Me pēhea te whakapai ake a ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa i ngā mahi whare putunga

E ai ki ngā rangahau ahumahi hou, tata ki te 60% o ngā tohunga whare putunga e kī ana ko te arotau i te wāhi rokiroki he kaupapa matua i roto i ā rātou mahi. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau mai i Logistics Management mā te whakamahi i ngā otinga rokiroki matatau ka piki ake te 30% o te kiato o te rokiroki, ka nui ake te hua o te mahi katoa. E whakaatu ana ēnei tatauranga i te mahi nui a ngā pūnaha whatanga whai hua, inā koa ko ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa, ki te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o ngā mahi whare putunga hou.

Nā te taenga mai o te hokohoko ipurangi kua tino whakarerekētia ngā tumanakohanga a ngā kaihoko, ā, me tere ake, me whai hua hoki ngā tukanga kawe taonga. Nō reira, kei te rapu tonu ngā kaiwhakahaere whare putunga i ngā huarahi hei whakahaere i ā rātou mahi me te whakanui ake i te hua. I roto i ngā otinga e wātea ana, ko ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa e tū motuhake ana mō tō rātou kaha ki te whakapai ake i te wāhi me te whakapai ake i te whakahaere taonga. Ehara i te mea ka tere ake te uru atu o ēnei pūnaha ki ngā hua, engari ka whakarei ake hoki i te rere whānui o ngā taonga i roto i te whare putunga.

Te Mārama ki ngā Pūnaha Whakatakotoranga Rere Papa

Kua hangaia ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa hei whakahaere i te rokiroki me te tiki taonga mā te whakamahi i ngā mātāpono e peia ana e te kaha ā-papa. Ko te tikanga he raupapa ara roera whakarara, ka taea e ēnei whatanga te neke noa i ngā papa mai i muri ki mua o te pūnaha rokiroki. I te mea ka utaina ngā papa mai i muri, ka rere whakamua i raro i te mana o te kaha ā-papa, ka māmā ake, ka pai ake hoki te kohi. Ko tētahi o ngā āhuatanga motuhake o tēnei pūnaha whatanga ko tana tikanga FIFO (Tuatahi ki roto, tuatahi ki waho), he tino painga mō ngā taonga pirau, ngā hua rānei me ngā whakaaro mō te roa o te wā e mau ana.

Ka rerekē pea te whirihoranga o ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa, i runga i ngā hiahia me ngā here motuhake o te whare putunga. Tērā pea ka whakauruhia e ētahi pūnaha he ara motuhake mō ngā hua rerekē, ka whakarei ake i te wehewehenga o ngā taonga me te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te poke whakawhiti. Heoi anō, nā te maha o ngā whakamahinga o ēnei pūnaha ka taea te whakauru atu ki ngā hangarau aunoa, ka whakarei ake i tō rātou whai huatanga me te tika. I te mea kei te neke haere ngā kamupene ki te aunoatanga, ko te kaha ki te whakauru i ngā pūnaha rere papa me ngā pūnaha rokiroki me te tiki aunoa (AS/RS) ka noho hei whakaaro nui mō te whai huatanga o te mahi.

Te Whakapai Ake i te Whakamahinga o te Wāhi

Ko tētahi o ngā painga matua o ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa ko tōna kaha ki te whakanui ake i te whakamahinga o te wāhi. I te mea he iti noa ngā mita tapawha o ngā whare putunga, he mea nui te whakanui ake i te rokiroki poutū. Ka taea e ngā pūnaha rere papa te whakanui ake i te kiato rokiroki mā te tuku i ngā papa kia whakatakotoria tetahi ki runga i tetahi me te kore e whakararu i te urunga atu.

Mā te hoahoa nei ka nui ake te wāhi rokiroki i ngā pūnaha whatanga tuku iho. Mā te whakarārangi i ngā papa i ngā teitei rerekē i runga i ngā ara piko, ka taea e ngā pakihi te whakamahi i te wāhi poutū e kore e whakamahia i roto i ngā whakaritenga tuku iho. Mā tēnei whai huatanga whakahaere ka taea te penapena i ngā taonga maha atu i te wāhi kotahi, he mea tino whai hua tēnei i ngā tāone nui he nui ngā utu reti.

