā ara hohonu ake ka whakaitihia te maha o ngā ara e hiahiatia ana, ka huri pai i ngā whakatakotoranga whare putunga hei wāhi whai kiko e tautoko ana i te nekehanga tere me te whakahaere i ngā taonga. Ka taea e tēnei whakarerekētanga te arahi ki te penapena wā nui i te wā e tutuki ai ngā ota me ngā wāhanga whakakī anō i ngā taonga.

Ka tino whai hua ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa mō ngā pakihi he nui ngā SKU, nā te mea ka taea te whakauru i ngā rahinga hua rerekē me te kore e hiahiatia he whirihoranga whatanga whānui me te uaua. Ka taea e tēnei ngāwari e aro ana ki ngā hiahia te whakatutuki i ngā nekehanga o ngā taonga o te wā, i ngā tono mākete e tere huri ana rānei, me te pupuri tonu i te pai o te rokiroki.

Te Whakapai Ake i te Whai Hua o te Kohi

Kāore e taea te whakanui rawa i te hiahia nui o ngā pakihi ki te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te kohikohinga. I roto i ngā whare putunga o ēnei rā, ko te tere me te tika o te whakatutuki i ngā ota he mea nui ki te angitu. He nui te whai wāhi a ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa ki tēnei whai huatanga mā te whakahaere i te urunga tere ki ngā taonga me te whakaiti i te wā e pau ana ki te rapu hua.

Ina whakatinanahia tika, ka arotauhia te whakatakotoranga o ia papa kia tata tonu ai ngā taonga e torohia pinepinetia ana ki te wāhi kohikohi. Mā tēnei tohatoha whakaaro nui ka whakaitihia te nekehanga koretake me te whakaroa i te wā. E kiia ana ka heke te wā haere o ngā kaikohi i ngā whakahaere e whakamahi ana i ngā pūnaha rere papa mā te 20-30%.

Heoi anō, mā te urunga tika mai o ngā whata koki ka taea te hiki i ngā papa taumaha me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā whara e pā ana ki te whakahaere ā-ringa i ngā papa taumaha. Ehara i te mea ka whakanui noa i te wairua o ngā kaimahi te haumaru ake, engari ka whakaitihia hoki ngā utu e pā ana ki ngā aituā, ka whakatairanga i tētahi taiao mahi whai hua ake.

Ka whakarei ake hoki ngā whanaketanga hangarau i ngā tukanga kohi. Ka taea te whakauru i ngā Pūnaha Whakahaere Whare Putunga (WMS) ki ngā pūnaha rere papa, kia taea ai te aroturuki i ngā taumata taonga i te wā tūturu, me te whakarite pai ake i ngā mahi kohi. Ka whakaitihia e tēnei whakaurunga ngā hapa tangata, ā, ka whai wāhi ki te whakanui ake i te tika, kia pai ake ai ngā putanga kounga.

Hei tāpiritanga, mā te āhua FIFO o te whatanga rere papa ka tino pau ngā taonga tawhito, ka pai ake te hurihanga o ngā taonga, ka iti ake hoki ngā mate e puta mai ana i ngā taonga kua pau, kua tawhito rānei. I ngā mākete e tino hiahiatia ana te hou, pērā i te kai me ngā rongoā, he mea nui tēnei āhuatanga hei pupuri i te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga me te makona o ngā kaihoko.

Te Whakarerekē ki ngā Hiahia o te Ao kei te heke mai

Ko te tere o te whanaketanga o te ao whakahaere taonga me te whare putunga e hiahia ana kia urutau ngā pakihi. Kua hangaia ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa me te whai whakaaro ki tēnei urutau, kia taea ai e ngā whare te urupare pai ki ngā huringa o te ahumahi.

I te nekehanga o ngā āhuatanga o te mākete—ahakoa nā ngā huringa ōhanga, ngā auahatanga hangarau, ngā hiahia rānei o te kaihoko—ka taea e ngā pakihi te whakarerekē i ā rātou pūnaha whatanga rere papa kia uru ki ngā raina hua hou, ki ngā tauira pakihi rerekē rānei. Mā tēnei pūkenga mahi ka taea e ngā whare te whakamātau i ngā rautaki whakahaere hou me te kore e pāngia e ngā raruraru nui, e ngā haumitanga nui rānei ki ngā hanganga hou.

Hei tauira, ko te pikinga ake o te hokohoko ipurangi kua hiahiatia he tere o ngā mahi whakarite taonga kāore i hiahiatia i mua. Ka taea e te whatanga rere papa te āwhina i ngā kamupene ki te whakauru i ngā otinga kohikohinga maha-kēke me te rokiroki nui mā te tuku i ngā SKU rerekē kia noho tahi. Mā tēnei ngāwari ka whakaitihia ngā wā arahi, ka whakarite kia tutuki i ngā pakihi ngā tono e tipu haere ana a ngā kaihoko e rapu ana i ngā kōwhiringa tuku tere.