Hei tāpiri atu, ehara i te mea ka whakangāwari noa te mātāpono FIFO i te whakatutuki i ngā ota engari ka whakaitihia hoki te tūponotanga o te toenga o ngā taonga kāore anō kia hokona i roto i te whare putunga. Mā te whakahaere tika i ngā taonga ka heke ngā utu kawe me te iti iho o te tawhito. Mō ngā ahumahi he tere te neke o ngā taonga kaihoko, he taonga ā-wā rānei, ka taea e ngā whata rere papa te whakarerekē pai ki ngā taumata taonga e rerekē ana me te kore e hiahiatia he haumi nui ki te putu tapawha tāpiri.

Te Whakapai Ake i te Whai Huatanga Whakahaere

Ko te whai huatanga o te whakahaere te tūāpapa o tētahi whare putunga angitu, ā, he nui te whai wāhi a ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa ki tēnei āhuatanga. He maha ngā wā ka puta he aukati me te puhoi o te wā kohikohi i ngā tikanga rokiroki tuku iho; heoi, mā te hoahoa ngāwari o ngā pūnaha rere papa ka whakaiti i ēnei raruraru. Mā te ngāwari o te urunga atu ki mua o te whatanga, ka taea e ngā kaimahi te whiriwhiri tere i ngā hua, ā, ka whakaitihia te wā whakatutuki ota me te whakahaere i te tukanga mahi whānui.

Hei tāpiri, nā te mea ka āwhina ngā whata rere papa ki te whakarite pai ake i ngā taonga, ka whakaitihia te tūponotanga o te ngaronga, te ngaro rānei o ngā taonga, ka iti ake te whakaroa. Mā ngā pūnaha rarangi taonga e whakahaeretia pai ana ka whakamahia te hangarau hei aroturuki i ngā nekehanga o ngā hua me te whakarite kia mau tonu ngā taumata taonga, ka whakaitihia te tūponotanga o te korenga o ngā taonga me ngā āhuatanga o te nui rawa o ngā taonga. Mā tēnei āheinga ka taea e ngā pakihi te urupare wawe ki ngā tono a ngā kiritaki, ā, ka whakarei ake i ngā taumata ratonga me te whakatutuki i ngā tumanakohanga a ngā kiritaki.

Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, ko te hoahoa ergonomic o ngā pūnaha rere papa ka whai wāhi ki te makona o ngā kaimahi. Mā te tautuhi i ngā ara mārama me te whakaiti i te taumahatanga tinana e pā ana ki te hiki taumaha mai i ngā pūnaha whatanga tuku iho, ka taea e ngā pakihi te whakatairanga i tētahi taiao mahi haumaru ake. Ko te hua ngātahi o te tere tere me te haumaru o te wāhi mahi kua whakapai ake ka hua ake te wairua me te hua o ngā kaimahi, he mea nui ēnei mō te angitu pakihi mō te wā roa.

Ngāwari me te Tauine

I tēnei wā ka taea e ngā hiahia o te mākete te huri i roto i te pō kotahi, he mea nui te whai i tētahi otinga rokiroki ngāwari mō ngā whare putunga. He tino painga ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa i tēnei āhuatanga. Mā te hoahoa ā-pūrere ka taea te whakarerekē ngāwari i te whanaketanga o ngā hiahia pakihi, ka waiho hei haumi pumau mō ngā kamupene e tipu haere ana.

I te nekehanga o ngā hiahia o ngā kaihoko ki ngā mahi penapena taonga tika-i-te-wā, ka nui haere te hiranga o te kaha o ngā pūnaha rere papa. Ka taea te whakawhānui ake, te whakaiti rānei i te rahi hei whakauru i ngā rahinga hua e rerekē haere ana, me te kore e hiahiatia he whakahou katoa i te tahora o nāianei. He mea nui tēnei urutau mō ngā pakihi e mahi ana i ngā mākete hurihuri, kia taea ai e rātou te urupare tere me te whai hua ki ngā huringa.