Hei tāpiritanga, kei te hurihia te āhua o ngā whare putunga hou e ngā whanaketanga o te aunoatanga me te hangarau karetao. He maha ngā pūnaha rere papa ka taea te whakauru pai ki ngā pūnaha aunoa, pērā i ngā Waka Arataki Aunoa (AGV) me ngā pūnaha kohi karetao. Mā ēnei whakaurunga ka taea te whakanui ake i te whai huatanga, nā te mea ka taea e ngā pūnaha aunoa te whakatere i roto i ngā tahora kua whakaritea e te whatanga rere papa, ka pai ake ai te whakahaere me te putanga mahi.

Mā te haumi ki ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa e kore e whakapakari noa i ngā mahi o nāianei engari ka whakanoho pai hoki i ngā pakihi mō ngā huringa ā muri ake nei. Mā te awhi i ēnei otinga ka ārahi i ngā whakahaere ki te pumau me te tipu mō te wā roa.

Te Whai Hua o te Utu mā te Whai Hua

I roto i tētahi taiao ōhanga e tohuhia ana e ngā utu hurihuri me ngā tawhē tino iti, kei te rapu tonu ngā whakahaere i ngā huarahi hei whakanui ake i ngā hua me te whakaiti i ngā whakapaunga. Ko ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa he otinga utu-whai hua mā te whakapai ake i te pai o te whakahaere me te whakaiti i ngā whakapaunga utu.

Ko tētahi o ngā penapena nui rawa atu i ahu mai i te whakaiti i ngā utu mahi. Mā te tere o te kohikohi me te whakahaere pai ake i ngā rerenga mahi, he iti ake ngā kaimahi e hiahiatia ana hei whakatutuki i te nui o ngā ota. E ai ki te kōrero i mua ake nei, ko te whakaiti i te wā haere i te wā kohikohi ka hua ake he nui ake ngā hāora mahi whai hua, ka taea ai e ngā kamupene te whakahaere i ngā kaimahi iti ake me te pupuri tonu i ngā taumata whakaputa teitei.

Heoi anō, ko te kaha o ēnei papa ki te whakaiti i te kino o ngā taonga ka iti ake ngā mate pūtea. Mā te whakahaere pai o ngā papa ka whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā tukinga me te whakahaere hē i te wā e kohi ana, ā, ka tiakina te kounga o ngā hua me te whakaiti i ngā reiti whakahoki. Ka taea hoki e ngā pakihi te whiwhi utu inihua iti ake nā te mea ka iti ake ngā aituā mahi me ngā kino o ngā hua.

Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, ko te nui haere o te kaha rokiroki o ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa ka hua ake he iti iho ngā utu mita tapawha mō ia taonga e rongoatia ana. Ka taea e ngā kamupene te whakaiti i te rahi o ā rātou wāhi putunga riihi, ā, ka hua ake he whakaritenga pūtea pai ake mō te wā roa.

E whakaatu ana tētahi tātaritanga hōhonu, tera pea ka whiwhi ngā kamupene e whakamahi ana i ngā pūnaha rere papa i tētahi hokinga mai o te haumitanga (ROI) i roto i tētahi wā poto noa iho. Ahakoa he nui te haumitanga tuatahi ki ēnei pūnaha, ka tauritehia e ngā painga pūtea maha-āhua i whiwhi mai i te pikinga o te whai huatanga whakahaere me te whakaiti i ngā utu i roto i te wā.

Hei whakarāpopototanga, kei te whakahou ake ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa i ngā rautaki whare putunga, e whakarato ana i te wāhi ki ngā pakihi kia tipu ake, me te whakahaere me te whakahou i ā rātou mahi. Ehara i te mea he otinga penapena wāhi noa iho, engari he ngāwari, he haumaru ake, he whai hua hoki te utu, he mea nui tēnei i roto i ngā mākete e tere hurihuri ana i ēnei rā.

Mā te awhi i ēnei huarahi auaha, ka taea e ngā pakihi te noho whakataetae tonu, engari ka taea hoki te whakarite i a rātou anō mō ​​te tipu pumau i roto i tētahi whenua e whanake tonu ana. I te mea kei te noho tonu te mahi kawe taonga hei wāhanga matua o te angitu pakihi, ko te whakamahinga whakaaro nui o ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa ka taea te huri i te kēmu mō te maha o ngā whakahaere e hiahia ana ki te angitu i roto i te mākete hou.