Heoi anō, ka taea te whakauru i ngā wāhanga takitahi o ngā pūnaha rere papa ki ētahi atu hangarau whakahaere taonga, pērā i ngā pūnaha whakahaere whare putunga (WMS) me ngā tono aroturuki taonga. Mā tēnei mahi tahi ka taea te whakatau kaupapa e ahu mai ana i ngā raraunga, ka āwhina i ngā kaiwhakahaere whare putunga ki te matapae tika i ngā matea me te arotau i ngā taumata taonga me te tika. Mā te whakaurunga o ngā hangarau urutau ka taea e ngā pakihi te noho whakataetae i roto i te mākete e tere whanake ana.

Te Whai Hua o te Utu me te Whakahokinga mai o te Pūtea

Mā te haumi ki tētahi pūnaha whatanga rere papa ka taea te whakaputa i tētahi hokinga nui ki te haumitanga (ROI) mā roto i ngā huarahi penapena utu. I te tīmatanga, tera pea he whakamataku ngā utu e pā ana ki te whakatinanatanga o tētahi pūnaha pēnei; heoi, he maha ngā wā ka nui ake ngā painga mō te wā roa i te whakapaunga o mua. Mā te whakanui ake i te kiato o te rokiroki me te whakapai ake i te urunga atu ki ngā hua, ka taea e ngā kamupene te whakaiti i ngā utu mahi e pā ana ki ngā mahi kohikohi me te tākai. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau mā te whakatutuki pai i ngā ota ka taea te whakaiti i ngā utu mahi tae atu ki te 20%.

Haunga te mahi, ka taea hoki e ngā pūnaha rere papa te whakaiti i ngā utu e pā ana ki te whakahaere taonga. I te mea he pai ake te aroturuki i ngā hua, ka iti ake te tūponotanga o ngā kamupene ki te nui rawa o ngā taonga, ki te kore rānei e ranea, ka iti ake ngā utu pupuri. Hei tāpiri, ko te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te kino o ngā hua, nā te rokiroki kua whakaritea me te ngāwari ki te uru atu, ka taea te tiaki i a rātou mai i ngā mate pūtea e pā ana ki te pirau, te pakaru rānei i roto i te wā.

Hei whakamutunga, i te tipu haere o ngā pakihi, ko te hiahia mō ētahi atu wāhi rokiroki he maha ngā wā ka hiahiatia he rīhi whare putunga hou, he haumitanga whakapaipai rānei ki te hanganga. Ka taea e ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa te whakanui ake i te kaha whakahaere me te kore e hiahiatia he whakapaunga whakapaipai nui, ka whakarato i tētahi huarahi kē atu ki ngā otinga rokiroki tuku iho. Nō reira, ko te whai huatanga o te utu me te kaha ki te penapena ka waiho ēnei pūnaha hei kōwhiringa whakamīharo mō ngā pakihi e titiro ana ki te whakarei ake i ō rātou kaha whare putunga.

Hei whakarāpopototanga, he otinga maha-ahu te pūnaha whatanga rere papa hei arotau i ngā mahi whare putunga. Mā te whakarei ake i te whakamahinga o te wāhi, te whakapai ake i te pai o te mahi, me te tuku ngāwari, ka aro atu ēnei pūnaha ki te whānuitanga o ngā wero ahumahi. Ko te kaha ki te urutau ki ngā tono hurihuri me te whakatutuki i ngā penapena utu nui ka whakaū ake i tō rātou tūranga hei rawa nui i roto i ngā mahi kawe taonga hou. I te mea ka uaua haere ngā mekameka tuku, ko te haumi ki ngā otinga rokiroki whai hua pēnei i ngā pūnaha whatanga rere papa ehara i te mea he whakatau mahi noa iho engari he mea nui hoki mō te angitu tonu o te whare putunga. I te whanaketanga o ngā ahumahi me te pikinga ake o ngā tumanakohanga a ngā kaihoko, ko te awhi i aua otinga auaha ka nui hei pupuri i te painga whakataetae i roto i te whenua mākete e hurihuri tonu ana.